Vegetation mapping of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua, Zhejiang, based on high-resolution remote sensing image and intensive vegetation survey

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0371

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Vegetation map illustrates the vegetation types and their spatial distribution patterns of a given area, which is an important foundation for investigating fundamental ecology such as vegetation feature and biodiversity study, as well as applied ecology such as vegetation restoration and management. The aim of this research is to chart a high-resolution local vegetation map of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, a middle subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest region in eastern China.

Methods A digital vegetation map with very high spatial resolution at the 1:60 000 scale in a 65.5 km² area in the middle part of the southern slope of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua was produced, based on high-resolution of 1-4 m satellite (GF-2) remote sensing images and intensive field vegetation surveys of 3 774 sites and 24 plots. The Geographical Information System (ArcGIS) and remote sensing image processing software (ENVI) were further utilized to conduct the mapping.

Important findings 1) High-resolution remote sensing images and a large quantity of vegetation records characterized the vegetation pattern on the southern slope of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua. The vegetation was divided into 7 Vegetation Formation Groups, 22 Vegetation Formations, 25 Vegetation Subformations, 60 Alliance Groups, and 76 Alliances. 2) In the 65.5 km²area on the southern slope of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua, the vegetation coverage of mapping area is about 93.0%. Among these vegetation areas, forest (66.1%), agricultural vegetation (14.7%) and shrubland (10.5%) are the main three vegetation types. 3) The three widely distributed alliances are Pinus massoniana forest in an area of 10.6 km² and distributed below 900 m in altitude, Pinus massoniana - deciduous broadleaf mixed forest in an area of 7.4 km² and distributed between 108 and 946 m, and Schima superba forest in an area of 5.3 km² and distributed in 100-1 037 m. This is a case study of vegetation mapping at a big mapping scale. Such study can provide fundamental data for the high-resolution regional and national vegetation mappings at multiple scales, research of vegetation science, and vegetation service and management.

Key words: evergreen broadleaf forest, vegetation map, remote sensing, vegetation classification, regional vegetation distribution

ZHENG Ya-Wen, FAN Hai-Dong, LIU Li-Bin, NI Jian. Vegetation mapping of Beishan Mountain in Jinhua, Zhejiang, based on high-resolution remote sensing image and intensive vegetation survey[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(11): 1471-1485.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0371

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Figures/Tables 7

References 36

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卫星名称 Satellite name	编号 Serial number	拍摄时间 Shooting time	数据类型 Data type	空间分辨率 Spatial resolution	级别 Level	坐标系 Coordinate system	幅宽 Swath width
高分二号 GF-2	1	2016-03-01	全色+多光谱 Panchromatic + multispectral	全色: 1 m; 多光谱: 4 m Panchromatic: 1 m; Multispectral: 4 m	1A	WGS-1984	45 km
	2	2015-12-18
	3	2015-12-18

卫星名称 Satellite name	编号 Serial number	拍摄时间 Shooting time	数据类型 Data type	空间分辨率 Spatial resolution	级别 Level	坐标系 Coordinate system	幅宽 Swath width
高分二号 GF-2	1	2016-03-01	全色+多光谱 Panchromatic + multispectral	全色: 1 m; 多光谱: 4 m Panchromatic: 1 m; Multispectral: 4 m	1A	WGS-1984	45 km
	2	2015-12-18
	3	2015-12-18

