2004-2020年太湖平原典型农田生态系统长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0328

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水稻(Oryza sativa)和冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)是长江三角洲太湖平原农田生态系统主要种植的农作物。千粒重、每穗粒数、每株穗数等是农作物的主要性状, 是决定产量的重要因素, 摸清区域内作物收获期性状和产量变化规律, 对作物育种、保障区域粮食安全和生态安全具有重要意义。作物收获期性状和产量数据集也对全球气候变化如温度升高等提供了长时间序列直接的数据验证。江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(简称常熟站)是长江三角洲唯一的国家农田生态系统科学观测研究站, 代表了北亚热带太湖平原以水稻种植为主的半人工湿地农田生态系统。该数据集包含了常熟站近17年(2004-2020年)长期生物监测样地水稻和冬小麦收获期性状和产量数据, 可以为作物生长模型构建、遥感估产、区域作物生长动态过程与农业对气候变化的响应和适应等研究提供基础数据支撑。

数据库(集)基本信息简介

数据库(集)名称	2004-2020年太湖平原典型农田生态系统长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集
数据库(集)作者	王书伟, 林静慧, 周伟, 单军, 赵旭, 颜晓元
数据库(集)通信作者	王书伟(swwang@issas.ac.cn), 赵旭(zhaoxu@issas.ac.cn)
数据时间范围	2004-01-01-2020-12-31
地理区域	江苏常熟农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(31.54° N, 120.69° E)
文件大小	1.47 Mb
数据格式	.xlsx
数据链接	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0328-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1682 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.57760/sciencedb.ecodb.00201
数据库(集)组成	该数据集有1个文件, 包含5个数据表: 农田主要作物肥料投入情况, 农田主要作物农药、除草剂、生长剂等投入情况, 水稻收获期植株性状, 小麦收获期植株性状, 作物收获期测产

关键词: 作物收获期性状, 产量, 常熟站, 长期生物监测

Abstract:

Rice (Oryza sativa) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) are the main crops cultivated in the farmland ecosystem of the Taihu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta. The 1 000-grain weight, grains per panicle, and spikes per plant are agronomic traits of crops, which significantly influence yield. It is of great significance to understand the changes of agronomic traits and yield during the harvest period of crops in this region, and to ensure regional food security and ecological security. The crop harvest traits and yield datasets also directly provide a long-term data verification for global climate change, such as temperature increase. The Jiangsu Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station (Changshu Station) is the only national farmland ecosystem scientific observation and research station in the Yangtze River Delta, representing the semi-artificial wetland farmland ecosystem dominated by rice cultivation in the northern subtropical Taihu Lake Plain. This dataset contains rice and winter wheat harvest traits and yield data in the past 17 years (2004-2020), derived from long-term biological observation at Changshu station. This dataset can provide data support for research on crop growth model, remote sensing yield estimation, regional crop growth dynamics, agriculture responds to and adapts to climate change.

Database/dataset profile

Dataset title	Long-term observation dataset of crop harvest traits and yield of typical farmland ecosystems in the Taihu Plain from 2004 to 2020
Data authors	WANG Shu-Wei, LIN Jing-Hui, ZHOU Wei, SHAN Jun, ZHAO Xu, YAN Xiao-Yuan
Data corresponding author	WANG Shu-Wei (swwang@issas.ac.cn), ZHAO Xu (zhaoxu@issas.ac.cn)
Data time range	2004-01-01-2020-12-31
Data geographical scope	Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station (31.54° N, 120.69° E)
Data volume	1.47 Mb
Data format	.xlsx
Data links	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0328-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1682 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.57760/sciencedb.ecodb.00201
Database/dataset composition	The dataset consists of one file, including five sheets: fertilizer application situation in the main crops, application situation of pesticide, herbicide and growth agents in the main crops, plant traits of rice at harvest time, plant traits of wheat at harvest time, observation of crop yield at harvest time

Key words: crop harvest traits, yield, Changshu Station, long-term biological observation

王书伟, 林静慧, 周伟, 单军, 赵旭, 颜晓元. 2004-2020年太湖平原典型农田生态系统长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(8): 1283-1292. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0328

WANG Shu-Wei, LIN Jing-Hui, ZHOU Wei, SHAN Jun, ZHAO Xu, YAN Xiao-Yuan. Long-term observation dataset of crop harvest traits and yield of typical farmland ecosystems in the Taihu Plain from 2004 to 2020. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(8): 1283-1292. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0328

