Estimation of biomass allocation and carbon density of Rhododendron simsii shrubland in the subtropical mountainous areas of China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0174

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims As an important potential carbon sink, shrubland ecosystem plays a vital role in global carbon balance and climate regulation. Our objectives were to derive appropriate regression models for shrub biomass estimation, and to reveal the biomass allocation pattern and carbon density in Rhododendron simsii shrubland.
Methods We conducted investigations in 27 plots, and developed biomass regression models for shrub species to estimate shrub biomass. The biomass of herb and litterfall were obtained through harvesting. Plant samples were collected from each plot to measure carbon content in different organs.
Important findings The results showed that the power and linear models were the most appropriate equation forms. The D and D²H (where D was the basal diameter (cm) and H was the shrub height (m)) were good predictors for organ biomass and total biomass of shrubs. All of the biomass models reached extremely significant level, and could be used to estimate shrub biomass with high accuracy. It was more difficult to predict leaf and annual branch biomass than stem biomass, because leaf and annual branch were susceptible to herbivores and inter-plant competition. The mean biomass of the shrub layer was 20.78 Mg·hm^-2, in which Rhododendron simsii and Symplocos paniculata biomass accounted for 93.63%. Influenced by both environment and species characteristics, the biomass of the shrub layer organs was in the order of stem > root > leaf > annual branch. The root:shoot ratio of the shrub layer was 0.32, which was less than other shrubs in subtropical regions. The relative higher aboveground biomass allocation reflected the adaptation of plants to the warm and humid environment for more photosynthesis. The mean total community biomass was 26.26 Mg·hm^-2, in which shrub layer, herb layer and litter layer accounted for 79.14%, 7.62% and 13.25%, respectively. Litter biomass was relatively high, which suggested that this community had high nutrient return. There were significant correlations among aboveground biomass, belowground biomass and total biomass of shrub layer and herb layer. The mean biomass carbon density of the community was 11.70 Mg·hm^-2 and the carbon content ratio was 44.55%. The carbon density was usually obtained using the conversion coefficient of 0.5 in previous studies, which could overestimate carbon density by 12.22%.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201701006

Key words: regression model, root/shoot ratio, nutrient return, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, carbon content ratio

Qiang ZHANG, Jia-Xiang LI, Wen-Ting XU, Gao-Ming XIONG, Zong-Qiang XIE. Estimation of biomass allocation and carbon density of Rhododendron simsii shrubland in the subtropical mountainous areas of China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(1): 43-52.

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Figures/Tables 6

References 41

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物种 Species	器官 Organ	自变量 Variable	方程 Equation	样本数 Number of samples	a	b	R²	标准误差 Standard error	F值 F value
杜鹃	根 Root	x = D	y = ax^b	40	0.010 2	2.428 5	0.714	0.347 9	94.85^***
Rhododendron	茎 Stem	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.035 7	2.332 0	0.928	0.189 6	550.97^***
simsii	叶 Leaf	x = D	y = ax^b	43	0.003 7	2.122 5	0.714	0.393 2	102.48^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.000 4	2.975 0	0.608	0.695 6	66.57^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.040 2	2.310 8	0.926	0.190 3	537.30^***
	总 Total	x = D	y = ax^b	43	0.054 6	2.227 2	0.895	0.221 5	348.07^***
白檀	根 Root	x = D	y = ax^b	30	0.019 5	2.461 8	0.912	0.267 2	290.07^***
Symplocos	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.023 0	0.981 0	0.949	0.213 1	518.53^***
paniculata	叶 Leaf	x = D	y = ax^b	29	0.004 5	2.406 1	0.880	0.316 2	197.48^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = a + bx	27	0.000 6	0.004 1	0.799	0.008 0	99.38^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.029 4	0.962 6	0.948	0.210 0	514.51^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.049 1	0.941 3	0.943	0.215 5	466.99^***
落叶混合种	根 Root	x = D²H	y = ax^b	32	0.016 2	0.842 4	0.776	0.663 9	103.73^***
Mixed deciduous	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = a + bx	32	0.024 4	0.027 4	0.945	0.116 0	495.86^***
species	叶 Leaf	x = D²H	y = ax^b	29	0.005 4	0.815 5	0.866	0.497 2	174.31^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = ax^b	13	0.004 9	0.681 2	0.801	0.645 8	44.38^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = a + bx	31	0.011 2	0.032 0	0.981	0.077 4	1530.32^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.057 3	0.885 9	0.947	0.303 7	502.33^***
常绿混合种	根 Root	x = D²H	y = ax^b	159	0.055 7	0.644 6	0.684	0.673 6	339.36^***
Mixed evergreen	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = ax^b	158	0.040 2	0.941 7	0.902	0.433 9	1432.91^***
species	叶 Leaf	x = D²H	y = ax^b	165	0.019 0	0.611 3	0.695	0.618 0	370.74^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = a + bx	155	0.000 6	0.016 0	0.751	0.012 7	460.53^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = ax^b	158	0.068 1	0.854 8	0.908	0.381 0	1531.39^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	160	0.117 1	0.810 5	0.893	0.391 2	1312.23^***

