Numerical classification of associations in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest based on multivariate regression trees―a case study of 24 hm 2 Gutianshan forest plot in China

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims A 24 hm² permanent plot in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve provided a valuable case for association classification in evergreen broad-leaved forest. Our objectives were to divide the forest community into associations to provide a new classification of evergreen broad-leaved forest and introduce the algorithm of indicator value for species in associations. Indicator species previously could not be quantified.

Methods We used multivariate regression trees, based on topographic factors and species composition, for association classification. An indicator value was introduced to quantify the indicator species of associations. We named associations after the dominant species in the tree layer, followed by indicator species of lower tree layers.

Important findings The forest community was divided into three associations that not only reflect temporal and spatial disjunctions of the community, but also correspond with features of the basic unit of vegetation classification. The three associations are 1) Raphiolepis indica + Chimonanthus salicifolius―Eurya muricata + Syzygium buxifolium―Schima superba + Castanopsis eyrei Association; 2) Rhododendron simsii + Rhododendron mariesii―Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata + Corylopsis glandulifera var. hypoglauca―Pinus massoniana + Castanopsis eyrei Association; and 3) Vaccinium carlesii + Camellia fraterna―Distylium myricoides + Neolitsea aurata―Schima superba + Castanopsis eyrei Association.

Key words: habitat, indicator species, indicator value, topography factor, vegetation classification

LAI Jiang-Shan, MI Xiang-Cheng, REN Hai-Bao, MA Ke-Ping. Numerical classification of associations in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest based on multivariate regression trees―a case study of 24 hm ² Gutianshan forest plot in China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(7): 761-769.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.001

