Aboveground and belowground nutrient allocation strategies for trees and shrubs at alpine treeline in Sygera Mountains of the southeastern Qingzang Plateau

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0383

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims By investigating aboveground and belowground nutrient allocation strategies of dominant tree species (i.e., Juniperus saltuaria and Rhododendron nivale) under different interaction intensities at the alpine treeline of Sygera Mountains, we aim to provide theoretical basis and support for ecological protection and restoration for alpine zone.
Methods This study focuses on the J. saltuaria community (Canopy coverage of the arbor layer: 60%), the J. saltuaria dominated community (Canopy coverage of the arbor layer: 20%), the R. nivale dominated community (Coverage of the shrub layer: 56%), and the R. nivale community (Coverage of the shrub layer: 75%) at the alpine treeline of Sygera Mountains. In August 2022, leaves, roots, and soil within the canopy range of dominant species in these four plant communities were collected. The nutrient element content of the samples was measured, and the aboveground and belowground nutrient and other stoichiometric characteristics of J. saltuaria and R. nivale under different interaction intensities were analyzed using ecological stoichiometry and Partial Least Squares Path Model (PLS-PM). We aimed to clarify the differences in nutrient strategies of the two dominant tree and shrub species under varying interaction intensities at the alpine treeline of Sygera Mountains.
Important findings The results showed that (1) leaf carbon (C) content in the J. saltuaria community was higher than that in the J. saltuaria dominated community, while nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents were opposite; root C content in the J. saltuaria community was lower than that in the J. saltuaria dominated community, while N, P, and K contents were higher. In the R. nivale dominated community, leaf C and K contents were higher than those in the R. nivale community, whereas N and P contents were lower; root C and N contents were higher in the R. nivale dominated community, while P and K contents were lower. In all four plant communities, leaf C, N, P, and K contents were significantly higher than in roots. (2) Compared to the J. saltuaria community, the J. saltuaria dominated community preferred to allocate more nutrients to leaves, representing an aggressive nutrient strategy. In contrast, the R. nivale dominated community transported more nutrients to roots compared to the R. nivale community, reflecting a more conservative nutrient strategy. Additionally, a positive feedback mechanism exists between plant communities and soil nutrients in the study area.

Key words: alpine treeline, tree-shrub interaction, nutrient allocation strategy, ecological stoichiometry, plant community, nutrient restriction

CHEN Gang-Gang, ZHU Si-Jie, GUO Liang-Na, FU Fang-Wei, LIU Yu-Zhuo, LI Jiang-Rong. Aboveground and belowground nutrient allocation strategies for trees and shrubs at alpine treeline in Sygera Mountains of the southeastern Qingzang Plateau[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(9): 1515-1526.

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Figures/Tables 7

References 46

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植物群落 Plant community	简写 Abbreviation	海拔 Ailtitude (m)	郁闭度/盖度 Canopy density or coverage (%)	平均高度 Average height (m)	植被类型 Vegetation type
方枝柏群落 Juniperus saltuaria community	CF	4 100	60	8.30	EN
方枝柏优势的群落 Community dominated by Juniperus saltuaria	JF	4 350	20	1.84	EN
雪层杜鹃优势的群落 Community dominated by Rhododendron nivale	JDJ	4 350	56	0.84	EB
雪层杜鹃群落 Rhododendron nivale community	DJ	4 450	75	0.65	EB

植物群落 Plant community	简写 Abbreviation	海拔 Ailtitude (m)	郁闭度/盖度 Canopy density or coverage (%)	平均高度 Average height (m)	植被类型 Vegetation type
方枝柏群落 Juniperus saltuaria community	CF	4 100	60	8.30	EN
方枝柏优势的群落 Community dominated by Juniperus saltuaria	JF	4 350	20	1.84	EN
雪层杜鹃优势的群落 Community dominated by Rhododendron nivale	JDJ	4 350	56	0.84	EB
雪层杜鹃群落 Rhododendron nivale community	DJ	4 450	75	0.65	EB

