长白山不同海拔岳桦非结构碳水化合物含量的变化

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通常认为, 随着林木不断接近其海拔分布极限, 光合作用产量不断下降, 导致碳水化合物供应不足(碳供应限制), 或者低温限制了碳投资(生长限制)。植物组织内非结构性碳水化合物(Nonstructural carbohydrates, NSC)的含量反映了植物碳供应与碳吸收的平衡。为了检验“碳供应限制”和“生长抑制”假说, 我们对长白山海拔1 700~ 2 050 m的自然生境下生长的岳桦(Betula ermanii)的叶片和枝条组织的NSC含量进行了比较。结果表明: 岳桦叶片的NSC含量随海拔升高变化不显著, 枝条的NSC含量随海拔升高显著增加; 叶片和枝条中淀粉含量与可溶性总糖含量的比值均随海拔的升高而减小; 林线附近的岳桦林木不存在碳水化合物供应不足的问题, 这在一定程度上表明生长限制导致长白山岳桦林线的形成。

关键词: 岳桦, 非结构性碳水化合物, 海拔, 林线, 长白山

Abstract:

Aims It is often assumed that trees near the high-elevation tree limit fall short in photosynthate (source limitation). Alternatively, low temperature may restrict carbon investment (growth, sink limitation). The content of mobile nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) in tissues is considered as a measure of the carbon source-sink balance. Our objective was to test source vs. sink limitation. We compared late-season NSC concentrations in leaves and branches of Betula ermanii across elevational gradients from the subalpine forest interior to tree line on the north slope of Changbai Mountain, China.
Methods We sampling the leaves and branches of B. ermanii on August 25, 2007. The NSC (including dissolubility total sugar, sucrose, and fructose) concentration was measured using a modified anthrone method; the perchloric acid method was used for starch concentration measure.
Important findings The NSC (including starch) concentrations in branches increased significantly with elevation, while there were no significant trend in leaves. The ratio of starch to sugar decreased with elevation in branches and leaves. The overall elevational trends of the NSC revealed no depletion of carbon reserves near the tree limit, suggesting that sink limitation predominates across this treeline ecotone community.

Key words: Betula ermanii, nonstructural carbohydrates, elevation, timberline, Changbai Mountain

周永斌, 吴栋栋, 于大炮, 隋琛莹. 长白山不同海拔岳桦非结构碳水化合物含量的变化. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(1): 118-124. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.013

ZHOU Yong-Bin, WU Dong-Dong, YU Da-Pao, SUI Chen-Ying. VARIATIONS OF NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT IN BETULA ERMANII AT DIFFERENT ELEVATIONS OF CHANGBAI MOUNTAIN, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(1): 118-124. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.013

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.013

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I1/118

图/表 4

图1 不同海拔岳桦叶片和枝条总糖含量(平均值±标准误差, n=3) 标大写字母者为0.01显著水平

Fig. 1 Total sugar content in leaves and branches of Betula ermanii growing at different altitudes (mean ± SE, n=3) Capital letters indicate significant difference at the 0.01 probability level among altitudes by LSD test

图2 不同海拔岳桦叶片和枝条的蔗糖和果糖含量的变化(平均值±标准误差, n=3) 标大写字母者为0.01显著水平, 小写字母者为0.05显著水平

Fig. 2 Sucrose and fructose content in leaves and branches of Betula ermanii growing at different altitudes (mean ± SE, n=3) Capital letters indicate significant difference at the 0.01 probability level, and small letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level among altitudes by LSD test

图3 不同海拔岳桦叶片和枝条淀粉含量(平均值±标准误差, n=3) 标小写字母者为0.05显著水平

Fig. 3 Starch content in leaves and branches of Betula ermanii growing at different altitudes (mean ± SE, n=3) Small letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level among altitudes by LSD test

图4 不同海拔岳桦叶片和枝条中NSC的含量(可溶性总糖含量与淀粉含量之和) 标小写字母者为0.05显著水平

Fig. 4 Concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC), as the sum of free sugars and starch, in leaves and branches of Betula ermanii growing at different altitudes Small letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 probability level among altitudes by LSD test