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I7/761

Figures/Tables 6

References 30

[1]	Cao MC (曹铭昌), Zhou GS (周广胜), Weng ES (翁恩生) (2005). Application and comparison of generalized models and classification and regression tree in simulating tree species distribution. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 25, 2031-2040. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Chen HW (陈宏伟), Wang XP (王献溥), Yu SL (于顺利) (2008). Association classification of disturbed Castanop- sis fabri forests in Guangxi Province. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College (浙江林学院学报), 25, 169-175.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Chen JH (陈建华), Feng ZJ (冯志坚) (2002). Study on geographical compositions of seed plant flora in Gutianshan Mountain of Zhejiang Province. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science) 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版)), 1, 104-111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Condit R (1998). Tropical Forest Census Plots: Methods and Results from Barro Colorado Island, Panama and Comparison with Other Plots. Springer, Berlin.
[5]	De’Ath G (2002). Multivariate regression trees: a new technique for modeling species-environment relationships. Ecology, 83, 1105-1117.
[6]	De’Ath G (2006). mvpart: multivariate partitioning. R package version 1.2-4. http://cran.r-project.org/
[7]	De’Ath G, Fabricius KE (2000). Classification and regression trees: a powerful yet simple technique for ecological data analysis. Ecology, 81, 3178-3192.
[8]	Dufrene M, Legendre P (1997). Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological Monographs, 67, 345-366.
[9]	Fang JY (方精云), Shen ZH (沈泽昊), Cui HT (崔海亭) (2004). Ecological characteristics of mountains and research issues of mountain ecology. Biodiversity Science (生物多样性), 12, 10-19.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Gong GQ (宫贵权), Cheng JM (程积民), Mi XC (米湘成), Chen SW (陈胜文), Fang T (方腾) (2007). Habitat associations of woody species in the Gutianshan subtropical broad-leaved evergreen forest. Science of Soil and Water Conservation (中国水土保持学报), 5(3), 79-83. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Harms KE, Condit R, Hubbell SP, Foster RB (2001). Habitat associations of trees and shrubs in a 50-ha neotropical forest plot. Journal of Ecology, 89, 947-959.
[12]	Hu ZH (胡正华), Yu MJ (于明坚), Ding BY (丁炳扬), Fang T (方腾), Qian HY (钱海源), Chen QC (陈启瑺) (2003). Types of evergreen broad-leaved forests and their species diversity in Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology (应用与环境生物学报), 9, 341-345. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Lai JS (赖江山) (2008). Species Habitat Associations and Species Coexistence on Evergreen Broadleaved Forest in Gutianshan, Zhejiang (古田山常绿阔叶林物种生境关联及其对物种共存的贡献) PhD dissertation, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	Lai J, Mi X, Ren H, Ma K (2009). Species-habitat associations change in a subtropical forest of China. Journal of Vegetation Science, 20, 415-423.
[15]	Lou LH (楼炉焕), Jin SH (金水虎) (2000). Spermatophyta flora of Gutianshan Nature Reserve in Zhejiang. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 22(5), 33-39.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Roberts DW (2006). labdsv: Laboratory for Dynamic Synthetic Vegephenomenology. R package version 1.2-2. http://cran.r-project.org/
[17]	Song YC (宋永昌) (2001). Vegetation Ecology (植被生态学). East China Normal University Press, Shanghai. (in Chinese)
[18]	Song YC (宋永昌) (2004). Tentative classification scheme of evergreen broad-leaved forests of China. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 28, 435-448. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Vayssieres MP, Plant RE, Allen-Diaz BH (2000). Classification trees: an alternative non-parametric approach for predicting species distributions. Journal of Vegetation Science, 11, 679-694.
[20]	Valencia R, Foster RB, Villa G, Condit R, Svenning JC, Hernandez C, Romoleroux K, Losos E, Magard E, Balslev H (2004). Tree species distributions and local habitat variation in the Amazon: large forest plot in eastern Ecuador. Journal of Ecology, 92, 214-229.
[21]	Wang XP (王献溥) (2000). The study of Schima argentea forest classification in Guangxi. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 22(4), 72-88.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	Wang XP (王献溥), Guo K (郭柯), Qin HL (覃海宁) (2005). A study on Castanopsis fargesii forest classification in Guangxi. Bulletin of Botanical Research (植物研究), 25, 97-104, 249-256, 376-384, 508-517. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	Wang XP (王献溥), Jiang GM (蒋高明) (2000). The study of classification and geographical distribution of evergreen broad-leaved forest in Guangxi. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research (武汉植物学研究), 18, 195-205. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	Wang XP (王献溥), Jiang GM (蒋高明) (2002). The study of Castanopsis kawakami forest classification in Guang- xi. Guihaia (广西植物), 22, 97-104.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	Wang XP (王献溥), Li JQ (李俊清) (1999). Classification and succession of Schima superba forest in Guangxi. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment (植物资源与环境), 8(3), 18-28.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	Wang XP (王献溥), Yu SL (于顺利), Chen HW (陈宏伟) (2008). Classification of Castanopsis fissa forest in Guangxi of China. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment (植物资源与环境学报), 17, 13-23.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	Wu ZY (吴征镒) (1980). Vegetation of China (中国植被). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[28]	Xie YH (谢益辉) (2007). The application of the classification and regression tree based on the package rpart in R-Language. Statistics & Information Forum (统计与信息论坛), 22(5), 67-70. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]	Yu MJ (于明坚), Hu ZH (胡正华), Yu JP (余建平), Ding BY (丁炳杨), Fang T (方腾) (2001). Forest vegetation types in Gutianshan Natural Reserve in Zhejiang. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture & Life Science) 浙江大学学报(农业和生命科学版)), 27, 375-380. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	Zhang JT (张金屯) (2005). Quantitative Ecology (数量生态学). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)

物种 Species	群丛1 Asso. 1		群丛2 Asso. 2		群丛3 Asso. 3		层次 Layer
物种 Species	优势度 Dominance	排序Order	优势度 Dominance	排序order	优势度 Dominance	排序Order	层次 Layer
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	0.40	1	0.25	1	0.27	1	T
木荷 Schima superba	0.19	2	0.19	3	0.18	2	T
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	0.13	3	0.21	2	0.05	3	T
短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	0.04	4	0.13	4	0.01	17	U

