Effects of maize-peanut intercropping and phosphate fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of intercropped peanut plants

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00104

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to determine the enhanced utilization of weak light in intercropped peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea) and the regulatory effects of phosphate (P) fertilizer in maize-peanut intercropping system, which is of great significance to elucidate photosynthetic adaptation mechanism of intercropped peanut plants and to increase the yield.
Methods Chlorophyll (Chl) content and composition, photosynthetic light response curves, photosynthetic CO₂ response curves, and fluorescence parameters in the functional leaves of intercropped peanut plants were studied at the experimental farm of Henan University of Science and Technology in 2011 and 2012.
Important findings The Chl b content was higher, and the Chl a/b ratio was lower, in the functional leaves of intercropped peanut plants than in those of single cropped peanut plants with or without P fertilizer application. There were higher values of maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), actual photochemical efficiency (Φ_PSII), photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P) of photosystem II, apparent quantum yield (AQY), and photosynthetic rate, but lower values of stomatal conductance, RuBP carboxylation rate (V_cmax), electron transport rate (J_max), and triose-phosphate utilization rate (TPU) in the functional leaves of intercropped peanut plants than in those of single cropped peanut plants. Application of P fertilizer was beneficial to improving chlorophyll content, Φ_PSIIand q_P of photosystem II, V_cmax, J_max, and TPU in the functional leaves of intercropped peanut plants. It suggested that intercropped peanut plants could make more efficient use of weak light because of the higher F_v/F_m, Φ_PSII and q_P of photosystem II resulting from higher Chl b content and changes chlorophyll composition of functional leaves, which strengthened the capacity of light absorption and transformation, but not because of the higher CO₂ rate of fixation and improved carboxylation efficiency. Application of P fertilizer was beneficial to improving the utilization of weak light and to increasing the yield of intercropped peanut, resulting in an increase in the land equivalent ratio of the maize-peanut intercropping system by 6.2%-9.3%.

Key words: carboxylation efficiency, chlorophyll composition, intercropped peanut, phosphate fertilizer, photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic characteristics

JIAO Nian-Yuan,YANG Meng-Ke,NING Tang-Yuan,YIN Fei,XU Guo-Wei,FU Guo-Zhan,LI You-Jun. Effects of maize-peanut intercropping and phosphate fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of intercropped peanut plants[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(11): 1010-1017.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00104

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2013/V37/I11/1010

Figures/Tables 7

References 19

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处理 Treatment		叶绿素a Chl a (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b Chl b (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Car (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素总量 Total Chl (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b Chl a/b ratio	类胡萝卜素/叶绿素 Car/Chl ratio
P0	SP	1.27^cC	0.37^cC	0.29^bB	1.93^cC	3.42^aA	0.148^aA
	IP	1.60^aAB	0.54^aA	0.33^aA	2.47^aA	2.97^cC	0.133^bcB
P1	SP	1.53^bB	0.48^bB	0.32^aA	2.33^bB	3.19^bB	0.139^bB
	IP	1.64^aA	0.56^aA	0.33^aA	2.53^aA	2.96^cC	0.131^cB

处理 Treatment		叶绿素a Chl a (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b Chl b (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素 Car (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素总量 Total Chl (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b Chl a/b ratio	类胡萝卜素/叶绿素 Car/Chl ratio
P0	SP	1.27^cC	0.37^cC	0.29^bB	1.93^cC	3.42^aA	0.148^aA
	IP	1.60^aAB	0.54^aA	0.33^aA	2.47^aA	2.97^cC	0.133^bcB
P1	SP	1.53^bB	0.48^bB	0.32^aA	2.33^bB	3.19^bB	0.139^bB
	IP	1.64^aA	0.56^aA	0.33^aA	2.53^aA	2.96^cC	0.131^cB

处理 Treatment		初始荧光 Minimal fluorescence F_o	可变荧光 Variable fluorescence F_v	PSII最大光化学效率 Maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII F_v/F_m	PSII实际光化学效率 Actual photochemical efficiency of PSII Φ_PSII	光化学猝灭系数 Photochemical quenching coefficient q_P
P0	SP	236.7^aA	860.3^bA	0.781^bA	0.453^bB	0.585^cB
	IP	241.0^aA	1 068.3^aA	0.815^aA	0.596^aA	0.639^bB
P1	SP	230.3^aA	772.7^bA	0.769^bA	0.414^bB	0.603^cB
	IP	215.7^aA	952.3^aA	0.813^aA	0.643^aA	0.743^aA

处理 Treatment		初始荧光 Minimal fluorescence F_o	可变荧光 Variable fluorescence F_v	PSII最大光化学效率 Maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII F_v/F_m	PSII实际光化学效率 Actual photochemical efficiency of PSII Φ_PSII	光化学猝灭系数 Photochemical quenching coefficient q_P
P0	SP	236.7^aA	860.3^bA	0.781^bA	0.453^bB	0.585^cB
	IP	241.0^aA	1 068.3^aA	0.815^aA	0.596^aA	0.639^bB
P1	SP	230.3^aA	772.7^bA	0.769^bA	0.414^bB	0.603^cB
	IP	215.7^aA	952.3^aA	0.813^aA	0.643^aA	0.743^aA

处理 Treatment	LCP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	LSP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	LSP_n (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	AQY (mol·mol^-1)	CE	V_cmax (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	J_max (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	TPU (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)
SP	75.4^aA	841.2^aA	33.4^aA	0.047^cB	0.122^aA	187.4^aA	134.5^aA	8.24^aA
IP	20.0^bB	587.2^bB	27.4^bB	0.051^bA	0.092^bB	136.0^bB	103.6^bB	6.87^cB
IP-P1	26.8^bB	585.7 ^bB	29.5^bAB	0.053^aA	0.091^bB	181.0^aA	113.4^bB	7.74^bB