参考文献 30

[1]	Chapin FS, Schulze ED, Mooney HA (1990). The ecology and economics of storage in plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 21, 423-447. DOI URL
[2]	Chen DK (陈大珂), Feng ZW (冯宗炜) (1985). Alpine and subalpine vegetation in Changbai Mountain. Research of Forest Ecosystem (森林生态系统研究), 5, 49-54. (in Chinese)
[3]	Fischer C, Höll W (1991). Food reserves of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.). I. Seasonal changes in the carbohydrate and fat reserves of pine needles. Trees, 5, 187-195. DOI URL
[4]	Hacquet B (1780). Mineralogical-botanical pleasure trip from the mountains in Terglou Carniola to the mountains in Tyrol Glockner. Schriften der Berlinischen Gesellschaft Naturforschenden Freunde, 1, 119-201. (in German)
[5]	Hoch G, Körner Ch (2003). The carbon charging of pines at the climatic treeline: a global comparison. Oecologia, 135, 10-21. DOI URL PMID
[6]	Hoch G, Popp M, Körner Ch (2002). Altitudinal increase of mobile carbon pools in Pinus cembra suggests sink limitation of growth at the Swiss treeline. Oikos, 98, 361-374. DOI URL
[7]	Körner Ch (1998). A re-assessment of high elevation treeline positions and their explanation. Oecologia, 115, 445-459. DOI URL PMID
[8]	Körner Ch (2003). Alpine Plant Life: Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin.
[9]	Körner Ch, Paulsen J (2004). A world-wide study of high altitude treeline temperatures. Journal of Biogeography, 31, 713-732. DOI URL
[10]	Li MH, Hoch G, Körner Ch (2001). Spatial variability of mobile carbohydrates within Pinus cembra trees at the Alpine treeline. Phyton, 41, 203-312.
[11]	Li MH, Hoch G, Körner Ch (2002). Source/sink removal affects mobile carbohydrates in Pinus cembra at the Swiss treeline. Trees, 16, 331-337. DOI URL
[12]	Li MH (李迈和), Kräuchi N (2005). The state of knowledge on alpine tree line and suggestions for future research. Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology (四川林业科技), 26(4), 36-42. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Li MH, Yang J, Kräuchi N (2003). Growth responses of Picea abies and Larix decidua to elevation in subalpine areas of Tyrol, Austria. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 33, 653-662. DOI URL
[14]	Li MH, Yang J (2004). Effects of microsite on growth of Pinus cembra in the subalpine zone of the Austrian Alps. Annals of Forest Science, 61, 319-325. DOI URL
[15]	Pan QM (潘庆民), Han XG (韩兴国), Bai YF (白永飞), Yang JC (杨景成) (2002). Advances in physiology and ecology studies on stored non-structure carbohydrates in plants. Chinese Bulletin of Botany (植物学通报), 19, 30-38. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Piper F, Cavieres L, Reyes-Diaz M, Corcuera L (2006). Carbon sink limitation and frost tolerance control performance of the tree Kageneckia angustifolia D. Don (Rosaceae) at the treeline in central Chile. Plant Ecology, 185, 29-39. DOI URL
[17]	Shi PL (石培礼), Li WH (李文华) (2000). Boundary form effects of timberline ecotone on colonization of woody plants and timberline dynamics in Changbai Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 20, 573-580. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Shi P, Körner Ch, Hoch G (2006). End of season carbon supply status of woody species near the treeline in western China. Basic and Applied Ecology, 7, 370-377. DOI URL
[19]	Shi P, Körner Ch, Hoch G (2008). A test of the growth-limitation theory for alpine tree line formation in evergreen and deciduous taxa of the eastern Himalayas. Functional Ecology, 22, 213-220.
[20]	Smith AM, Stitt M (2007). Coordination of carbon supply and plant growth. Plant, Cell and Environment, 30, 1126-1149.
[21]	Shanghai Society for Plant Physiology (上海植物生理学会) (1985). The Experimental Guide for Plant Physiology (植物生理学实验手册). Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai, 134-138. (in Chinese)
[22]	Stevens GC, Fox JF (1991). The causes of treeline. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 22, 177-191.
[23]	Tranquillini W (1979). Physiological Ecology of the Alpine Timberline: Tree Existence at High Altitude with Special Reference to the European Alps, Ecological Studies 31. Springer, Berlin, 1-137.
[24]	Wang F, Sanz A, Brenner ML, Smith A (1993). Sucrose synthase, starch accumulation, and tomato fruit sink strength. Plant Physiology, 101, 321-327. DOI URL PMID
[25]	Wieser G (1997). Carbon dioxide gas exchange of cembran pine ( Pinus cembra) at the alpine timberline during winter. Tree Physiology, 17, 473-477. URL PMID
[26]	Yu DP (于大炮), Zhou L (周莉), Dong BL (董百丽), Dai LM (代力民), Wang QL (王庆礼) (2004). Structure and dynamics of Betula ermanii population on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 23(5), 30-34. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	Zhang FS (张凤山), Chi ZW (迟振文), Li XY (李晓晏) (1980). The analysis and primary evaluation on the climate of Changbai Mountain. Research of Forest Ecosystem (森林生态系统研究), 1, 193-214. (in Chinese)
[28]	Zhou XF (周晓峰), Wang XC (王晓春), Han SJ (韩士杰), Zou CJ (邹春静) (2002). The effect of global climate change on the dynamics of Betula ermanii-tundra ecotone in the Changbai Mountains. Earth Science Frontiers (地学前缘), 9, 227-231. (in Chinese)
[29]	Zou CJ (邹春静), Han SJ (韩士杰), Zhou YM (周玉梅), Wang XC (王晓春), Cheng YL (陈永亮) (2001). Study on ecological characteristics of Betula ermanii population in ecotone. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology (应用与环境生物学报), 7, 1-6. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	Zou CJ (邹春静), Wang XC (王晓春), Han SJ (韩士杰) (2004). Position of Betula ermanii population ecotone in Changbai Mountain. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 15, 2217-2220. (in Chinese with English abstract)