Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 330-339.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0166
Special Issue: 凋落物
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LIU Yao, JIAO Ze-Bin, TAN Bo, LI Han, WANG Li-Xia, LIU Si-Ning, YOU Cheng-Ming, XU Zhen-Feng, ZHANG Li*()
Received:
2021-04-30
Accepted:
2021-09-01
Online:
2022-03-20
Published:
2021-10-15
Contact:
ZHANG Li
Supported by:
LIU Yao, JIAO Ze-Bin, TAN Bo, LI Han, WANG Li-Xia, LIU Si-Ning, YOU Cheng-Ming, XU Zhen-Feng, ZHANG Li. Litter removal effects on dynamics of soil humic substances in subalpine forests of western Sichuan, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(3): 330-339.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0166
森林类型 Forest type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 优势乔木 Dominant tree | 主要林下植物 Major understory species |
---|---|---|---|
针叶林 Coniferous forest | 3 000 | 岷江冷杉 Abies fargesii var. faxoniana | 茜草 Rubia cordifolia 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana 高山杜鹃 Rhododendron lapponicum |
针阔混交林 Mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest | 2 985 | 岷江冷杉 Abies fargesii var. faxoniana 红桦 Betula albosinensis | 高山杜鹃 Rhododendron lapponicum 箭竹 Fargesia spathacea 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana |
阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest | 3 010 | 红桦 Betula albosinensis | 箭竹 Fargesia spathacea 蟹甲草 Parasenecio forrestii 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana |
Table 1 Basic information on sampling plots in subalpine forests of western Sichuan
森林类型 Forest type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 优势乔木 Dominant tree | 主要林下植物 Major understory species |
---|---|---|---|
针叶林 Coniferous forest | 3 000 | 岷江冷杉 Abies fargesii var. faxoniana | 茜草 Rubia cordifolia 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana 高山杜鹃 Rhododendron lapponicum |
针阔混交林 Mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest | 2 985 | 岷江冷杉 Abies fargesii var. faxoniana 红桦 Betula albosinensis | 高山杜鹃 Rhododendron lapponicum 箭竹 Fargesia spathacea 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana |
阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest | 3 010 | 红桦 Betula albosinensis | 箭竹 Fargesia spathacea 蟹甲草 Parasenecio forrestii 高山冷蕨 Cystopteris montana |
时间 Time (a) | 指标 Index | 土壤含水量 Soil water content (%) | 温度 Temperature (°C) | pH | 有机碳含量 Organic carbon content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 Total phosphorus content (g·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BFI | 54.94 ± 3.41a | 10.56 ± 0.05a | 5.82 ± 0.14a | 161.70 ± 25.4a | 0.25 ± 0.08a | 0.89 ± 0.07a |
MFI | 41.75 ± 9.09a | 10.41 ± 0.30a | 5.08 ± 0.11b | 121.83 ± 21.55a | 0.17 ± 0.07a | 0.87 ± 0.05a | |
CFI | 55.61 ± 2.35a | 10.15 ± 0.06a | 4.76 ± 0.07b | 171.80 ± 20.08a | 0.28 ± 0.03a | 0.83 ± 0.05a | |
