气候变暖提高青藏高原高寒草甸优势物种的根系分泌速率

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0470

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 1363-1373.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0470 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0470

气候变暖提高青藏高原高寒草甸优势物种的根系分泌速率

郑子仪¹^,³, 陈江慧¹^,³, 刘慧颖¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241
²上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241
³浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200241
⁴崇明生态研究院, 上海 202151

收稿日期:2024-12-30 接受日期:2025-05-13 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-01
通讯作者: ^*刘慧颖 (hyliu@des.ecnu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32422055);上海市青年科技启明星计划(23QA1402900)

Climate warming increases root exudation rates of dominant species in alpine meadow on the Qingzang Plateau

ZHENG Zi-Yi¹^,³, CHEN Jiang-Hui¹^,³, LIU Hui-Ying¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
²Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai 200241, China
³Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, Shanghai 200241, China
⁴Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 202151, China

Received:2024-12-30 Accepted:2025-05-13 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-01
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32422055);Shanghai Rising-Star Program(23QA1402900)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来, 植物根系分泌物作为植物-土壤-微生物相互作用的关键环节, 逐渐受到越来越多的关注。然而, 由于草地植物根系交织复杂, 关于气候变暖对草本植物根系分泌速率影响的研究仍然较为有限。该研究以青藏高原高寒草甸10种优势植物为对象, 开展室内气候培养箱实验, 通过原位动态收集根系分泌物, 定量分析增温(+4 ℃)条件下优势物种根系碳分泌速率的变化及其影响因素。结果表明: (1)增温显著提高了大多数优势物种的根系碳分泌速率, 使整体水平提升了(83.48 ± 6.00) μg·g^-1·h^-1 (81.71%), 但降低了豆科植物的根系分泌速率(11.15%); (2)增温引起的根系分泌速率变化与植物养分性状和形态性状的变化密切相关, 其中根氮含量对增温下植物根系分泌速率的解释力最强。该研究结果表明, 气候变暖将增强高寒草甸植物优势物种的根系分泌速率, 并强调了功能性状在调控根系分泌速率响应气候变暖中的重要作用。该研究有助于理解气候变化背景下高寒草甸根际碳动态, 为进一步预测青藏高原土壤碳库的变化提供科学依据。

关键词: 根系分泌速率, 植物功能性状, 增温, 高寒草甸, 植物经济型谱

Abstract:

Aims Plant root exudates have received increasing attention as a key link in plant-soil-microbe interactions in recent years. However, studies on the impact of climate warming on the root exudation rates of grassland plants remain relatively limited.
Methods In this study, we conducted a laboratory controlled experiment with 10 dominant plant species in alpine meadows of the Qingzang Plateau. We collected root exudates in situ to quantitatively analyze the changes in root carbon exudation rates of the dominant species under experimental warming (+4 °C) and identified the factors influencing these changes.
Important findings Our results showed that: (1) Warming significantly increased the root carbon exudation rate of most dominant species, with an overall increase of (83.48 ± 6.00) μg·g^-1·h^-1 (81.71%), but it decreased the root exudation rate in leguminous plants (11.15%); (2) The changes in root exudation rates induced by warming were closely related to plant nutrient traits and morphological traits, with root nitrogen content explaining the highest variation. These findings suggest that climate warming will enhance the root exudation rates of dominant species in alpine meadows and highlight the critical role of functional traits in regulating root exudation responses to warming. This study contributes to the understanding rhizosphere carbon dynamics in the context of climate change and provides scientific evidence for predicting changes in the soil carbon on the Qingzang Plateau.