植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group	植被型 Vegetation Formation	植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation	群系组 Alliance Group	群系 Alliance
一森林 Forest	I. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	1. 暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(1) 暖性金钱松林 Subtropical Pseudolarix Forest	1) 金钱松林 Pseudolarix amabilis Forest
	I. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	1. 暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(2) 暖性水杉林 Subtropical Metasequoia Forest	2) 水杉林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides Forest
	II. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	2. 温性常绿针叶林 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	(3) 温性松林 Temperate Pinus Forest	3) 黄山松林 Pinus taiwanensis Forest
			(4) 温性柳杉林 Temperate Cryptomeria Forest	4) 柳杉林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis Forest
			(5) 温性扁柏林 Temperate Chamaecyparis Forest	5) 日本扁柏林 Chamaecyparis obtusa Forest
			(5) 温性扁柏林 Temperate Chamaecyparis Forest	6) 绒柏林 Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Squarrosa’ Forest
		3. 暖性常绿针叶林 Subtropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	(6) 暖性松林 Subtropical Pinus Forest	7) 马尾松林 Pinus massoniana Forest
			(7) 暖性杉木林 Subtropical Cunninghamia Forest	8) 杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata Forest
			(8) 暖性刺柏林 Subtropical Juniperus Forest	9) 刺柏林 Juniperus formosana Forest
			(9) 暖性柏木林 Subtropical Cupressus Forest	10) 柏木林 Cupressus funebris Forest
	III. 常绿与落叶针叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	4. 温性常绿与落叶针叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(10) 温性柳杉-落叶针叶混交林 Temperate Cryptomeria - Deciduous Needleleaf Mixed Forest	11) 柳杉+金钱松林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Pseudolarix amabilis Forest
				12) 柳杉+水杉林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Metasequoia glyptostroboides Forest
	IV. 针叶与阔叶混交林 Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	5. 温性针叶与阔叶混交林 Temperate Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	(11) 温性松-阔叶混交林 Temperate Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	13) 黄山松+枫香树+栓皮栎林 Pinus taiwanensis + Liquidambar formosana + Quercus variabilis Forest
			(11) 温性松-阔叶混交林 Temperate Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	14) 黄山松+木荷混交林 Pinus taiwanensis + Schima superba Forest
			(12) 温性柳杉-阔叶混交林 Temperate Cryptomeria - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	15) 柳杉+厚朴林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Houpoea officinalis Forest
		6. 暖性针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	(13) 暖性金钱松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pseudolarix - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	16) 金钱松+枫香树林 Pseudolarix amabilis + Liquidambar formosana Forest
			(14) 暖性水杉-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Metasequoia - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	17) 水杉+枫杨林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides + Pterocarya stenoptera Forest
				18) 水杉+樟林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides + Camphora officinarum Forest
			(15) 暖性松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	19) 马尾松+落叶阔叶混交林 Pinus massoniana + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
			(15) 暖性松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	20) 马尾松+常绿阔叶混交林 Pinus massoniana + Evergreen Broadleaf Mixed Forest
			(16) 暖性杉木-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Cunninghamia - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	21) 杉木+落叶阔叶混交林 Cunninghamia lanceolata + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
				22) 杉木+常绿阔叶混交林 Cunninghamia lanceolata + Evergreen Broadleaf Mixed Forest
	V. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	7. 暖性落叶阔叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	(17) 枫香林 Liquidambar Forest	23) 枫香树林 Liquidambar formosana Forest
			(18) 栎林 Quercus Forest	24) 栎林 Quercus spp. Forest
			(19) 栗林 Castanea Forest	25) 栗林 Castanea spp. Forest
			(20) 化香林 Platycarya Forest	26) 化香树林 Platycarya strobilacea Forest
			(21) 黄檀林 Dalbergia Forest	27) 黄檀林 Dalbergia hupeana Forest
			(22) 杂木林 Mixed Woods Forest	28) 杂木人工林 Mixed Woods Artificial Forest
一森林 Forest	VI. 常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	8. 亚热带常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	(23) 木荷-落叶阔叶混交林 Schima - Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest	29) 木荷+落叶阔叶混交林 Schima superba + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
	VII. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest	9. 典型亚热带常绿阔叶林 Typical Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Forest	(24) 木荷林 Schima Forest	30) 木荷林 Schima superba Forest
			(25) 锥林 Castanopsis Forest	31) 苦槠林 Castanopsis sclerophylla Forest
			(26) 樟林 Camphora Forest	32) 樟林 Camphora officinarum Forest
	VIII. 竹林 Bamboo Forest	10. 暖性竹林 Subtropical Bamboo Forest	(27) 竹林 Bamboo Forest	33) 毛竹林 Phyllostachys edulis Forest
二灌丛 Shrubland	IX. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland	11. 暖性落叶阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland	(28) 盐肤木灌丛 Rhus Shrubland	34) 盐麸木灌丛 Rhus chinensis Shrubland
			(29) 绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea Shrubland	35) 粉花绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea japonica Shrubland