BFR | 45.86 ± 7.70a | 10.45 ± 0.04a | 5.48 ± 0.06a | 96.46 ± 43.51a | 0.21 ± 0.06a | 0.86 ± 0.10a | |
MFR | 53.82 ± 7.35a | 10.14 ± 0.15a | 5.50 ± 0.09a | 192.46 ± 44.59a | 0.30 ± 0.13a | 0.76 ± 0.06a | |
CFR | 54.96 ± 1.50a | 9.75 ± 0.06a | 5.10 ± 0.25a | 166.63 ± 12.94a | 0.27 ± 0.06a | 0.78 ± 0.04a | |
1.5 | BFI | 57.57 ± 2.10a | 5.00 ± 0.14a | 6.22 ± 0.14a | 186.73 ± 12.12b | 13.10 ± 1.59a | 0.76 ± 0.14a |
MFI | 57.59 ± 7.96a | 4.75 ± 0.11a | 5.37 ± 0.25a | 240.58 ± 18.48a | 11.36 ± 3.33a | 0.79 ± 0.05a | |
CFI | 50.79 ± 1.88a | 4.65 ± 0.07a | 5.68 ± 0.45a | 211.02 ± 6.00ab | 11.10 ± 2.62a | 0.63 ± 0.13a | |
BFR | 50.32 ± 3.02a | 4.70 ± 0.06a | 5.97 ± 0.35a | 116.24 ± 20.35a | 10.36 ± 0.84a | 0.74 ± 0.10a | |
MFR | 53.32 ± 5.71a | 4.65 ± 0.07a | 5.54 ± 0.27a | 177.99 ± 51.16a | 10.37 ± 3.13a | 0.83 ± 0.08a | |
CFR | 52.90 ± 4.42a | 4.56 ± 0.25a | 5.69 ± 0.24a | 228.29 ± 16.32a | 14.07 ± 1.11a | 0.71 ± 0.08a | |
2 | BFI | 53.40 ± 8.82a | 10.24 ± 0.21a | 5.86 ± 0.21a | 121.61 ± 41.60a | 8.18 ± 2.54a | 0.47 ± 0.11a |
MFI | 58.46 ± 5.45a | 9.13 ± 0.05a | 5.81 ± 0.05a | 156.81 ± 31.94a | 7.75 ± 1.55a | 0.41 ± 0.06a | |
CFI | 46.65 ± 3.35a | 9.09 ± 0.05a | 5.79 ± 0.05a | 99.19 ± 5.10a | 2.60 ± 1.19a | 0.22 ± 0.04a | |
BFR | 46.29 ± 3.96a | 9.86 ± 0.05a | 5.74 ± 0.05a | 84.60 ± 18.86a | 3.29 ± 1.09ab | 0.44 ± 0.05a | |
MFR | 48.75 ± 6.25a | 8.90 ± 0.12a | 5.91 ± 0.12a | 102.31 ± 21.54a | 5.25 ± 0.71a | 0.36 ± 0.04ab | |
CFR | 43.88 ± 0.75a | 9.10 ± 0.14a | 5.62 ± 0.14a | 106.16 ± 10.74a | 0.82 ± 0.13b | 0.26 ± 0.02b |
Table 2 Soil physical and chemical variables at different measurement times for the three forest types under contrasting litter treatments in subalpine forests of western Sichuan (mean ± SE)
时间 Time (a) | 指标 Index | 土壤含水量 Soil water content (%) | 温度 Temperature (°C) | pH | 有机碳含量 Organic carbon content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 Total phosphorus content (g·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | BFI | 54.94 ± 3.41a | 10.56 ± 0.05a | 5.82 ± 0.14a | 161.70 ± 25.4a | 0.25 ± 0.08a | 0.89 ± 0.07a |
MFI | 41.75 ± 9.09a | 10.41 ± 0.30a | 5.08 ± 0.11b | 121.83 ± 21.55a | 0.17 ± 0.07a | 0.87 ± 0.05a | |
CFI | 55.61 ± 2.35a | 10.15 ± 0.06a | 4.76 ± 0.07b | 171.80 ± 20.08a | 0.28 ± 0.03a | 0.83 ± 0.05a | |
BFR | 45.86 ± 7.70a | 10.45 ± 0.04a | 5.48 ± 0.06a | 96.46 ± 43.51a | 0.21 ± 0.06a | 0.86 ± 0.10a | |
MFR | 53.82 ± 7.35a | 10.14 ± 0.15a | 5.50 ± 0.09a | 192.46 ± 44.59a | 0.30 ± 0.13a | 0.76 ± 0.06a | |
CFR | 54.96 ± 1.50a | 9.75 ± 0.06a | 5.10 ± 0.25a | 166.63 ± 12.94a | 0.27 ± 0.06a | 0.78 ± 0.04a | |
1.5 | BFI | 57.57 ± 2.10a | 5.00 ± 0.14a | 6.22 ± 0.14a | 186.73 ± 12.12b | 13.10 ± 1.59a | 0.76 ± 0.14a |
MFI | 57.59 ± 7.96a | 4.75 ± 0.11a | 5.37 ± 0.25a | 240.58 ± 18.48a | 11.36 ± 3.33a | 0.79 ± 0.05a | |
CFI | 50.79 ± 1.88a | 4.65 ± 0.07a | 5.68 ± 0.45a | 211.02 ± 6.00ab | 11.10 ± 2.62a | 0.63 ± 0.13a | |