Key words: root exudation rate, plant functional trait, climate warming, alpine meadow, plant economics spectrum

郑子仪, 陈江慧, 刘慧颖. 气候变暖提高青藏高原高寒草甸优势物种的根系分泌速率. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(9): 1363-1373. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0470

ZHENG Zi-Yi, CHEN Jiang-Hui, LIU Hui-Ying. Climate warming increases root exudation rates of dominant species in alpine meadow on the Qingzang Plateau. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(9): 1363-1373. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0470

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0470

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I9/1363

图/表 5

表1 增温对高寒草甸10种优势植物根系碳分泌速率影响的线性混合效应模型结果

Table 1 Linear mixed effects model results of the effect of warming on carbon exudation rates of 10 dominant species in alpine meadows on the Qingzang Plateau

固定效应 Fixed effect	模型自由度 NumDF	残差自由度 DenDF	F	p
处理 Treatment (T)	1	40	103.20	<0.001^***
物种 Species (S)	9	40	29.51	<0.001^***
处理×物种 T × S	9	40	7.27	<0.001^***

图1 增温对青藏高原高寒草甸10个优势物种根系碳分泌速率的影响(平均值±标准误, n = 3)。左上角插图显示了增温对所有物种根系碳分泌速率的影响(n = 30)。星号表示对照和增温处理之间存在显著差异(*, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001), ns表示对照和增温处理之间无显著差异(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of warming on root carbon (C) exudation rates of 10 dominant species in alpine meadows on the Qingzang Plateau (mean ± SE, n = 3). The upper left inset shows the effect of warming on root carbon exudation rates of all species (n = 30). Asterisks indicate significant differences between control and warming (*, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001), and ns indicates no significant differences between control and warming (p > 0.05).

图2 增温对青藏高原高寒草甸优势植物经济型谱的影响。红色箭头为增温处理的方向, 棕色箭头为代表根系性状, 绿色箭头代表叶片性状。LC, 根碳含量; LN, 叶氮含量; NPR, 净光合速率; RC, 根碳含量; RN, 根氮含量; Root C exudation, 根系碳分泌速率; RTD, 根组织密度; SLA, 比叶面积; SPAD, 叶绿素相对含量; SRA, 比根面积; SRL, 比根长; Warming, 增温。PC1, 主成分1; PC2, 主成分2。

Fig. 2 Effects of warming on the economic phenotypes of dominant plants in alpine meadows on the Qingzang Plateau. The red arrow indicates the direction of the warming treatment, the brown arrows indicate the root traits, and the green arrows indicate the leaf traits. LC, leaf carbon content; LN, leaf nitrogen content; NPR, net photosynthetic rate; RC, root carbon content; RN, root nitrogen content; Root C exudation, root carbon exudation rate; RTD, root tissue density; SLA, specific leaf area; SPAD, relative chlorophyll content; SRA, specific root area; SRL, specific root length; Warming, warming treatment. PC1, principal component 1; PC2, principal component 2.

图3 植物功能性状对根系碳分泌速率变化的相对贡献(n = 60)。LC, 根碳含量; LN, 叶氮含量; NPR, 净光合速率; RC, 根碳含量; RN, 根氮含量; RTD, 根组织密度; SLA, 比叶面积; SPAD, 叶绿素相对含量; SRA, 比根面积; SRL, 比根长。

Fig. 3 Contribution of plant functional traits to changes in root carbon exudation rate (n = 60). LC, leaf carbon content; LN, leaf nitrogen content; NPR, net photosynthetic rate; RC, root carbon content; RN, root nitrogen content; RTD, root tissue density; SLA, specific leaf area; SPAD, relative chlorophyll content; SRA, specific root area; SRL, specific root length. MSE, mean squared error.

图4 根系碳分泌速率与关键植物性状的线性拟合。灰色阴影表示95%置信区间, 实线表示线性拟合斜率显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Linear fit of root carbon exudation rate to key plant traits. Gray shading indicates 95% confidence intervals, and the solid line represents a significant slope of the linear fit (p < 0.05).

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气候变暖提高青藏高原高寒草甸优势物种的根系分泌速率

Climate warming increases root exudation rates of dominant species in alpine meadow on the Qingzang Plateau

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