			(30) 化香树灌丛 Platycarya Shrubland	36) 化香树灌丛 Platycarya strobilacea Shrubland
			(31) 黄檀灌丛 Dalbergia Shrubland	37) 黄檀灌丛 Dalbergia hupeana Shrubland
			(32) 胡枝子灌丛 Lespedeza Shrubland	38) 胡枝子灌丛 Lespedeza bicolor Shrubland
			(33) 绣球灌丛 Hydrangea Shrubland	39) 圆锥绣球灌丛 Hydrangea paniculata Shrubland
			(34) 八角枫灌丛 Alangium Shrubland	40) 八角枫灌丛 Alangium chinense Shrubland
			(35) 胡颓子灌丛 Elaeagnus Shrubland	41) 木半夏灌丛 Elaeagnus multiflora Shrubland
			(36) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera Shrubland	42) 红果山胡椒灌丛 Lindera erythrocarpa Shrubland
			(36) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera Shrubland	43) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera glauca Shrubland
			(37) 木姜子灌丛 Litsea Shrubland	44) 山鸡椒灌丛 Litsea cubeba Shrubland
			(38) 檵木灌丛 Loropetalum Shrubland	45) 檵木灌丛 Loropetalum chinense Shrubland
			(39) 牡荆灌丛 Vitex Shrubland	46) 黄荆灌丛 Vitex negundo Shrubland
			(40) 葛灌丛 Pueraria Shrubland	47) 葛灌丛 Pueraria montana var. lobata Shrubland
	X. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland	12. 暖性常绿阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland	(41) 青冈灌丛 Quercus Shrubland	48) 青冈灌丛 Quercus glauca Shrubland
			(41) 青冈灌丛 Quercus Shrubland	49) 褐叶青冈灌丛 Quercus stewardiana Shrubland
			(42) 柯灌丛 Lithocarpus Shrubland	50) 短尾柯灌丛 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus Shrubland
			(43) 山茶灌丛 Camellia Shrubland	51) 毛柄连蕊茶灌丛 Camellia fraterna Shrubland
			(44) 柃灌丛 Eurya Shrubland	52) 柃灌丛 Eurya spp. Shrubland
			(45) 蒲桃灌丛 Syzygium Shrubland	53) 赤楠灌丛 Syzygium buxifolium Shrubland
			(46) 杜鹃花灌丛 Rhododendron Shrubland	54) 马银花灌丛 Rhododendron ovatum Shrubland
			(47) 油麻藤灌丛 Mucuna Shrubland	55) 油麻藤灌丛 Mucuna sempervirens Shrubland
	XI. 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland	13. 暖性竹丛 Subtropical Bamboo Shrubland	(48) 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland	56) 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland
三草本植被 Herbaceous Vegetation	XII. 丛生禾草草丛 Tussock Grassland	14. 亚热带丛生禾草草丛 Subtropical Tussock Grassland	(49) 芒草丛 Miscanthus Tussock Grassland	57) 芒草丛 Miscanthus sinensis Tussock Grassland
	XIII. 杂类草草丛 Forb Grassland	15. 亚热带杂类草草丛 Subtropical Forb Grassland	(50) 杂类草草丛 Forb Grassland	58) 撂荒杂类草草丛 Abandoned Forb Grassland
	XIV. 灌草丛 Shrubby Grassland	16. 亚热带灌草丛 Subtropical Shrubby Grassland	(51) 禾草灌草丛 Grass Shrubby Grassland	59) 粉花绣线菊-芒灌草丛 Spiraea japonica - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				60) 盐麸木-芒灌草丛 Rhus chinensis - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				61) 红果山胡椒-芒灌草丛 Lindera erythrocarpa - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				62) 山胡椒-芒灌草丛 Lindera glauca - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				63) 黄荆-白茅+芒灌草丛 Vitex negundo - Imperata cylindrica + Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				64) 黄檀-芒灌草丛 Dalbergia hupeana - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				65) 榔榆-芒灌草丛 Ulmus parvifolia - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				66) 葛-芒灌草丛 Pueraria montana var. lobata - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				67) 竹丛-芒灌草丛 Bamboo - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
四沼泽与水生植被 Swamp and Aquatic Vegetation	XV. 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation	17. 亚热带水生植被 Subtropical Aquatic Vegetation	(52) 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation	68) 水体水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation in Water Bodies
五农业植被 Agricultural Vegetation	XVI. 粮食作物 Food Crop	18. 亚热带粮食作物 Subtropical Food Crop	(53) 一年两熟水旱粮食作物 Two Crops Annually Containing Upland and Irrigation Food Crops	69) 水稻、番薯、蔬菜粮食作物 Oryza sativa, Ipomoea batatas, Vegetable Food Crops
	XVII. 饮料作物 Beverage Crop	19. 亚热带饮料作物 Subtropical Beverage Crop	(54) 常绿饮料作物 Evergreen Beverage Crop	70) 茶园 Camellia sinensis Garden
	XVIII. 果园 Orchard	20. 亚热带果园 Subtropical Orchard	(55) 常绿和落叶果园 Evergreen and Deciduous Orchard	71) 柑橘、佛手、枇杷、杨梅、梨、桃果园 Citrus reticulata, Citrus medica cv. Fingered, Eriobotrya japonica, Myrica rubra, Pyrus spp., Amygdalus persica Orchard
	XIX. 花卉园 Flower Garden	21. 亚热带花卉园 Subtropical Flower Garden	(56) 常绿和落叶花卉苗木园 Evergreen and Deciduous Flower and Nursery Garden	72) 桂花、茶花、罗汉松、樱花、槭花卉苗木园 Osmanthus fragrans, Camellia japonica, Podocarpus macrophyllus, Prunus spp., Acer spp. Flower and Nursery Garden
六城市植被 Urban Vegetation	XX. 城市森林 Urban Forest	22. 亚热带城市森林 Subtropical Urban Forest	(57) 城市森林 Urban Forest	73) 城市森林 Urban Forest
六城市植被 Urban Vegetation	XXI. 城市行道树和城市公园植被 Urban Street Tree and Urban Park Vegetation	23. 亚热带城市行道树和城市公园植被 Subtropical Urban Street Tree and Urban Park Vegetation	(58) 城市绿地 Urban Green Space	74) 城市绿地 Urban Green Space
七无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	XXII. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	24. 道路和建筑 Road and Building	(59) 道路和建筑 Road and Building	75) 道路和建筑 Road and Building
七无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	XXII. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	25. 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground	(60) 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground	76) 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground

植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group	植被型 Vegetation Formation	植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation	群系组 Alliance Group	群系 Alliance
一森林 Forest	I. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	1. 暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(1) 暖性金钱松林 Subtropical Pseudolarix Forest	1) 金钱松林 Pseudolarix amabilis Forest
	I. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	1. 暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(2) 暖性水杉林 Subtropical Metasequoia Forest	2) 水杉林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides Forest
	II. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	2. 温性常绿针叶林 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	(3) 温性松林 Temperate Pinus Forest	3) 黄山松林 Pinus taiwanensis Forest
			(4) 温性柳杉林 Temperate Cryptomeria Forest	4) 柳杉林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis Forest
			(5) 温性扁柏林 Temperate Chamaecyparis Forest	5) 日本扁柏林 Chamaecyparis obtusa Forest
			(5) 温性扁柏林 Temperate Chamaecyparis Forest	6) 绒柏林 Chamaecyparis pisifera ‘Squarrosa’ Forest
		3. 暖性常绿针叶林 Subtropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest	(6) 暖性松林 Subtropical Pinus Forest	7) 马尾松林 Pinus massoniana Forest
			(7) 暖性杉木林 Subtropical Cunninghamia Forest	8) 杉木林 Cunninghamia lanceolata Forest
			(8) 暖性刺柏林 Subtropical Juniperus Forest	9) 刺柏林 Juniperus formosana Forest
			(9) 暖性柏木林 Subtropical Cupressus Forest	10) 柏木林 Cupressus funebris Forest
	III. 常绿与落叶针叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	4. 温性常绿与落叶针叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Needleleaf Forest	(10) 温性柳杉-落叶针叶混交林 Temperate Cryptomeria - Deciduous Needleleaf Mixed Forest	11) 柳杉+金钱松林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Pseudolarix amabilis Forest
				12) 柳杉+水杉林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Metasequoia glyptostroboides Forest
	IV. 针叶与阔叶混交林 Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	5. 温性针叶与阔叶混交林 Temperate Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	(11) 温性松-阔叶混交林 Temperate Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	13) 黄山松+枫香树+栓皮栎林 Pinus taiwanensis + Liquidambar formosana + Quercus variabilis Forest
			(11) 温性松-阔叶混交林 Temperate Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	14) 黄山松+木荷混交林 Pinus taiwanensis + Schima superba Forest
			(12) 温性柳杉-阔叶混交林 Temperate Cryptomeria - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	15) 柳杉+厚朴林 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis + Houpoea officinalis Forest
		6. 暖性针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest	(13) 暖性金钱松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pseudolarix - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	16) 金钱松+枫香树林 Pseudolarix amabilis + Liquidambar formosana Forest
			(14) 暖性水杉-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Metasequoia - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	17) 水杉+枫杨林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides + Pterocarya stenoptera Forest
				18) 水杉+樟林 Metasequoia glyptostroboides + Camphora officinarum Forest
			(15) 暖性松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	19) 马尾松+落叶阔叶混交林 Pinus massoniana + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
			(15) 暖性松-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Pinus - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	20) 马尾松+常绿阔叶混交林 Pinus massoniana + Evergreen Broadleaf Mixed Forest
