Dataset of crop harvest traits and yields from long-term observation farmland plots on fluvial terraces in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2023

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

Abstract

Abstract:

The hilly and gully region is the most representative geomorphic unit of the Loess Plateau. The complex and fragmented terrain, along with its fragile ecological environment, determines the unique characteristics of agricultural production in this region. The fluvial terraces, as an important agricultural cultivation area, is characterized by its flat terrain and fertile soil, making it a typical agricultural ecosystem type of the region. Crop traits and yields, as fundamental elements in long-term observation of agricultural ecosystems, can directly reflect the productivity of farmlands and are important indicators for assessing agricultural sustainability. Continuous multi-year observations of agricultural ecosystem elements in the fluvial terraces are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic changes in agricultural ecosystems and their interactions with environmental factors. The Ansai Farmland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station (referred to as Ansai Station) is a core research platform dedicated to the arid and semi-arid hilly regions of the Loess Plateau. It is affiliated with the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) and the National Ecosystem Observation and Research Network (CNERN). The Ansai Station serves as a crucial platform for long-term field observations of farmland ecosystems in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau. This dataset integrates ecological observation data from three long-term observation fields on fluvial terraces at the Ansai Station (2018-2023) under typical cultivation systems, including long-term crop rotation systems, fertilizer inputs, applications of pesticides, herbicides, and growth regulators, harvest period traits, and yield measurements. This dataset provides valuable data support for evaluating the productivity and stability of regional farmland ecosystems, optimizing agricultural management practices, and formulating relevant agricultural policies.

Database/dataset profile

Data title	Dataset of crop harvest traits and yield in long-term observation farmland plots on the terraces in the hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2023
Data authors	WANG Zhi-Bo, LIU Wen-Sheng, WU Rui-Jun, WANG Guo-Liang
Data corresponding author	WANG Guo-Liang (glwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Data time range	2018-01-01-2023-12-31
Data geographical scope	Shiyaogou, Ansai District (109.34°-109.35° E, 36.81°-36.82° N)
Data volume	65.69 kb
Data format	.xlsx
Data links	https://www.plant-ecology.com/fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0330-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673
Database/dataset composition	This dataset consists of one file, including six table sheets, which are: multiple cropping index and crop rotation system in typical cropland, fertilizer application situation in the main crops, application situation of pesticide, herbicide and growth agents in the main crops, plant traits of maize at harvest time, plant traits of soybean at harvest time, observation of crop yield at harvest time

Key words: crop harvest traits, grain yield, long-term observation data, Loess Plateau hilly and gully region, soybean, maize

WANG Zhi-Bo, LIU Wen-Sheng, WU Rui-Jun, WANG Guo-Liang. Dataset of crop harvest traits and yields from long-term observation farmland plots on fluvial terraces in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2023[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(8): 1301-1311.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I8/1301

