Effects of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and re-warming

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Rhizophora stylosa plays a crucial role in coastal plant ecosystems, contributing to environmental pollution remediation, coastline stabilization, and water quality purification and filtration. Cold stress poses a significant challenge to breeding efforts in the modern era, impeding the normal growth of R. stylosa seedlings and consequently impacting the regeneration and distribution patterns of R. stylosa communities. Growth regulators can improve plant stress resistance. Revealing the alleviating effect of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of R. stylosa under low temperature stress could provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the cultivation, the low temperature prevention and control of R. stylosa.

Methods In this study, the effects of growth regulators on R. stylosa seedlings were investigated by comparing the photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids) content and photosynthetic parameters (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, transpiration rate) of R. stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming.

Important findings 1) Low temperature stress inhibited the photosynthetic process of R. stylosa seedlings by significantly declining the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic parameters. 2) Adding appropriate concentrations of growth regulators alleviated the low temperature inhibition, promoted the rewarming effect, and improved the photosynthetic process of R. stylosa. 3) Excessive concentrations of growth regulators (150 mg·L^-1 NAA) led to the aggravation of low temperature stress in R. stylosa seedlings, which highlighted the extreme importance to screen appropriate species and concentrations. 4) Principal component analysis showed that biennial R. stylosa seedlings had stronger low temperature resistance than annual R. stylosa seedlings. 5) Combining with membership function analysis, 100 and 200 mg·L^-1 GA₃, 150 mg·L^-1 IAA, 400 mg·L^-1 6-BA, and 50 mg·L^-1 NAA had better effects on R. stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming.

Key words: growth regulator, Rhizophora stylosa, photosynthetic characteristics, low temperature stress, rewarming, mitigation effect

OUYANG Zi-Long, JIA Xiang-Lu, SHI Jing-Zhong, TENG Wei-Chao, LIU Xiu. Effects of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and re-warming[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(4): 638-652.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