			(16) 暖性杉木-阔叶混交林 Subtropical Cunninghamia - Broadleaf Mixed Forest	21) 杉木+落叶阔叶混交林 Cunninghamia lanceolata + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
				22) 杉木+常绿阔叶混交林 Cunninghamia lanceolata + Evergreen Broadleaf Mixed Forest
	V. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	7. 暖性落叶阔叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	(17) 枫香林 Liquidambar Forest	23) 枫香树林 Liquidambar formosana Forest
			(18) 栎林 Quercus Forest	24) 栎林 Quercus spp. Forest
			(19) 栗林 Castanea Forest	25) 栗林 Castanea spp. Forest
			(20) 化香林 Platycarya Forest	26) 化香树林 Platycarya strobilacea Forest
			(21) 黄檀林 Dalbergia Forest	27) 黄檀林 Dalbergia hupeana Forest
			(22) 杂木林 Mixed Woods Forest	28) 杂木人工林 Mixed Woods Artificial Forest
一森林 Forest	VI. 常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	8. 亚热带常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest	(23) 木荷-落叶阔叶混交林 Schima - Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest	29) 木荷+落叶阔叶混交林 Schima superba + Deciduous Broadleaf Mixed Forest
	VII. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest	9. 典型亚热带常绿阔叶林 Typical Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Forest	(24) 木荷林 Schima Forest	30) 木荷林 Schima superba Forest
			(25) 锥林 Castanopsis Forest	31) 苦槠林 Castanopsis sclerophylla Forest
			(26) 樟林 Camphora Forest	32) 樟林 Camphora officinarum Forest
	VIII. 竹林 Bamboo Forest	10. 暖性竹林 Subtropical Bamboo Forest	(27) 竹林 Bamboo Forest	33) 毛竹林 Phyllostachys edulis Forest
二灌丛 Shrubland	IX. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland	11. 暖性落叶阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland	(28) 盐肤木灌丛 Rhus Shrubland	34) 盐麸木灌丛 Rhus chinensis Shrubland
			(29) 绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea Shrubland	35) 粉花绣线菊灌丛 Spiraea japonica Shrubland
			(30) 化香树灌丛 Platycarya Shrubland	36) 化香树灌丛 Platycarya strobilacea Shrubland
			(31) 黄檀灌丛 Dalbergia Shrubland	37) 黄檀灌丛 Dalbergia hupeana Shrubland
			(32) 胡枝子灌丛 Lespedeza Shrubland	38) 胡枝子灌丛 Lespedeza bicolor Shrubland
			(33) 绣球灌丛 Hydrangea Shrubland	39) 圆锥绣球灌丛 Hydrangea paniculata Shrubland
			(34) 八角枫灌丛 Alangium Shrubland	40) 八角枫灌丛 Alangium chinense Shrubland
			(35) 胡颓子灌丛 Elaeagnus Shrubland	41) 木半夏灌丛 Elaeagnus multiflora Shrubland
			(36) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera Shrubland	42) 红果山胡椒灌丛 Lindera erythrocarpa Shrubland
			(36) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera Shrubland	43) 山胡椒灌丛 Lindera glauca Shrubland
			(37) 木姜子灌丛 Litsea Shrubland	44) 山鸡椒灌丛 Litsea cubeba Shrubland
			(38) 檵木灌丛 Loropetalum Shrubland	45) 檵木灌丛 Loropetalum chinense Shrubland
			(39) 牡荆灌丛 Vitex Shrubland	46) 黄荆灌丛 Vitex negundo Shrubland
			(40) 葛灌丛 Pueraria Shrubland	47) 葛灌丛 Pueraria montana var. lobata Shrubland
	X. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland	12. 暖性常绿阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland	(41) 青冈灌丛 Quercus Shrubland	48) 青冈灌丛 Quercus glauca Shrubland
			(41) 青冈灌丛 Quercus Shrubland	49) 褐叶青冈灌丛 Quercus stewardiana Shrubland
			(42) 柯灌丛 Lithocarpus Shrubland	50) 短尾柯灌丛 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus Shrubland
			(43) 山茶灌丛 Camellia Shrubland	51) 毛柄连蕊茶灌丛 Camellia fraterna Shrubland
			(44) 柃灌丛 Eurya Shrubland	52) 柃灌丛 Eurya spp. Shrubland
			(45) 蒲桃灌丛 Syzygium Shrubland	53) 赤楠灌丛 Syzygium buxifolium Shrubland
			(46) 杜鹃花灌丛 Rhododendron Shrubland	54) 马银花灌丛 Rhododendron ovatum Shrubland
			(47) 油麻藤灌丛 Mucuna Shrubland	55) 油麻藤灌丛 Mucuna sempervirens Shrubland