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0328

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I8/1283

图/表 6

参考文献 11

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样地名称 Plot name	样地代码 Plot code	建立时间 Establishment time	植被类型 Vegetation type	面积 Area (m²)	主要监测内容 Main observation content
常熟站综合观测场长期采样地 Long-term ecological plot of the comprehensive observation field of Changshu Station	CSAZH01ABC_01	1998	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	1 200	水分、土壤、生物 Water, soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-空白样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - blank plot	CSAFZ01AB0_01	2008	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	300	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - straw incorporation plot	CSAFZ02AB0_01	1988	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	300	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-排水采集器样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - drainage collector sample plot	CSAFZ03AB0_01	1996	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	80	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物站区调查点-东荡村样地 Soil, biology survey plot of Changshu Station - Dongdang Village plot	CSAZQ01AB0_01	2004	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	7 000	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物站区调查点-合泰村样地 Soil, biology survey plot of Changshu Station - Hetai Village plot	CSAZQ02AB0_01	2008	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	7 200	土壤、生物 Soil, biology

样地名称 Plot name	样地代码 Plot code	建立时间 Establishment time	植被类型 Vegetation type	面积 Area (m²)	主要监测内容 Main observation content
常熟站综合观测场长期采样地 Long-term ecological plot of the comprehensive observation field of Changshu Station	CSAZH01ABC_01	1998	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	1 200	水分、土壤、生物 Water, soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-空白样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - blank plot	CSAFZ01AB0_01	2008	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	300	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - straw incorporation plot	CSAFZ02AB0_01	1988	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	300	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物辅助观测场-排水采集器样地 Soil, biology auxiliary observation field of Changshu Station - drainage collector sample plot	CSAFZ03AB0_01	1996	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	80	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物站区调查点-东荡村样地 Soil, biology survey plot of Changshu Station - Dongdang Village plot	CSAZQ01AB0_01	2004	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	7 000	土壤、生物 Soil, biology
常熟站土壤生物站区调查点-合泰村样地 Soil, biology survey plot of Changshu Station - Hetai Village plot	CSAZQ02AB0_01	2008	水稻-冬小麦 Rice-winter wheat	7 200	土壤、生物 Soil, biology

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	数据项说明 Description	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序数据的累计编号 The cumulative numbering of data in chronological order	不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Cumulative numbering of data from different years and at different plots	762
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 The unified code of CERN	按照CERN统一的3位代码填报 Fill in according to the 3-digit code unified by CERN	CSA
年 Year	采集数据的年份 The year of data collection	整数型 Integer type	2020
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 The unified plot code of CERN	按照CERN统一的13位代码填写 Fill in according to the 13-digit code unified by CERN	CSAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 The plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照生物分中心2014年订正后样地清单填写 Fill in according to the revised sample plot list of the Biological Sub-Center in 2014	常熟站综合观测场长期采样地 Long-term ecological plot of the comprehensive observation field of Changshu Station
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 The category of the plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照3类名称填写: 综合观测场、辅助观测场、站区调查点 Fill in according to the three types: comprehensive observation plot, auxiliary observation plot, and survey plot	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体品种名称 The specific name of the crop variety	填写具体到每季作物名称 Fill in the specific names of each season crop	冬小麦 Winter wheat
肥料名称 Fertilizer name	肥料具体种类名称 The specific types and names of fertilizers		尿素 Urea
施用时间 Application date	肥料等实际施用日期 The actual date of fertilizer application	日期型数据(年-月-日) Date-type data (YYYY-MM-DD)	2020-01-08
作物生育时期 Crop growth phase	施肥时作物所处的物候期 The phenological period in which the crop is at the time of fertilization		苗期 Seedling stage
施用方式 Application way	肥料施用方法 Application methods		撒施 Broadcast onto the surface soil
施用量 Application amount	每hm²施用肥料量 Fertilizer application rate per hm²	单位 Unit: kg·hm^-2	225.00
肥料折合纯氮量 Equivalent N	肥料施用量中, 纯氮总量, 即施氮量 Equivalent pure nitrogen content of fertilizer	基于肥料氮元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the nitrogen content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)	103.50
肥料折合纯磷量 Equivalent P	肥料施用量中纯磷总量, 即施磷量 Equivalent pure phosphorus content of fertilizer	基于肥料磷元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the phosphorus content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
肥料折合纯钾量 Equivalent K	肥料施用量中纯钾总量, 即施钾量 Equivalent pure potassium content of fertilizer	基于肥料钾元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the potassium content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Explanation of this row data