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Figures/Tables 12

References 45

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处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
Chl a
CK	0.30 ± 0.02^Acd	0.25 ± 0.03^Acd	0.27 ± 0.04^Ade	0.34 ± 0.03^Acd	0.29 ± 0.01^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.03^ABb
6-BA 100	0.32 ± 0.03^ABcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Babc	0.33 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.36 ± 0.03^Abc	0.30 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.01^ABb
6-BA 200	0.33 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.28 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.06^Aabce	0.39 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.33 ± 0.02^Babc	0.34 ± 0.01^Bb
6-BA 400	0.37 ± 0.02^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.36 ± 0.03^ABa	0.44 ± 0.01^Aa	0.34 ± 0.03^Bab	0.43 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.34 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Aa	0.35 ± 0.03^Aab	0.38 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Babc	0.36 ± 0.02^ABb
NAA 100	0.30 ± 0.01^Acd	0.25 ± 0.04^Bcd	0.31 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.35 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.31 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.04^Ab
NAA 150	0.27 ± 0.00^Ad	0.21 ± 0.01^Bd	0.24 ± 0.04^ABe	0.30 ± 0.02^Ad	0.23 ± 0.03^Bd	0.25 ± 0.01^ABc
GA₃ 100	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.34 ± 0.03^ABabc	0.43 ± 0.03^Aa	0.36 ± 0.04^Ba	0.37 ± 0.03^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.33 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.27 ± 0.04^Babc	0.30 ± 0.04^ABabcd	0.35 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.03^Ab
GA₃ 300	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.33 ± 0.04^Acd	0.28 ± 0.03^Acd	0.31 ± 0.04^Abc
IAA 50	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.28 ± 0.03^ABcde	0.36 ± 0.02^Abc	0.31 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.05^Ab
IAA 100	0.34 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.26 ± 0.04^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.40 ± 0.04^Aab	0.31 ± 0.03^Babc	0.36 ± 0.07^ABb
IAA 150	0.37 ± 0.02^Aa	0.25 ± 0.03C^cd	0.31 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.42 ± 0.06^Aa	0.29 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab
Chl b
CK	0.22 ± 0.01^Acd	0.14 ± 0.00C^de	0.18 ± 0.01^Bd	0.23 ± 0.02^Adef	0.18 ± 0.01^Bdef	0.20 ± 0.02^ABef
6-BA 100	0.23 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.19 ± 0.01^Babc	0.21 ± 0.02^ABbcd	0.23 ± 0.02^Acdef	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcde	0.21 ± 0.01^ABdef
6-BA 200	0.25 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.01^Ba	0.22 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.26 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.22 ± 0.02^Babc	0.24 ± 0.02^ABbcd
6-BA 400	0.27 ± 0.02^Aab	0.23 ± 0.01^Ba	0.24 ± 0.01^Bab	0.29 ± 0.01^Aab	0.23 ± 0.02^Bab	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbc
NAA 50	0.23 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.16 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.19 ± 0.02^ABcd	0.23 ± 0.04^Bcdef	0.17 ± 0.01C^ef	0.27 ± 0.01^Aab
NAA 100	0.19 ± 0.01^Ade	0.15 ± 0.03^Bde	0.17 ± 0.03^ABd	0.21 ± 0.02^Aef	0.15 ± 0.01^Bfg	0.19 ± 0.02^Af
NAA 150	0.17 ± 0.04^Ae	0.12 ± 0.03^Be	0.13 ± 0.01^Be	0.20 ± 0.02^Af	0.13 ± 0.01^Bg	0.15 ± 0.01^Bg
GA₃ 100	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.18 ± 0.03^Babcd	0.26 ± 0.02^Aa	0.30 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.03^Babc	0.29 ± 0.02^Aa
GA₃200	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.20 ± 0.03^Bab	0.21 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.22 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.23 ± 0.02^ABcde
GA₃300	0.25 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.04^Aa	0.21 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.25 ± 0.02^Acde	0.22 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.23 ± 0.03^Abcde
IAA 50	0.24 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.16 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.19 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.24 ± 0.01^Acde	0.19 ± 0.03^Bcde	0.20 ± 0.03^Bef
IAA 100	0.24 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.20 ± 0.01^Babc	0.22 ± 0.03^ABbc	0.25 ± 0.00^Acde	0.24 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.01^Adef
IAA 150	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.02^Ba	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aa	0.24 ± 0.03^Ba	0.26 ± 0.02^Babc
Chl a + b
CK	0.52 ± 0.03^Ade	0.39 ± 0.03^Be	0.45 ± 0.03^Bc	0.57 ± 0.04^Ade	0.47 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.52 ± 0.02^ABe
6-BA 100	0.54 ± 0.02^Acde	0.46 ± 0.04^Babcd	0.54 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.60 ± 0.05^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.53 ± 0.01^Be
6-BA 200	0.59 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.49 ± 0.03^Bab	0.54 ± 0.07^ABabc	0.64 ± 0.03^Abc	0.55 ± 0.02^Babc	0.59 ± 0.02^Bbcde
6-BA 400	0.63 ± 0.03^Aa	0.53 ± 0.03^Ba	0.59 ± 0.02^Aab	0.73 ± 0.02^Aa	0.57 ± 0.04^Bab	0.68 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.56 ± 0.01^Acd	0.48 ± 0.03^Babc	0.54 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.61 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.03^Bcd	0.62 ± 0.04^Aabcd
NAA 100	0.50 ± 0.03^Ae	0.40 ± 0.03^Bde	0.48 ± 0.04^Ac	0.56 ± 0.04^Ade	0.46 ± 0.04^Bd	0.51 ± 0.07^ABe
NAA 150	0.44 ± 0.04^Af	0.33 ± 0.02^Bf	0.37 ± 0.06^Bd	0.50 ± 0.04^Ae	0.36 ± 0.02^Be	0.40 ± 0.02^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.63 ± 0.05^Aab	0.49 ± 0.04^Bab	0.60 ± 0.05^Aa	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.58 ± 0.07^Ba	0.67 ± 0.05^Aab
GA₃200	0.59 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.47 ± 0.06^Babc	0.51 ± 0.06^Babc	0.62 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.52 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.57 ± 0.06^ABcde
GA₃300	0.57 ± 0.04^Abcd	0.47 ± 0.03^Babc	0.50 ± 0.05^ABbc	0.57 ± 0.06^Acd	0.50 ± 0.05^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.01^ABde
IAA 50	0.56 ± 0.04^Acd	0.42 ± 0.05^Bcde	0.47 ± 0.06^Bc	0.61 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.50 ± 0.08^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.08^Bde
IAA 100	0.57 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.46 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.51 ± 0.06^ABabc	0.65 ± 0.04^Ab	0.55 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.58 ± 0.08^Acde
IAA 150	0.65 ± 0.04^Aa	0.47 ± 0.05^Babcd	0.50 ± 0.04^Bbc	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.54 ± 0.02^Babc	0.63 ± 0.01^Babc