	XI. 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland	13. 暖性竹丛 Subtropical Bamboo Shrubland	(48) 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland	56) 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland
三草本植被 Herbaceous Vegetation	XII. 丛生禾草草丛 Tussock Grassland	14. 亚热带丛生禾草草丛 Subtropical Tussock Grassland	(49) 芒草丛 Miscanthus Tussock Grassland	57) 芒草丛 Miscanthus sinensis Tussock Grassland
	XIII. 杂类草草丛 Forb Grassland	15. 亚热带杂类草草丛 Subtropical Forb Grassland	(50) 杂类草草丛 Forb Grassland	58) 撂荒杂类草草丛 Abandoned Forb Grassland
	XIV. 灌草丛 Shrubby Grassland	16. 亚热带灌草丛 Subtropical Shrubby Grassland	(51) 禾草灌草丛 Grass Shrubby Grassland	59) 粉花绣线菊-芒灌草丛 Spiraea japonica - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				60) 盐麸木-芒灌草丛 Rhus chinensis - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				61) 红果山胡椒-芒灌草丛 Lindera erythrocarpa - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				62) 山胡椒-芒灌草丛 Lindera glauca - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				63) 黄荆-白茅+芒灌草丛 Vitex negundo - Imperata cylindrica + Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				64) 黄檀-芒灌草丛 Dalbergia hupeana - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				65) 榔榆-芒灌草丛 Ulmus parvifolia - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				66) 葛-芒灌草丛 Pueraria montana var. lobata - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
				67) 竹丛-芒灌草丛 Bamboo - Miscanthus sinensis Shrubby Grassland
四沼泽与水生植被 Swamp and Aquatic Vegetation	XV. 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation	17. 亚热带水生植被 Subtropical Aquatic Vegetation	(52) 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation	68) 水体水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation in Water Bodies
五农业植被 Agricultural Vegetation	XVI. 粮食作物 Food Crop	18. 亚热带粮食作物 Subtropical Food Crop	(53) 一年两熟水旱粮食作物 Two Crops Annually Containing Upland and Irrigation Food Crops	69) 水稻、番薯、蔬菜粮食作物 Oryza sativa, Ipomoea batatas, Vegetable Food Crops
	XVII. 饮料作物 Beverage Crop	19. 亚热带饮料作物 Subtropical Beverage Crop	(54) 常绿饮料作物 Evergreen Beverage Crop	70) 茶园 Camellia sinensis Garden
	XVIII. 果园 Orchard	20. 亚热带果园 Subtropical Orchard	(55) 常绿和落叶果园 Evergreen and Deciduous Orchard	71) 柑橘、佛手、枇杷、杨梅、梨、桃果园 Citrus reticulata, Citrus medica cv. Fingered, Eriobotrya japonica, Myrica rubra, Pyrus spp., Amygdalus persica Orchard
	XIX. 花卉园 Flower Garden	21. 亚热带花卉园 Subtropical Flower Garden	(56) 常绿和落叶花卉苗木园 Evergreen and Deciduous Flower and Nursery Garden	72) 桂花、茶花、罗汉松、樱花、槭花卉苗木园 Osmanthus fragrans, Camellia japonica, Podocarpus macrophyllus, Prunus spp., Acer spp. Flower and Nursery Garden
六城市植被 Urban Vegetation	XX. 城市森林 Urban Forest	22. 亚热带城市森林 Subtropical Urban Forest	(57) 城市森林 Urban Forest	73) 城市森林 Urban Forest
六城市植被 Urban Vegetation	XXI. 城市行道树和城市公园植被 Urban Street Tree and Urban Park Vegetation	23. 亚热带城市行道树和城市公园植被 Subtropical Urban Street Tree and Urban Park Vegetation	(58) 城市绿地 Urban Green Space	74) 城市绿地 Urban Green Space
七无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	XXII. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	24. 道路和建筑 Road and Building	(59) 道路和建筑 Road and Building	75) 道路和建筑 Road and Building
七无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	XXII. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area	25. 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground	(60) 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground	76) 临时性裸地 Temporary Bare Ground