理化性质 Physical and chemical property	方枝柏群落 CF	方枝柏优势的群落 JF	雪层杜鹃优势的群落 JDJ	雪层杜鹃群落 DJ
有机碳含量 Organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	109.08 ± 15.04^a	75.44 ± 7.89^b	68.42 ± 5.25^b	53.90 ± 6.63^b
全氮含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	6.60 ± 0.86^a	4.40 ± 0.26^b	4.39 ± 0.29^b	3.60 ± 0.44^b
全磷含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	0.90 ± 0.03^a	0.82 ± 0.03^b	0.79 ± 0.02^bc	0.72 ± 0.02^c
全钾含量 Total potassium content (g·kg^-1)	6.49 ± 0.41^a	6.83 ± 0.20^a	7.43 ± 0.19^a	7.28 ± 0.46^a
速效氮含量 Available nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	0.88 ± 0.11^a	0.62 ± 0.04^b	0.61 ± 0.04^b	0.48 ± 0.06^b
速效磷含量 Available phosphorus content (mg·kg^-1)	15.92 ± 2.30^a	15.57 ± 1.19^a	12.33 ± 1.15^a	13.51 ± 1.40^a
速效钾含量 Available potassium content (g·kg^-1)	0.17 ± 0.02^a	0.11 ± 0.01^b	0.11 ± 0.01^b	0.09 ± 0.01^b
Margalef指数 Margalef index	2.15 ± 0.06^c	3.92 ± 0.26^a	3.92 ± 0.26^a	3.00 ± 0.21^b
pH	5.33 ± 0.02^b	5.42 ± 0.07^a	5.57 ± 0.03^a	5.50 ± 0.04^a

理化性质 Physical and chemical property	方枝柏群落 CF	方枝柏优势的群落 JF	雪层杜鹃优势的群落 JDJ	雪层杜鹃群落 DJ
有机碳含量 Organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	109.08 ± 15.04^a	75.44 ± 7.89^b	68.42 ± 5.25^b	53.90 ± 6.63^b
全氮含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	6.60 ± 0.86^a	4.40 ± 0.26^b	4.39 ± 0.29^b	3.60 ± 0.44^b
全磷含量 Total nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	0.90 ± 0.03^a	0.82 ± 0.03^b	0.79 ± 0.02^bc	0.72 ± 0.02^c
全钾含量 Total potassium content (g·kg^-1)	6.49 ± 0.41^a	6.83 ± 0.20^a	7.43 ± 0.19^a	7.28 ± 0.46^a
速效氮含量 Available nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	0.88 ± 0.11^a	0.62 ± 0.04^b	0.61 ± 0.04^b	0.48 ± 0.06^b
速效磷含量 Available phosphorus content (mg·kg^-1)	15.92 ± 2.30^a	15.57 ± 1.19^a	12.33 ± 1.15^a	13.51 ± 1.40^a
速效钾含量 Available potassium content (g·kg^-1)	0.17 ± 0.02^a	0.11 ± 0.01^b	0.11 ± 0.01^b	0.09 ± 0.01^b
Margalef指数 Margalef index	2.15 ± 0.06^c	3.92 ± 0.26^a	3.92 ± 0.26^a	3.00 ± 0.21^b
pH	5.33 ± 0.02^b	5.42 ± 0.07^a	5.57 ± 0.03^a	5.50 ± 0.04^a

植物群落 Plant community	营养器官 Vegetative organ	碳含量 Carbon content (g·kg^-1)	氮含量 Nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	磷含量 Phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)	钾含量 Potassium content (g·kg^-1)
方枝柏群落 CF	叶片 Leaf	538.49 ± 1.53^a	11.01 ± 0.40^b	0.93 ± 0.02^c	4.16 ± 0.18^c
方枝柏群落 CF	根 Root	514.52 ± 3.84^a	7.31 ± 0.19^a	0.61 ± 0.02^a	2.63 ± 0.20^a
方枝柏优势的群落 JF	叶片 Leaf	529.78 ± 1.71^b	11.39 ± 0.26^b	1.12 ± 0.04^b	5.18 ± 0.58^b
方枝柏优势的群落 JF	根 Root	514.88 ± 2.40^a	4.23 ± 0.09^c	0.52 ± 0.01^b	2.21 ± 0.05^b
雪层杜鹃优势的群落 JDJ	叶片 Leaf	529.18 ± 1.50^b	19.25 ± 0.15^a	1.23 ± 0.03^a	7.12 ± 0.21^a
雪层杜鹃优势的群落 JDJ	根 Root	505.94 ± 1.52^b	5.35 ± 0.22^b	0.48 ± 0.01^b	1.71 ± 0.05^c
雪层杜鹃群落 DJ	叶片 Leaf	522.72 ± 1.77^c	19.91 ± 0.43^a	1.32 ± 0.04^a	7.00 ± 0.21^a
雪层杜鹃群落 DJ	根 Root	500.34 ± 2.93^b	4.51 ± 0.13^c	0.52 ± 0.01^b	1.91 ± 0.04^bc