处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
Chl a
CK	0.30 ± 0.02^Acd	0.25 ± 0.03^Acd	0.27 ± 0.04^Ade	0.34 ± 0.03^Acd	0.29 ± 0.01^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.03^ABb
6-BA 100	0.32 ± 0.03^ABcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Babc	0.33 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.36 ± 0.03^Abc	0.30 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.01^ABb
6-BA 200	0.33 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.28 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.06^Aabce	0.39 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.33 ± 0.02^Babc	0.34 ± 0.01^Bb
6-BA 400	0.37 ± 0.02^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.36 ± 0.03^ABa	0.44 ± 0.01^Aa	0.34 ± 0.03^Bab	0.43 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.34 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Aa	0.35 ± 0.03^Aab	0.38 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Babc	0.36 ± 0.02^ABb
NAA 100	0.30 ± 0.01^Acd	0.25 ± 0.04^Bcd	0.31 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.35 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.31 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.04^Ab
NAA 150	0.27 ± 0.00^Ad	0.21 ± 0.01^Bd	0.24 ± 0.04^ABe	0.30 ± 0.02^Ad	0.23 ± 0.03^Bd	0.25 ± 0.01^ABc
GA₃ 100	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.34 ± 0.03^ABabc	0.43 ± 0.03^Aa	0.36 ± 0.04^Ba	0.37 ± 0.03^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.33 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.27 ± 0.04^Babc	0.30 ± 0.04^ABabcd	0.35 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.03^Ab
GA₃ 300	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.33 ± 0.04^Acd	0.28 ± 0.03^Acd	0.31 ± 0.04^Abc
IAA 50	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.28 ± 0.03^ABcde	0.36 ± 0.02^Abc	0.31 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.05^Ab
IAA 100	0.34 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.26 ± 0.04^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.40 ± 0.04^Aab	0.31 ± 0.03^Babc	0.36 ± 0.07^ABb
IAA 150	0.37 ± 0.02^Aa	0.25 ± 0.03C^cd	0.31 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.42 ± 0.06^Aa	0.29 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab
Chl b
CK	0.22 ± 0.01^Acd	0.14 ± 0.00C^de	0.18 ± 0.01^Bd	0.23 ± 0.02^Adef	0.18 ± 0.01^Bdef	0.20 ± 0.02^ABef
6-BA 100	0.23 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.19 ± 0.01^Babc	0.21 ± 0.02^ABbcd	0.23 ± 0.02^Acdef	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcde	0.21 ± 0.01^ABdef
6-BA 200	0.25 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.01^Ba	0.22 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.26 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.22 ± 0.02^Babc	0.24 ± 0.02^ABbcd
6-BA 400	0.27 ± 0.02^Aab	0.23 ± 0.01^Ba	0.24 ± 0.01^Bab	0.29 ± 0.01^Aab	0.23 ± 0.02^Bab	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbc
NAA 50	0.23 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.16 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.19 ± 0.02^ABcd	0.23 ± 0.04^Bcdef	0.17 ± 0.01C^ef	0.27 ± 0.01^Aab
NAA 100	0.19 ± 0.01^Ade	0.15 ± 0.03^Bde	0.17 ± 0.03^ABd	0.21 ± 0.02^Aef	0.15 ± 0.01^Bfg	0.19 ± 0.02^Af
NAA 150	0.17 ± 0.04^Ae	0.12 ± 0.03^Be	0.13 ± 0.01^Be	0.20 ± 0.02^Af	0.13 ± 0.01^Bg	0.15 ± 0.01^Bg
GA₃ 100	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.18 ± 0.03^Babcd	0.26 ± 0.02^Aa	0.30 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.03^Babc	0.29 ± 0.02^Aa
GA₃200	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.20 ± 0.03^Bab	0.21 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.22 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.23 ± 0.02^ABcde
GA₃300	0.25 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.04^Aa	0.21 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.25 ± 0.02^Acde	0.22 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.23 ± 0.03^Abcde
IAA 50	0.24 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.16 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.19 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.24 ± 0.01^Acde	0.19 ± 0.03^Bcde	0.20 ± 0.03^Bef
IAA 100	0.24 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.20 ± 0.01^Babc	0.22 ± 0.03^ABbc	0.25 ± 0.00^Acde	0.24 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.01^Adef
IAA 150	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.02^Ba	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aa	0.24 ± 0.03^Ba	0.26 ± 0.02^Babc
Chl a + b
CK	0.52 ± 0.03^Ade	0.39 ± 0.03^Be	0.45 ± 0.03^Bc	0.57 ± 0.04^Ade	0.47 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.52 ± 0.02^ABe
6-BA 100	0.54 ± 0.02^Acde	0.46 ± 0.04^Babcd	0.54 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.60 ± 0.05^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.53 ± 0.01^Be
6-BA 200	0.59 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.49 ± 0.03^Bab	0.54 ± 0.07^ABabc	0.64 ± 0.03^Abc	0.55 ± 0.02^Babc	0.59 ± 0.02^Bbcde
6-BA 400	0.63 ± 0.03^Aa	0.53 ± 0.03^Ba	0.59 ± 0.02^Aab	0.73 ± 0.02^Aa	0.57 ± 0.04^Bab	0.68 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.56 ± 0.01^Acd	0.48 ± 0.03^Babc	0.54 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.61 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.03^Bcd	0.62 ± 0.04^Aabcd
NAA 100	0.50 ± 0.03^Ae	0.40 ± 0.03^Bde	0.48 ± 0.04^Ac	0.56 ± 0.04^Ade	0.46 ± 0.04^Bd	0.51 ± 0.07^ABe
NAA 150	0.44 ± 0.04^Af	0.33 ± 0.02^Bf	0.37 ± 0.06^Bd	0.50 ± 0.04^Ae	0.36 ± 0.02^Be	0.40 ± 0.02^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.63 ± 0.05^Aab	0.49 ± 0.04^Bab	0.60 ± 0.05^Aa	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.58 ± 0.07^Ba	0.67 ± 0.05^Aab
GA₃200	0.59 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.47 ± 0.06^Babc	0.51 ± 0.06^Babc	0.62 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.52 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.57 ± 0.06^ABcde
GA₃300	0.57 ± 0.04^Abcd	0.47 ± 0.03^Babc	0.50 ± 0.05^ABbc	0.57 ± 0.06^Acd	0.50 ± 0.05^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.01^ABde
IAA 50	0.56 ± 0.04^Acd	0.42 ± 0.05^Bcde	0.47 ± 0.06^Bc	0.61 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.50 ± 0.08^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.08^Bde
IAA 100	0.57 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.46 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.51 ± 0.06^ABabc	0.65 ± 0.04^Ab	0.55 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.58 ± 0.08^Acde
IAA 150	0.65 ± 0.04^Aa	0.47 ± 0.05^Babcd	0.50 ± 0.04^Bbc	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.54 ± 0.02^Babc	0.63 ± 0.01^Babc