BFR | 50.32 ± 3.02a | 4.70 ± 0.06a | 5.97 ± 0.35a | 116.24 ± 20.35a | 10.36 ± 0.84a | 0.74 ± 0.10a | |
MFR | 53.32 ± 5.71a | 4.65 ± 0.07a | 5.54 ± 0.27a | 177.99 ± 51.16a | 10.37 ± 3.13a | 0.83 ± 0.08a | |
CFR | 52.90 ± 4.42a | 4.56 ± 0.25a | 5.69 ± 0.24a | 228.29 ± 16.32a | 14.07 ± 1.11a | 0.71 ± 0.08a | |
2 | BFI | 53.40 ± 8.82a | 10.24 ± 0.21a | 5.86 ± 0.21a | 121.61 ± 41.60a | 8.18 ± 2.54a | 0.47 ± 0.11a |
MFI | 58.46 ± 5.45a | 9.13 ± 0.05a | 5.81 ± 0.05a | 156.81 ± 31.94a | 7.75 ± 1.55a | 0.41 ± 0.06a | |
CFI | 46.65 ± 3.35a | 9.09 ± 0.05a | 5.79 ± 0.05a | 99.19 ± 5.10a | 2.60 ± 1.19a | 0.22 ± 0.04a | |
BFR | 46.29 ± 3.96a | 9.86 ± 0.05a | 5.74 ± 0.05a | 84.60 ± 18.86a | 3.29 ± 1.09ab | 0.44 ± 0.05a | |
MFR | 48.75 ± 6.25a | 8.90 ± 0.12a | 5.91 ± 0.12a | 102.31 ± 21.54a | 5.25 ± 0.71a | 0.36 ± 0.04ab | |
CFR | 43.88 ± 0.75a | 9.10 ± 0.14a | 5.62 ± 0.14a | 106.16 ± 10.74a | 0.82 ± 0.13b | 0.26 ± 0.02b |
Fig. 1 Soil extractable humic substances content, humic acid content and fulvic acid content as affected by litter input in broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest in subalpine forests of western Sichuan (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate that the differences of extractable humic substances content, humic acid content and fulvic acid content between different measurement times within the same treatment are significant (p < 0.05). *, significant differences in soil humic substances content between litter treatments in the same measurement time (p < 0.05).
因子 Factor | 可提取腐殖质 EHS | 胡敏酸 HA | 富里酸 FA | 胡敏酸/富里酸 HA/FA | 胡敏酸/可提取腐殖质 PQ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
凋落物 Litter | 11.571** | 0.827 | 5.659* | 2.745 | 0.098 |
培养时间 Time | 73.835** | 28.137** | 38.713** | 10.653** | 4.263* |
林型 Type | 10.808** | 31.479** | 15.783** | 5.963** | 19.403** |
凋落物×时间 Litter × Time | 15.654** | 19.443** | 8.544** | 2.142 | 2.054 |
凋落物×林型 Litter × Type | 3.328 | 9.650** | 3.853* | 5.657* | 10.340** |
时间×林型 Time × Type | 8.584** | 8.011** | 12.489** | 5.838** | 7.266** |
凋落物×时间×林型 Litter × Time × Type | 1.111 | 5.777** | 4.080** | 4.936** | 8.496** |
Table 3 Results of three way ANOVA (F value) for testing the effects of litter, measurement time and forest type on soil extractable humic substances (EHS), humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) content, and the ratios of humic acid/fulvic acid (HA/FA) and humic acid/extractable humic substances (PQ) in subalpine forests of western Sichuan
因子 Factor | 可提取腐殖质 EHS | 胡敏酸 HA | 富里酸 FA | 胡敏酸/富里酸 HA/FA | 胡敏酸/可提取腐殖质 PQ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
凋落物 Litter | 11.571** | 0.827 | 5.659* | 2.745 | 0.098 |
培养时间 Time | 73.835** | 28.137** | 38.713** | 10.653** | 4.263* |
林型 Type | 10.808** | 31.479** | 15.783** | 5.963** | 19.403** |
凋落物×时间 Litter × Time | 15.654** | 19.443** | 8.544** | 2.142 | 2.054 |
凋落物×林型 Litter × Type | 3.328 | 9.650** | 3.853* | 5.657* | 10.340** |