物种 Species	器官 Organ	自变量 Variable	方程 Equation	样本数 Number of samples	a	b	R²	标准误差 Standard error	F值 F value
杜鹃	根 Root	x = D	y = ax^b	40	0.010 2	2.428 5	0.714	0.347 9	94.85^***
Rhododendron	茎 Stem	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.035 7	2.332 0	0.928	0.189 6	550.97^***
simsii	叶 Leaf	x = D	y = ax^b	43	0.003 7	2.122 5	0.714	0.393 2	102.48^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.000 4	2.975 0	0.608	0.695 6	66.57^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D	y = ax^b	45	0.040 2	2.310 8	0.926	0.190 3	537.30^***
	总 Total	x = D	y = ax^b	43	0.054 6	2.227 2	0.895	0.221 5	348.07^***
白檀	根 Root	x = D	y = ax^b	30	0.019 5	2.461 8	0.912	0.267 2	290.07^***
Symplocos	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.023 0	0.981 0	0.949	0.213 1	518.53^***
paniculata	叶 Leaf	x = D	y = ax^b	29	0.004 5	2.406 1	0.880	0.316 2	197.48^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = a + bx	27	0.000 6	0.004 1	0.799	0.008 0	99.38^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.029 4	0.962 6	0.948	0.210 0	514.51^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.049 1	0.941 3	0.943	0.215 5	466.99^***
落叶混合种	根 Root	x = D²H	y = ax^b	32	0.016 2	0.842 4	0.776	0.663 9	103.73^***
Mixed deciduous	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = a + bx	32	0.024 4	0.027 4	0.945	0.116 0	495.86^***
species	叶 Leaf	x = D²H	y = ax^b	29	0.005 4	0.815 5	0.866	0.497 2	174.31^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = ax^b	13	0.004 9	0.681 2	0.801	0.645 8	44.38^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = a + bx	31	0.011 2	0.032 0	0.981	0.077 4	1530.32^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	30	0.057 3	0.885 9	0.947	0.303 7	502.33^***
常绿混合种	根 Root	x = D²H	y = ax^b	159	0.055 7	0.644 6	0.684	0.673 6	339.36^***
Mixed evergreen	茎 Stem	x = D²H	y = ax^b	158	0.040 2	0.941 7	0.902	0.433 9	1432.91^***
species	叶 Leaf	x = D²H	y = ax^b	165	0.019 0	0.611 3	0.695	0.618 0	370.74^***
	当年枝 Annual branch	x = D²H	y = a + bx	155	0.000 6	0.016 0	0.751	0.012 7	460.53^***
	地上 Aboveground	x = D²H	y = ax^b	158	0.068 1	0.854 8	0.908	0.381 0	1531.39^***
	总 Total	x = D²H	y = ax^b	160	0.117 1	0.810 5	0.893	0.391 2	1312.23^***

