Plant functional traits and ecological stoichiometric characteristics under water-salt gradient in the lakeshore zone of Bosten Lake

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims In order to explore the effects of different water and salt environments on the plant functional traits and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics at the lakeshore zone of Bosten Lake. The dominant plants and soil environmental factors in this area were selected to clarify the strategy of plant adaptation to the environments in this region.

Methods Eighteen sample plots were set up to investigate plant diversity. A total of 24 plant species including 8 shrubs and 16 herbaceous species were examined. The relationship between functional traits of plant leaves and soil environmental factors was tested using redundancy analysis method.

Important findings Our results showed that leaf functional traits varied considerably with the increasing water and salt content. Among plant traits, the chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf thickness (LT) and specific leaf area (SLA) were the greatest in low water and salt environments, while the leaf water content (LWC), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf dry mass (LDM) were greater in medium and high water and salt environments. The content of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of plant leaves and their stoichiometric ratios were highly variable, with the C:N being 9.35-26.51 and the range of C:P being 50.13-228.95. The range of N:P was 2.31-11.99, with the largest variation in C:P. The Leaf C content was significantly and positively correlated with LT, LDMC and LDM, and leaf N content was significantly and positively correlated with SPAD and LT, while leaf P content was significantly and positively correlated with LWC. Whereas, C:N and C:P were both significantly and positively correlated with LDMC, while N:P was not correlated with any of the leaf functional traits. SLA was not correlated with any of the leaf ecological stoichiometric characteristics. The correlation between environmental factors and the functional traits of the dominant plant leaves revealed that the environmental factors affecting the functional traits of plants differed between species.

Key words: water-salt gradient, functional trait, stoichiometric characteristic, wetland

WANG Jun-Qiang, LIU Bin, CHANG Feng, MA Zi-Jing, FAN Jia-Hui, HE Xiang-Ju, YOU Si-Xue, Aerziguli ABUDUREXITI, YANG Ying-Ke, SHEN Xin-Yan. Plant functional traits and ecological stoichiometric characteristics under water-salt gradient in the lakeshore zone of Bosten Lake[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(8): 961-970.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2022/V46/I8/961

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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样地编号 Site Number	群落类型 Community type	主要植物 Main plant
1	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
2	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、海乳草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Glaux maritima
3	III	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、海乳草、狗尾草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Glaux maritima, Setaria viridis
4	I	刚毛柽柳、芦苇、乳菀、芨芨草 Tamarix hispida, Phragmites australis, Galatella songorica, Achnatherum splendens
5	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
6	I	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、白刺、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Nitraria tangutorum, Phragmites australis
7	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
8	V	盐穗木、尖叶盐爪爪、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Kalidium cuspidatum, Suaeda salsa
9	V	盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
10	III	刚毛柽柳、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
11	III	刚毛柽柳、白刺、盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Tamarix hispida, Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
12	VI	白刺 Nitraria tangutorum
13	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
14	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
15	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
16	II	盐穗木、芦苇 Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis
17	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum
18	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum

样地编号 Site Number	群落类型 Community type	主要植物 Main plant
1	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
2	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、海乳草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Glaux maritima
3	III	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、海乳草、狗尾草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Glaux maritima, Setaria viridis
4	I	刚毛柽柳、芦苇、乳菀、芨芨草 Tamarix hispida, Phragmites australis, Galatella songorica, Achnatherum splendens
5	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
6	I	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、白刺、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Nitraria tangutorum, Phragmites australis
7	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
8	V	盐穗木、尖叶盐爪爪、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Kalidium cuspidatum, Suaeda salsa
9	V	盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
10	III	刚毛柽柳、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
11	III	刚毛柽柳、白刺、盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Tamarix hispida, Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
12	VI	白刺 Nitraria tangutorum
13	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
14	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
15	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
16	II	盐穗木、芦苇 Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis
17	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum
18	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum

物种 Species	水盐水平 Water and salt level	叶绿素含量 SPAD	叶片厚度 LT (mm)	比叶面积 SLA (cm²·g^-1)	叶片含水量 LWC (g·g^-1)	叶干物质含量 LDMC (g·g^-1)	叶干质量 LDM (g)
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW1	48.106	0.314	0.207	0.535	0.466	0.170
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW2	55.822	0.195	0.225	0.636	0.364	0.582
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW1	19.689	1.101	0.868	0.857	0.143	0.081
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW2	33.133	0.820	0.524	0.890	0.110	0.033
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW2	7.112	2.300	0.623	0.917	0.083	0.040
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW3	12.577	1.507	0.159	0.824	0.176	0.175
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	SW1	25.433	0.757	0.739	0.874	0.126	0.062
	SW2	63.350	2.233	0.556	0.690	0.310	0.062
	SW3	21.922	0.720	0.340	0.813	0.187	0.089
刚毛柽柳 Tamarix hispida	SW1	3.208	0.319	1.049	0.499	0.502	0.101
	SW2	1.842	0.347	1.400	0.779	0.222	0.033
	SW3	4.450	0.358	0.628	0.437	0.563	0.362
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW1	3.017	0.579	0.904	0.887	0.113	0.015
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW3	4.000	0.542	1.224	0.936	0.064	0.021

物种 Species	水盐水平 Water and salt level	叶绿素含量 SPAD	叶片厚度 LT (mm)	比叶面积 SLA (cm²·g^-1)	叶片含水量 LWC (g·g^-1)	叶干物质含量 LDMC (g·g^-1)	叶干质量 LDM (g)
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW1	48.106	0.314	0.207	0.535	0.466	0.170
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW2	55.822	0.195	0.225	0.636	0.364	0.582
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW1	19.689	1.101	0.868	0.857	0.143	0.081
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW2	33.133	0.820	0.524	0.890	0.110	0.033
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW2	7.112	2.300	0.623	0.917	0.083	0.040
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW3	12.577	1.507	0.159	0.824	0.176	0.175
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	SW1	25.433	0.757	0.739	0.874	0.126	0.062
	SW2	63.350	2.233	0.556	0.690	0.310	0.062
	SW3	21.922	0.720	0.340	0.813	0.187	0.089
刚毛柽柳 Tamarix hispida	SW1	3.208	0.319	1.049	0.499	0.502	0.101
	SW2	1.842	0.347	1.400	0.779	0.222	0.033
	SW3	4.450	0.358	0.628	0.437	0.563	0.362
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW1	3.017	0.579	0.904	0.887	0.113	0.015
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW3	4.000	0.542	1.224	0.936	0.064	0.021

指标 Indicator	C	N	P	C:N	C:P	N:P
SPAD	0.386	0.522^**	-0.062	-0.126	0.143	0.309
LT	0.485^*	0.441^*	0.368	-0.638^**	-0.576^**	-0.050
SLA	-0.196	-0.333	0.076	0.172	0.028	-0.154
LWC	-0.611^**	0.096	0.428^*	-0.403^*	-0.519^**	-0.248
LDMC	0.611^**	-0.096	-0.428^*	0.403^*	0.519^**	0.248
LDM	0.600^**	0.200	-0.074	0.141	0.225	0.151