处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
CK	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
6-BA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bc	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 400	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Ab
NAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bcde	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.03 ± 0.00^Adef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bcd
NAA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
NAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Ad	0.01 ± 0.00^Ce	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.01^Ba	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.03 ± 0.00^Acde	0.03 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.03 ± 0.00^Bc
GA₃ 300	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Ac	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ae
IAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.04 ± 0.01^Aab
IAA 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.01^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
IAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.02 ± 0.00^Babc	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.05 ± 0.01^Aa	0.04 ± 0.01^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Ba

处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
CK	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
6-BA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bc	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 400	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Ab
NAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bcde	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.03 ± 0.00^Adef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bcd
NAA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
NAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Ad	0.01 ± 0.00^Ce	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.01^Ba	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.03 ± 0.00^Acde	0.03 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.03 ± 0.00^Bc
GA₃ 300	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Ac	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ae
IAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.04 ± 0.01^Aab
IAA 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.01^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
IAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.02 ± 0.00^Babc	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.05 ± 0.01^Aa	0.04 ± 0.01^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Ba

处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual		二年生 Biennial		一年生 Annual		二年生 Biennial
	T2	T3	T2	T3	T2	T3	T2	T3
	平均隶属度 Average membership				排名 Rank
CK	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.21	12	12	12	12
6-BA 100	0.52	0.51	0.44	0.39	8	8	9	9
6-BA 200	0.57	0.63	0.46	0.47	5	5	7	7
6-BA 400	0.75	0.82	0.77	0.74	1	1	2	3
NAA 50	0.57	0.64	0.47	0.63	6	4	6	4
NAA 100	0.24	0.32	0.32	0.28	11	11	11	11
NAA 150	0.06	0.03	0.06	0.00	13	13	13	13
GA₃ 100	0.72	0.80	0.74	0.77	4	2	4	2
GA₃ 200	0.74	0.60	0.77	0.57	2	6	3	6
GA₃ 300	0.37	0.40	0.44	0.34	10	10	8	10
IAA 50	0.44	0.44	0.37	0.45	9	9	10	8
IAA 100	0.55	0.60	0.68	0.63	7	7	5	5
IAA 150	0.74	0.77	0.89	0.88	3	3	1	1