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	数据项说明 Description	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序数据的累计编号 The cumulative numbering of data in chronological order	不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Cumulative numbering of data from different years and at different plots	762
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 The unified code of CERN	按照CERN统一的3位代码填报 Fill in according to the 3-digit code unified by CERN	CSA
年 Year	采集数据的年份 The year of data collection	整数型 Integer type	2020
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 The unified plot code of CERN	按照CERN统一的13位代码填写 Fill in according to the 13-digit code unified by CERN	CSAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 The plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照生物分中心2014年订正后样地清单填写 Fill in according to the revised sample plot list of the Biological Sub-Center in 2014	常熟站综合观测场长期采样地 Long-term ecological plot of the comprehensive observation field of Changshu Station
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 The category of the plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照3类名称填写: 综合观测场、辅助观测场、站区调查点 Fill in according to the three types: comprehensive observation plot, auxiliary observation plot, and survey plot	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体品种名称 The specific name of the crop variety	填写具体到每季作物名称 Fill in the specific names of each season crop	冬小麦 Winter wheat
肥料名称 Fertilizer name	肥料具体种类名称 The specific types and names of fertilizers		尿素 Urea
施用时间 Application date	肥料等实际施用日期 The actual date of fertilizer application	日期型数据(年-月-日) Date-type data (YYYY-MM-DD)	2020-01-08
作物生育时期 Crop growth phase	施肥时作物所处的物候期 The phenological period in which the crop is at the time of fertilization		苗期 Seedling stage
施用方式 Application way	肥料施用方法 Application methods		撒施 Broadcast onto the surface soil
施用量 Application amount	每hm²施用肥料量 Fertilizer application rate per hm²	单位 Unit: kg·hm^-2	225.00
肥料折合纯氮量 Equivalent N	肥料施用量中, 纯氮总量, 即施氮量 Equivalent pure nitrogen content of fertilizer	基于肥料氮元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the nitrogen content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)	103.50
肥料折合纯磷量 Equivalent P	肥料施用量中纯磷总量, 即施磷量 Equivalent pure phosphorus content of fertilizer	基于肥料磷元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the phosphorus content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
肥料折合纯钾量 Equivalent K	肥料施用量中纯钾总量, 即施钾量 Equivalent pure potassium content of fertilizer	基于肥料钾元素含量和肥料施用量计算(kg·hm^-2) Calculated based on the potassium content and the application amount of the fertilizer (kg·hm^-2)
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Explanation of this row data

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	数据项说明 Description	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序数据的累计编号 The cumulative numbering of data in chronological order	不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Cumulative numbering of data from different years and at different plots	2774
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 The unified code of CERN	按照CERN统一的3位代码填报 Fill in according to the 3-digit code unified by CERN	CSA
年 Year	采集数据的年份 The year of data collection	整数型 Integer type	2020
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 The unified plot code of CERN	按照CERN统一的13位代码填写 Fill in according to the 13-digit code unified by CERN	CSAZH01ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 The plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照生物分中心2014年订正后样地清单填写 Fill in according to the revised sample plot list of the Biological Sub-Center in 2014	常熟站综合观测场长期采样地 Long-term ecological plot of the comprehensive observation field of Changshu Station
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 The category of the plots named according to the CERN uniform rules	按照3类名称填写: 综合观测场、辅助观测场、站区调查点 Fill in according to the three types: comprehensive observation plot, auxiliary observation plot, and survey plot	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体名称 The specific name of the crop variety		水稻 Rice
药剂类别 Agent type	药剂类别, 包括: 除草剂、农药、生长剂等 Pesticide categories, include: herbicides, pesticides, growth agents, etc		农药 Pesticide
药剂名称 Agent name	施用药剂的全称 The full name of the applied pesticides		17%杀螟乙蒜素 17%Fenitrothion·Ethylicin‌
主要有效成分 Main active ingredients	药剂主要有效成分及含量 The main active ingredients and contents of the pesticides	填写药剂主要有效成分名称、含量 Fill in the names and contents of the main active ingredients of the pesticides	12%乙蒜素, 5%杀螟丹可湿性粉剂 12% Ethylicin, 5% Fenitrothion
施用时间 Application date	农药等实际施用日期 The actual application dates of pesticides, etc	日期型数据(年-月-日) Date-type data (YYYY-MM-DD)	2020-05-01
作物生育时期 Crop growth phase	施用时作物所处的物候期 The phenological period at the time of applying pesticides		播种期 Sowing period
施用方式 Application way	药剂施用的方式, 包括: 喷洒、拌种、浸种等 The methods of applying pesticides, include: spraying, seed dressing, seed soaking, etc		浸种3 min Seed soaking 3 min
施用量 Application amount	每hm²施农药、除草剂、生长剂等的量 The dosage of pesticides, herbicides and growth agents per hm²	单位 Unit: kg·hm^-2	150
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Explanation of this row data