Figures/Tables 10

References 12

[1]	Fu BJ, Liu YS, Cao Z, Wang ZZ, Wu XT (2023). Current conditions, issues, and suggestions for ecological protection and high-quality development in Loess Plateau. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 38, 1110-1117.
	[傅伯杰, 刘彦随, 曹智, 王壮壮, 武旭同 (2023). 黄土高原生态保护和高质量发展现状、问题与建议. 中国科学院院刊, 38, 1110-1117.]
[2]	Gan ZM, Yue DP, Gan R, Liu X, Pei XF (2004). Characteristic on rural settlements distribution and its land use in loess hill-gully area of Northern Shaanxi Province. Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 32(3), 102-106.
	[甘枝茂, 岳大鹏, 甘锐, 刘啸, 裴新富 (2004). 陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区乡村聚落分布及其用地特征. 陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 32(3), 102-106.]
[3]	Lobell DB, Cassman KG, Field CB (2009). Crop yield gaps: their importance, magnitudes, and causes. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 34, 179-204.
[4]	Robertson GP, Swinton SM (2005). Reconciling agricultural productivity and environmental integrity: a grand challenge for agriculture. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 3(1), 38-46.
[5]	Shangguan ZP, Wang F, Zan LS, Zhao GP, Wu PX, Su ZX (2020). Significances and developing ways of ecological agriculturein coordinated development of ecological conservation and high-quality agriculture on Loess Plateau. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 40(4), 335-339.
	[上官周平, 王飞, 昝林森, 赵国平, 吴普侠, 苏卓侠 (2020). 生态农业在黄土高原生态保护和农业高质量协同发展中的作用及其发展途径. 水土保持通报, 40(4), 335-339.]
[6]	Sun HL (2005). Ecosystems of China. Science Press, Beijing. 1230-1252.
	[孙鸿烈 (2005). 中国生态系统. 科学出版社, 北京. 1230-1252.]
[7]	Wang ZB, Wu RJ, Jiang J, Li GX, Sun QH, Wang GL (2023). A dataset of ecological observations of soybean and foxtail millet during different phenological periods at Ansai Station from 2005 to 2020. China Scientific Data, 8(3), 216-225.
	[王志波, 吴瑞俊, 姜峻, 李够霞, 孙秋红, 王国梁 (2023). 2005-2020年安塞站大豆和谷子不同物候期生态观测数据集. 中国科学数据, 8(3), 216-225.]
[8]	Wu DX, Zhang L, Song CY, Zhang SM (2019). Protocols for Standard Biological Observation and Measurement in Terrestrial Ecosystems. 2nd ed. China Environment Publishing Group, Beijing. 249-290.
	[吴冬秀, 张琳, 宋创业, 张淑敏 (2019). 陆地生态系统生物观测指标与规范. 2版. 中国环境出版集团, 北京. 249-290.]
[9]	Xiao GJ, Wang J (2003). Research on progress of rainwater harvesting agriculture on the Loess Plateau of China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 23, 1003-1011.
	[肖国举, 王静 (2003). 黄土高原集水农业研究进展. 生态学报, 23, 1003-1011.]
[10]	Zhang L, Wu DX (2023). Background Information and Vegetation Classification Characteristics of Long-term Ecological Plots in CERN. China Environment Publishing Group, Beijing. 535-543.
	[张琳, 吴冬秀 (2023). 生物长期监测样地本底与植被特征. 中国环境出版集团, 北京. 535-543.]
[11]	Zhang L, Wu DX, Song CY, Yuan WY, Jia Y, Sang JW (2023). A dataset of long-term biological plot background and farming systems of CERN agricultural stations. China Scientific Data, 8(3),1-9.
	[张琳, 吴冬秀, 宋创业, 袁伟影, 贾元, 桑佳文 (2023). CERN农田站生物长期样地背景和耕作制度本底数据集. 中国科学数据, 8(3),1-9.]
[12]	Zhu XM (1989). Soils and Agriculture of the Loess Plateau. Agricultural Press, Beijing. 96-120.
	[朱显谟 (1989). 黄土高原土壤与农业. 农业出版社, 北京. 96-120.]

序号 No.	样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	样地类别 Plot type	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	地理位置 Location	海拔 Altitude (m)	建立时间和设计使用年限 Establishment time and designed service time
1	ASAZH02ABC_01	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
2	ASAFZ08ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-空白样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-control plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
3	ASAFZ09ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-straw returning plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)

序号 No.	样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	样地类别 Plot type	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	地理位置 Location	海拔 Altitude (m)	建立时间和设计使用年限 Establishment time and designed service time
1	ASAZH02ABC_01	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
2	ASAFZ08ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-空白样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-control plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
3	ASAFZ09ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-straw returning plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site	1
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN	ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year	2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code	ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Types of cropland tillage practices	旱地 Dryland farming
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分率(%) Percentage of total annual crop harvested area relative to total cultivated land area (%)	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期, “→”表示年间作物接茬种植 Cropping sequence and rotation cycle composed of various crops and planting modes within the same plot; the symbol “→” represents interannual crop succession	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 Current-year crop in the rotation system	春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site	1
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN	ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year	2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code	ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Types of cropland tillage practices	旱地 Dryland farming
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分率(%) Percentage of total annual crop harvested area relative to total cultivated land area (%)	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期, “→”表示年间作物接茬种植 Cropping sequence and rotation cycle composed of various crops and planting modes within the same plot; the symbol “→” represents interannual crop succession	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 Current-year crop in the rotation system	春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	单位 Units	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site		3
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN		ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year		2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code		ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions		石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体名称 Crop cultivar name		春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
肥料名称 Fertilizer name	所用肥料名称的全称 Full names of the fertilizers used		尿素 Urea
施用时间 Fertilization date	肥料实际施用日期 Actual fertilizer application date		2018-07-20
作物生育期 Crop growth phase	施肥时作物所处的物候期 Crop phenological stage at the time of fertilizer application		开花期 Flowering stage
施用方式 Application way	肥料施用方法和肥料用途 Fertilizer application method and purpose		根施追肥 Root-zone application of topdressing fertiliser
施用量 Application amount	每公顷施用肥料重量 Fertilizer application rate per hectare	kg·hm^-2	209.00
肥料折合纯氮量 Equivalent N	肥料施用量中包含的纯氮量, 即施氮量 Nitrogen application rate	kg·hm^-2	96.14
肥料折合纯磷量 Equivalent P	肥料施用量中包含的纯磷量, 即施磷量 Phosphorus application rate	kg·hm^-2
肥料折合纯钾量 Equivalent K	肥料施用量中包含的纯钾量, 即施钾量 Potassium application rate	kg·hm^-2
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row		尿素含N 46% Urea contains 46% nitrogen