时间×林型 Time × Type | 8.584** | 8.011** | 12.489** | 5.838** | 7.266** |
凋落物×时间×林型 Litter × Time × Type | 1.111 | 5.777** | 4.080** | 4.936** | 8.496** |
Fig. 2 Humic acid/fulvic acid ratio as affected by litter input in broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest in subalpine forests of western Sichuan (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate that the differences in humic acid/fulvic acid ratio between measurement times under given litter treatments are significant (p < 0.05). *, significant differences in humic acid/fulvic acid ratio between litter treatments in the same measurement time (p < 0.05).
Fig. 3 Humic acid/extractable humic substances ratio as affected by litter input in broad-leaved forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest in subalpine forests of western Sichuan (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate that the differences in humic acid/extractable humic substances ratio between measurement times are significant (p < 0.05). *, significant differences in humic acid/extractable humic substances ratio between litter treatments in the same measurement time (p < 0.05).
指标 Index | 凋落物输入 Soil retained litter | 凋落物去除 Soil removed litter | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EHS | HA | FA | HA/FA | PQ | EHS | HA | FA | HA/FA | PQ | |
SWC | 0.157 | 0.223 | 0.089 | 0.168 | -0.021 | 0.564** | 0.355 | 0.472* | -0.389* | -0.018 |
pH | -0.122 | -0.213 | -0.068 | 0.023 | 0.025 | -0.194 | -0.139 | -0.154 | -0.004 | 0.179 |
TM | -0.493** | -0.547** | -0.338 | 0.005 | 0.007 | -0.512** | -0.432* | -0.370 | 0.062 | 0.015 |
SOC | 0.578** | 0.707** | 0.366 | 0.105 | 0.025 | 0.755** | 0.409* | 0.656** | -0.399* | -0.107 |
TN | 0.414* | 0.513** | 0.257 | 0.181 | -0.012 | 0.658** | 0.418* | 0.546** | -0.185 | -0.127 |
TP | 0.338 | 0.218 | 0.315 | -0.181 | -0.156 | 0.314 | 0.387* | 0.182 | 0.218 | -0.055 |
Table 4 Correlations of soil humic substances with soil physical and chemical properties under different litter treatments in subalpine forests of western Sichuan
指标 Index | 凋落物输入 Soil retained litter | 凋落物去除 Soil removed litter | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EHS | HA | FA | HA/FA | PQ | EHS | HA | FA | HA/FA | PQ | |
SWC | 0.157 | 0.223 | 0.089 | 0.168 | -0.021 | 0.564** | 0.355 | 0.472* | -0.389* | -0.018 |
pH | -0.122 | -0.213 | -0.068 | 0.023 | 0.025 | -0.194 | -0.139 | -0.154 | -0.004 | 0.179 |
TM | -0.493** | -0.547** | -0.338 | 0.005 | 0.007 | -0.512** | -0.432* | -0.370 | 0.062 | 0.015 |
SOC | 0.578** | 0.707** | 0.366 | 0.105 | 0.025 | 0.755** | 0.409* | 0.656** | -0.399* | -0.107 |
TN | 0.414* | 0.513** | 0.257 | 0.181 | -0.012 | 0.658** | 0.418* | 0.546** | -0.185 | -0.127 |
TP | 0.338 | 0.218 | 0.315 | -0.181 | -0.156 | 0.314 | 0.387* | 0.182 | 0.218 | -0.055 |
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