物种 Species	群丛1 Asso. 1		群丛2 Asso. 2		群丛3 Asso. 3		层次 Layer
物种 Species	优势度 Dominance	排序Order	优势度 Dominance	排序order	优势度 Dominance	排序Order	层次 Layer
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	0.40	1	0.25	1	0.27	1	T
木荷 Schima superba	0.19	2	0.19	3	0.18	2	T
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	0.13	3	0.21	2	0.05	3	T
短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	0.04	4	0.13	4	0.01	17	U

群丛1 Asso. 1				群丛2 Asso. 2				群丛3 Asso. 3
物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form	物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form	物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	48	U	E	满山红Rhododendron mariesii	71	S	D	毛花连蕊茶Camellia fraterna	62	S	E
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	44	T	E	灰白蜡瓣花 Corylopsis glandulifera var. hypoglauca	69	U	D	红楠 Machilus thunbergii	60	T	E
格药柃 Eurya muricata	41	U	E	映山红Rhododendron simsii	68	S	D	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	57	T	E
马银花Rhododendron ovatum	40	U	E	短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	64	U	D	丝栗栲Castanopsis fargesii	53	T	E
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	38	U	E	马尾松 Pinus massoniana	52	T	E	香桂Cinnamomum subavenium	51	T	E
柳叶蜡梅Chimonanthus salicifolius	37	S	E	毛果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia var. hebecarpa	47	U	D	浙江新木姜子Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	50	U	E
石斑木 Raphiolepis indica	33	S	E	江南越桔Vaccinium mandarinorum	46	U	E	矩形叶鼠刺 Itea oblonga	49	U	D
豹皮樟 Litsea coreana var. sinensis	19	T	E	山合欢 Albizia kalkora	44	T	D	杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	48	U	E
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia	04	U	E	乌饭树 Vaccinium bracteatum	44	S	E	麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	46	U	E
香冬青 Ilex suaveolens	03	T	E	木荷 Schima superba	43	T	E	短尾越桔Vaccinium carlesii	44	S	E

群丛1 Asso. 1				群丛2 Asso. 2				群丛3 Asso. 3
物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form	物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form	物种 Species	指示值 Indicator value	层次 Layer	生活型 Life- form
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	48	U	E	满山红Rhododendron mariesii	71	S	D	毛花连蕊茶Camellia fraterna	62	S	E
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	44	T	E	灰白蜡瓣花 Corylopsis glandulifera var. hypoglauca	69	U	D	红楠 Machilus thunbergii	60	T	E
格药柃 Eurya muricata	41	U	E	映山红Rhododendron simsii	68	S	D	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	57	T	E
马银花Rhododendron ovatum	40	U	E	短柄枹 Quercus serrata var. brevipetiolata	64	U	D	丝栗栲Castanopsis fargesii	53	T	E
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	38	U	E	马尾松 Pinus massoniana	52	T	E	香桂Cinnamomum subavenium	51	T	E
柳叶蜡梅Chimonanthus salicifolius	37	S	E	毛果南烛 Lyonia ovalifolia var. hebecarpa	47	U	D	浙江新木姜子Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	50	U	E
石斑木 Raphiolepis indica	33	S	E	江南越桔Vaccinium mandarinorum	46	U	E	矩形叶鼠刺 Itea oblonga	49	U	D
豹皮樟 Litsea coreana var. sinensis	19	T	E	山合欢 Albizia kalkora	44	T	D	杨梅叶蚊母树 Distylium myricoides	48	U	E
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia	04	U	E	乌饭树 Vaccinium bracteatum	44	S	E	麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	46	U	E
香冬青 Ilex suaveolens	03	T	E	木荷 Schima superba	43	T	E	短尾越桔Vaccinium carlesii	44	S	E

	群丛1 Asso. 1	群丛2 Asso. 2	群丛3 Asso. 3
面积 Area (hm²)	12.4	3.32	8.28
丰富度 Richness	145	108	145
个体密度 Individual density (stem· hm^-2)	5 260	9 961	5 121
平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm)	5.73	3.95	5.32

Numerical classification of associations in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest based on multivariate regression trees―a case study of 24 hm ² Gutianshan forest plot in China

