植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 268-278.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0229 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0229
侯霄帆(
), 马辰涵, 孙语倩, 高钰涵, 李品**(
)(
)
收稿日期:2025-06-18
接受日期:2025-12-17
出版日期:2026-02-28
发布日期:2026-04-01
通讯作者:
**李品 (lipin@bjfu.edu.cn)作者简介:第一联系人:* 同等贡献
基金资助:
HOU Xiao-Fan(
), MA Chen-Han, SUN Yu-Qian, GAO Yu-Han, LI Pin**(
)(
)
Received:2025-06-18
Accepted:2025-12-17
Online:2026-02-28
Published:2026-04-01
Contact:
**LI Pin (lipin@bjfu.edu.cn)About author:First author contact:* Contributed equally to this work
Supported by:摘要:
大气臭氧(O3)浓度升高显著影响植物元素分配, 进而调控凋落物分解过程, 但叶片与细根凋落物的生态化学计量特征如何响应O3胁迫仍不清楚。该研究旨在揭示O3升高对叶片与细根凋落物分解过程中碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)计量特征的影响及其调控机制。依托北京延庆O3-FACE平台, 以栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata)和茶树(Camellia sinensis)为研究对象, 设置环境空气(NF)和加O3处理(NF60, 环境空气+60 nmol·mol-1 O3), 开展为期12个月的凋落物分解实验, 测定不同分解阶段(0、1、3、12个月)凋落物C、N、P含量及其计量比(C:N、C:P、N:P)的动态变化。O3处理显著改变了凋落物初始化学计量特征及分解残留特征。NF60处理下, 栾树凋落叶初始C:N升高7.6%, N:P下降17.7%, 分解12个月后残留率增加10.3%; 而茶树细根P含量上升11.1%, C:P下降14.5%, 表现出器官—物种特异的计量偏移。凋落物残留率与C:N、C:P、N:P显著相关。分解过程中, 两树种的凋落叶N:P均显著升高(栾树: 43.6%-68.0%, 茶树: 52.9%-59.3%), 提示后期P限制增强; 细根亦出现器官特异的N:P上升, 但幅度与处理效果依赖于树种, 与微生物生长速率假说一致。O3改变了凋落物的化学计量特征, 尤其是C:P平衡, 这可能进一步影响微生物养分获取并减缓碳周转过程; 同时, 凋落叶与细根表现出明显不同的响应模式。栾树凋落叶分解受P限制更明显, 而茶树细根通过P重分配维持较高分解效率。研究揭示了植物器官对O3胁迫的差异化适应策略, 为全球变化背景下凋落物分解的化学计量调控机制提供了新见解。
侯霄帆, 马辰涵, 孙语倩, 高钰涵, 李品. 臭氧胁迫下叶片与细根凋落物分解的生态化学计量特征差异. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(2): 268-278. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0229
HOU Xiao-Fan, MA Chen-Han, SUN Yu-Qian, GAO Yu-Han, LI Pin. Differential ecological stoichiometry of leaf and fine root litter decomposition under ozone stress. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(2): 268-278. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0229
图1 不同O3处理对两个树种叶片和细根凋落物在分解1、3和12个月时的质量残留率影响(平均值±标准误)。A, 自然分解环境; E, O3升高的分解环境; NF, 环境空气下的分解底物; NF60, 经60 nmol·mol-1 O3预处理的分解底物。在同一分解时间内, 不同处理间若标注不同的小写字母, 表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 1 Effects of ozone treatments on the mass remaining (%) of leaf and fine root litter from two tree species after 1, 3, and 12 months of decomposition (mean ± SE). A, the ambient decomposition environment; E, the elevated ozone environment; NF, litter derived from plants grown under ambient air; NF60, litter derived from plants exposed to ambient air + 60 nmol·mol-1 O3. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments within the same decomposition stage (p < 0.05).
