植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 317-326.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0046

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

草原群落生物量和土壤有机质含量对改良措施的动态响应

张璐1,郝匕台1,齐丽雪1,李艳龙1,徐慧敏1,杨丽娜2,宝音陶格涛1,*()   

  1. 1 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021;
    2 太仆寺旗委组织部, 内蒙古锡林郭勒盟 027000
  • 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2017-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 宝音陶格涛 ORCID:0000-0003-1280-3794
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31160138);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2005ZD05);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAC02B00);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050400)

Dynamic responses of aboveground biomass and soil organic matter content to grassland restoration

ZHANG Lu1,HAO Bi-Tai1,QI Li-Xue1,LI Yan-Long1,XU Hui-Min1,YANG Li-Na2,BAOYIN Taogetao1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021, China;
    2 Taibus Committee Organization Department, Xilin Gol League, Nei Mongol 027000, China
  • Online:2018-03-20 Published:2017-06-16
  • Contact: Taogetao BAOYIN ORCID:0000-0003-1280-3794
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(31160138);the Natural Science Foundation of Nei Monggol Autonomous Region, China(2005ZD05);the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2015BAC02B00);the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05050400)

摘要:

基于1983年开始的改良恢复长期观测试验, 研究了在排除干扰的围封保护下, 不同恢复改良措施对内蒙古退化羊草(Leymus chinensis)草原群落地上生物量和土壤有机质含量动态变化过程的影响, 改良恢复措施包括浅耕翻、耙地和自然恢复。结果表明: (1)地上生物量在前期(1983-1991年)的动态变化特征为自然恢复处理显著低于浅耕翻处理, 耙地处理与其余两个处理没有显著差异。中期(1992-2006年)各处理之间无显著差异; 后期(2007-2014年)为自然恢复>耙地>浅耕翻, 且自然恢复与浅耕翻处理之间有显著差异。(2) 0-10 cm土壤有机质含量在前期的动态变化特征为浅耕翻>耙地>自然恢复, 且处理之间有显著差异, 自然恢复、浅耕翻、耙地处理相对1983年土壤有机质分别增加了21%、45%、37%; 中期和后期自然恢复处理显著大于浅耕翻处理, 耙地处理介于两个处理之间且与二者没有显著差异。中期自然恢复、浅耕翻、耙地处理有机质含量相对1983年分别增加了61%、46%、57%, 后期分别增加了67%、51%、62%。(3) 10-30 cm土壤有机质在前期浅耕翻>自然恢复>耙地, 且各处理之间有显著差异; 中期和后期各处理之间无显著差异。总之, 应依据恢复目标的不同, 选择不同的改良措施。在短时间尺度上, 浅耕翻有利于退化羊草草原生产力和土壤有机碳的快速恢复, 而长时间尺度上自然恢复和耙地的效益更明显。

关键词: 退化羊草草原, 改良措施, 地上生物量, 土壤有机质含量, 动态变化

Abstract:

Aims Based on a long-term observation experiment set up in 1983, which was designed to test how different restoration measures would affect the aboveground biomass and soil organic matter content in a degraded Leymus chinensis steppe in Nei Mongol, under the enclosure protection from interference. Our restoration measures included shallow plowing, harrowing and natural restoration.

Methods This experiment used the quadrat method (five replicates) to survey the aboveground biomass and the potassium dichromate oxidation volumetric method to analyze soil organic matter content.

Important findings Results showed that the changes of aboveground biomass in the early period (1983-1991) were significantly higher under shallow plowing treatment than under natural restoration, while those under the harrowing treatment were not significantly different from those under the rest two treatments. In the middle period (1991-2006), there the three treatments had no significant different changes of aboveground biomass. In the late period (2006-2014), the changes of aboveground biomass were in the order of natural restoration > harrowing > shallow plowing, while the difference was significant between natural restoration and shallow plowing. The changes of soil organic matter content in the 0-10 cm soil layer in the early period was significantly different under different treatments and was in the order of shallow plowing > harrowing > natural restoration. Compared to the initial value (1983), natural restoration, harrowing, and shallow plowing treatments increased soil organic matter content by 21%, 45%, and 37% respectively. In middle and late period, natural restoration increased soil organic matter content significantly more than shallow plowing did, while harrowing treatment result was between the two treatment results and was not significantly different from natural restoration and shallow plowing. Natural restoration, harrowing, shallow plowing increased soil organic matter content by 61%, 46%, and 57% respectively in the middle period and by 67%, 51%, 62% in the later period. The changes of soil organic matter content in the 10-30 cm soil layer in the early period was significantly different under different treatments and was in the order of shallow plowing > natural restoration > harrowing. In middle and late periods, there was no significant difference among treatments. In summary, different improvement measures should be chosen according to the objectives of recovery. On a short time scale, shallow plowing is beneficial to the rapid restoration of productivity and soil organic carbon content in the degraded Leymus chinensis steppe, while the benefit of natural restoration and harrowing is more obvious on a longer time scale.

Key words: degraded Leymus chinensis steppe, improving measures, aboveground biomass, organic matter content in soil, dynamic change