FullText

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 30

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Jia WEN Xin-Na ZHANG 娟王 Xiu-Hai ZHAO Chun-Yu ZHANG. Responses of seedling survival rate to neighbor competition and environmental variables regulated by traits [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(预发表): 0-0.
[2]	DONG Shao-Qiong, HOU Dong-Jie, QU Xiao-Yun, GUO Ke. A plot-based dataset of plant communities on the Qaidam Basin, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(4): 534-540.
[3]	MA Chang-Qin, HUANG Hai-Long, PENG Zheng-Lin, WU Chun-Ze, WEI Qing-Yu, JIA Hong-Tao, WEI Xing. Response of compound leaf types and photosynthetic function of male and female Fraxinus mandschurica to different habitats [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(9): 1287-1297.
[4]	FENG Shan-Shan, HUANG Chun-Hui, TANG Meng-Yun, JIANG Wei-Xin, BAI Tian-Dao. Geographical variation of needles phenotypic and anatomic traits between populations of Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia and its environmental interpretation [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(8): 1116-1130.
[5]	FENG Ke, LIU Dong-Mei, ZHANG Qi, AN Jing, HE Shuang-Hui. Effect of tourism disturbance on soil microbial diversity and community structure in a Pinus tabuliformis forest [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(4): 584-596.
[6]	SHI Dang, GUO Chuan-Chao, JIANG Nan-Lin, TANG Ying-Ying, ZHENG Feng, WANG Jin, LIAO Kang, LIU Li-Qiang. Characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of natural regeneration young plants of Prunus armeniaca in Xinjiang, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(4): 515-529.
[7]	WANG Jing-Jing, WANG Jia-Hao, HUANG Zhi-Yun, Vanessa Chiamaka OKECHUKW, HU Die, QI Shan-Shan, DAI Zhi-Cong, DU Dao-Lin. Effects of endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the growth strategy of an invasive plant Sphagneticola trilobata under different nitrogen levels [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(2): 195-205.
[8]	JIN Yi-Li, WANG Hao-Yan, WEI Lin-Feng, HOU Ying, HU Jing, WU Kai, XIA Hao-Jun, XIA Jie, ZHOU Bo-Rui, LI Kai, NI Jian. A plot-based dataset of plant community on the Qingzang Plateau [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(7): 846-854.
[9]	YU Qiu-Wu, YANG Jing, SHEN Guo-Chun. Relationship between canopy structure and species composition of an evergreen broadleaf forest in Tiantong region, Zhejiang, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(5): 529-538.
[10]	WANG Guo-Hong, GUO Ke, XIE Zong-Qiang, TANG Zhi-Yao, JIANG Yan-Ling, FANG Jing-Yun. Interpretations, supplements, and modifications of some protocols for compiling Vegegraphy of China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(3): 368-372.
[11]	MENG Qing-Jing, FAN Wei-Guo. Calcium-tolerance type and adaptability to high-calcium habitats of Rosa roxburghii [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(12): 1562-1572.
[12]	HE Zhong-Quan, LIU Chang-Cheng, CAI Xian-Li, GUO Ke. Types and community characteristics of karst mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests in the central Guizhou Plateau, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(6): 670-680.
[13]	ZHOU Ming-Xing, LI Deng-Qiu, ZOU Jian-Jun. Vegetation change of giant panda habitats in Qionglai Mountains through dense Landsat Data [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(4): 355-369.
[14]	ZHONG Yu-Chen, WANG Bin, FANG Zhong-Ping, XU Xiao-Zhong, YU Ming-Jian. Seed predation and dispersal pattern of Fagaceae species in a fragmented landscape, eastern China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(2): 154-162.
[15]	OU Wen-Hui, LIU Ya-Heng, LI Na, XU Zhi-Yan, PENG Qiu-Tong, YANG Yu-Jing, LI Zhong-Qiang. Testing multiple hypotheses for the richness pattern of macrophyte in the Qaidam Basin of Northwest China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(11): 1213-1220.