图2 不同分解阶段凋落叶中碳(C) (A-D)、氮(N) (E-H)和磷(P) (I-L)含量的变化(平均值±标准误, n = 3)。T0、T1、T3和T12分别表示分解0、1、3和12个月。CS, 茶树; LS, 栾树。相同分解阶段下, 不同处理间若标注不同小写字母, 表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。采用双因素方差分析检验处理(T)、树种(S)及其交互作用(T × S)对化学组分的影响: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, 差异不显著。
Fig. 2 Changes in carbon (C) (A-D), nitrogen (N) (E-H), and phosphorus (P) (I-L) contents in leaf litter across different decomposition stages (mean ± SE, n = 3). T0, T1, T3 and T12 denote decomposition times of 0, 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. CS, Camellia sinensis; LS, Koelreuteria paniculata. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments within the same decomposition stage (p < 0.05). A two-way ANOVA was used to examine the effects of treatment (T), species (S), and their interaction (T × S) on the chemical components: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, no significant difference.
图3 不同分解阶段细根中碳(C) (A-D)、氮(N) (E-H)和磷(P) (I-L)含量的变化。CS, 茶树; LS, 栾树。T0、T1、T3和T12分别表示分解0、1、3和12个月。相同分解阶段下, 不同处理间若标注不同小写字母, 表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。采用双因素方差分析检验处理(T)、树种(S)及其交互作用(T × S)对化学组分的影响: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, 差异不显著。
Fig. 3 Changes in carbon (C) (A-D), nitrogen (N) (E-H), and phosphorus (P) (I-L) contents in fine roots across different decomposition stages. T0, T1, T3 and T12 denote decomposition times of 0, 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. CS, Camellia sinensis; LS, Koelreuteria paniculata. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments within the same decomposition stage (p < 0.05). A two-way ANOVA was used to examine the effects of treatment (T), species (S), and their interaction (T × S) on the chemical components: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, no significant difference.
图4 不同分解阶段凋落叶中化学计量比的变化。C, 碳; N, 氮; P, 磷。CS, 茶树; LS, 栾树。T0、T1、T3和T12分别表示分解0、1、3和12个月。相同分解阶段下, 不同处理间若标注不同小写字母, 表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。采用双因素方差分析检验处理(T)、树种(S)及其交互作用(T × S)对化学组分的影响: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, 差异不显著。
Fig. 4 Changes in stoichiometric ratios in leaf litter across different decomposition stages. T0, T1, T3 and T12 denote decomposition times of 0, 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. C, carbon; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorus. CS, Camellia sinensis; LS, Koelreuteria paniculata. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments within the same decomposition stage (p < 0.05). A two-way ANOVA was used to examine the effects of treatment (T), species (S), and their interaction (T × S) on the chemical components: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, no significant difference.
图5 不同分解阶段细根中化学计量比的变化。T0、T1、T3和T12分别表示分解0、1、3和12个月。C, 碳; N, 氮; P, 磷。CS, 茶树; LS, 栾树。相同分解阶段下, 不同处理间若标注不同小写字母, 表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。采用双因素方差分析检验处理(T)、树种(S)及其交互作用(T × S)对化学组分的影响: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, 差异不显著。
Fig. 5 Changes in stoichiometric ratios in fine roots across different decomposition stages. T0, T1, T3 and T12 denote decomposition times of 0, 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively. C, carbon; N, nitrogen; P, phosphorus. CS, Camellia sinensis; LS, Koelreuteria paniculata. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments within the same decomposition stage (p < 0.05). A two-way ANOVA was used to examine the effects of treatment (T), species (S), and their interaction (T × S) on the chemical components: *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001; ns, no significant difference.
图6 凋落叶(A-C)与细根(D-F)残留率(Mr)与碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征之间的相关性分析。A, 自然分解环境; E, O3升高的分解环境; NF, 环境空气下的分解底物; NF60, 经60 nmol·mol-1 O3预处理的分解底物。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001。
Fig. 6 Correlations among the mass remaining of leaf litter (A-C) and fine roots (D-F) and their stoichiometric characteristics of C, N, and P. A, natural decomposition environment; E, elevated O3 decomposition environment; NF, decomposition substrate under ambient air; NF60, decomposition substrate pretreated with 60 nmol·mol-1 O3. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
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