物种 Species	植株个体 Individuals		生物量 Biomass
物种 Species	密度 Density (No.·hm^-2)	占灌木层比例 Ratio of the shrub layer (%)	生物量 Biomass (kg·hm^-2)	占灌木层比例 Ratio of the shrub layer (%)
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	84 074	87.54	15 988.05	79.61
白檀 Symplocos paniculata	6 711	6.99	2 816.53	14.02
尖叶日本绣线菊 Spiraea japonica var. acuminata	1 556	1.62	101.83	0.51
四川冬青 Ilex szechwanensis	1 452	1.51	210.97	1.05
直角荚蒾 Viburnum foetidum var. rectangulatum	548	0.57	37.04	0.18
格药柃 Eurya muricata	430	0.45	83.18	0.41
圆锥绣球 Hydrangea paniculata	370	0.39	315.98	1.57
波叶红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana var. undulata	237	0.25	41.76	0.21
水马桑 Weigela japonica var. sinica	207	0.22	46.94	0.23
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	148	0.15	239.75	1.19
尾叶樱桃 Cerasus dielsiana	104	0.11	124.24	0.62
中国绣球 Hydrangea chinensis	44	0.05	19.27	0.10
四照花 Dendrobenthamia japonica var. chinensis	44	0.05	8.90	0.04
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri	30	0.03	11.34	0.06
紫珠 Callicarpa bodinieri var. bodinieri	30	0.03	6.79	0.03
胡颓子 Elaeagnus pungens	15	0.02	18.66	0.09
三桠乌药 Lindera obtusiloba	15	0.02	7.69	0.04
小叶栎 Quercus chenii	15	0.02	2.90	0.01
长叶冻绿 Rhamnus crenata	15	0.02	1.13	0.01

物种 Species	植株个体 Individuals		生物量 Biomass
物种 Species	密度 Density (No.·hm^-2)	占灌木层比例 Ratio of the shrub layer (%)	生物量 Biomass (kg·hm^-2)	占灌木层比例 Ratio of the shrub layer (%)
杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii	84 074	87.54	15 988.05	79.61
白檀 Symplocos paniculata	6 711	6.99	2 816.53	14.02
尖叶日本绣线菊 Spiraea japonica var. acuminata	1 556	1.62	101.83	0.51
四川冬青 Ilex szechwanensis	1 452	1.51	210.97	1.05
直角荚蒾 Viburnum foetidum var. rectangulatum	548	0.57	37.04	0.18
格药柃 Eurya muricata	430	0.45	83.18	0.41
圆锥绣球 Hydrangea paniculata	370	0.39	315.98	1.57
波叶红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana var. undulata	237	0.25	41.76	0.21
水马桑 Weigela japonica var. sinica	207	0.22	46.94	0.23
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	148	0.15	239.75	1.19
尾叶樱桃 Cerasus dielsiana	104	0.11	124.24	0.62
中国绣球 Hydrangea chinensis	44	0.05	19.27	0.10
四照花 Dendrobenthamia japonica var. chinensis	44	0.05	8.90	0.04
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri	30	0.03	11.34	0.06
紫珠 Callicarpa bodinieri var. bodinieri	30	0.03	6.79	0.03
胡颓子 Elaeagnus pungens	15	0.02	18.66	0.09
三桠乌药 Lindera obtusiloba	15	0.02	7.69	0.04
小叶栎 Quercus chenii	15	0.02	2.90	0.01
长叶冻绿 Rhamnus crenata	15	0.02	1.13	0.01

	灌木层碳密度 Shrub layer carbon density				草本层碳密度 Herb layer carbon density	凋落物层碳密度 Litter layer carbon density	总碳密度 Total carbon density
	根碳密度 Root carbon density	茎碳密度 Stem carbon density	叶碳密度 Leaf carbon density	当年枝碳密度 Annual branch carbon density	草本层碳密度 Herb layer carbon density	凋落物层碳密度 Litter layer carbon density	总碳密度 Total carbon density
地上部分碳密度 Aboveground carbon density		6.38 (0.50)	0.62 (0.05)	0.30 (0.05)	0.35 (0.03)		7.65 (0.57)
地下部分碳密度 Belowground carbon density	2.18 (0.19)				0.31 (0.03)		2.48 (0.18)
总碳密度 Total carbon density	9.48 (0.77)				0.66 (0.06)	1.56 (0.11)	11.70 (0.74)