羊草功能性状对施肥的动态响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0067

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 943-953.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0067

羊草功能性状对施肥的动态响应

代景忠¹, 白玉婷², 卫智军³, 张楚⁴, 辛晓平⁴, 闫玉春⁴, 闫瑞瑞⁴^,^*()

¹铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院, 贵州铜仁 554300
²滨州学院山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室, 山东滨州 256603
³内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院, 呼和浩特 010019
⁴中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2022-02-18 接受日期:2022-07-06 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-21
通讯作者: *闫瑞瑞(yanruirui@caas.cn)
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0703904);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1300503);国家自然科学基金(31971769);农业科技创新联盟建设-农业基础性长期性科技工作(NAES037SQ18);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020YJ19);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132021016);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)

Dynamic response of functional traits to fertilization in Leymus chinensis

DAI Jing-Zhong¹, BAI Yu-Ting², WEI Zhi-Jun³, ZHANG Chu⁴, XIN Xiao-Ping⁴, YAN Yu-Chun⁴, YAN Rui-Rui⁴^,^*()

¹College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
²Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, China
³College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
⁴Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2022-02-18 Accepted:2022-07-06 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-21
Contact: *YAN Rui-Rui(yanruirui@caas.cn)
Supported by:
the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF0703904);the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1300503);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971769);Construction of Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance-Basic Long-term Agricultural Science and Technology Work(NAES037SQ18);The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution(Y2020YJ19);The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution(1610132021016);The Special Funding for Modern Agricultural Technology Systems from the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture(CARS-34)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究不同施肥水平下羊草(Leymus chinensis)功能性状的变化规律和响应机制以及影响羊草单株质量的主要表型驱动因子, 可为干扰状态下植物功能性状响应环境变化及天然草场植物种群恢复的研究提供理论依据和参考。该研究以呼伦贝尔固定草场的羊草为研究对象, 首先用9QP-830型草地破土切根机对草地进行切根处理, 然后施用不同水平的氮磷混合肥料, 最后分期测定羊草营养生长期内单株高度、叶长、自然叶宽、展开叶宽、茎宽、茎长、叶质量、茎质量、单株质量等多个功能性状, 并对施肥前后羊草功能性状的动态变化进行分析。结果显示: (1)施肥显著地提高了羊草营养生长后期的单株质量, 增加了株高、叶长、自然叶宽、展开叶宽、叶面积、茎长、茎宽和茎质量, 降低了叶干物质含量和茎干物质含量。(2)施肥改变了羊草营养时期内各功能性状的变化趋势。随施肥水平的提高, 羊草株高、叶长、自然叶宽、展开叶宽、叶面积、比叶面积、茎长、茎宽、茎质量由先增后减的变化趋势变成逐渐增加, 而叶干物质含量、茎干物质含量则由先减后增的变化趋势变成逐渐减少。(3)羊草表型性状和质量性状关系密切, 叶面积与单株质量、茎干物质含量呈正相关关系, 与叶干物质含量呈负相关关系。(4)施肥改变了羊草营养生长期内表型性状对单株质量的贡献率, 施肥后羊草表型性状权重由“集中—分散—集中—分散—集中”式变为“分散—集中—分散—集中—分散”式。羊草营养生长过程中, 株高对施肥响应最为敏感, 它也是影响羊草单株质量的主要表型驱动因子。

关键词: 羊草, 施肥, 功能性状, 动态变化, 敏感性, 驱动因子

Abstract:

Aims The aims are to understand the change rule and response mechanism of Leymus chinensis under the disturbance and to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the research on the response of plant functional traits to environmental changes under interference and the restoration of plant population in natural grassland.

Methods We investigated the impacts of fertilization on functional traits of leaves, stems and the whole plant of L. chinensis in the vegetative phase in a meadow in Hulun Buir. Firstly, a ground intrusive root-cutting machine (9QP-830) was used to cut the roots of the grassland, and then different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus mixed fertilizers were applied. Finally, multiple functional traits including single plant height, leaf length, natural leaf width, unfolded leaf width, stem width, stem length, leaf mass, stem mass and single plant mass were measured by stages during the vegetative growth period of L. chinensis. The dynamic changes of functional traits before and after fertilization were analyzed.

Important findings (1) Fertilization significantly increased the aboveground biomass of L. chinensis in the later vegetative growth stage, increased plant height, leaf length, natural leaf width, unfolded leaf width, leaf area, stem length, stem width and stem mass, and decreased leaf dry matter content and stem dry matter content. (2) Fertilization significantly modified the changing trend of functional traits of L. chinensis during the nutritional period. With the increase of fertilization level, plant height, leaf length, natural leaf width, unfolded leaf width, leaf area, specific leaf area, stem length, stem width and stem mass increased gradually from the first increase and then decrease trend of change into a gradual increase, while leaf dry matter content and stem dry matter content decreased gradually. (3) There was a close relationship between phenotypic traits and mass traits of L. chinensis. Leaf area was positively correlated with aboveground biomass and stem dry matter content, and negatively correlated with leaf dry matter content. (4) Fertilization changed the contribution rate of phenotypic traits to aboveground biomass during vegetative growth period of L. chinensis. After fertilization, the phenotypic weight of L. chinensis changed from “concentration-dispersion-concentration-dispersion-concentration” to “dispersion-concentration-dispersion-concentration-dispersion”. In the process of vegetative growth of L. chinensis, plant height is the most sensitive trait to fertilization, and it is also the main phenotypic driving factor affecting the aboveground biomass.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, fertilization, functional trait, dynamic change, sensibility, driving factor

代景忠, 白玉婷, 卫智军, 张楚, 辛晓平, 闫玉春, 闫瑞瑞. 羊草功能性状对施肥的动态响应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(7): 943-953. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0067

DAI Jing-Zhong, BAI Yu-Ting, WEI Zhi-Jun, ZHANG Chu, XIN Xiao-Ping, YAN Yu-Chun, YAN Rui-Rui. Dynamic response of functional traits to fertilization in Leymus chinensis. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(7): 943-953. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0067

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0067

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I7/943

图/表 6

表1 不同施肥处理下羊草功能性状的差异(平均值±标准差)

Table 1 Differences in functional properties of Leymus chinensis under different fertilization treatments (mean±SD)

图1 不同施肥处理下羊草叶功能性状的变化趋势。ALW, 展开叶宽; LA, 展叶面积; LDMC, 叶干物质含量; LL, 叶长; NLW, 自然叶宽; SLA, 比叶面积。R2, 决定系数; p, 显著水平; ns, 拟合效果不显著。CK, 对照; HF, 高水平施肥; LF, 低水平施肥; MF, 中水平施肥。

Fig. 1 Dynamics of leaf functional traits of Leymus chinensis under different fertilization treatments. ALW, unfolded leaf width; LA, leaf area; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LL, average leaf length; NLW, natural leaf width; SLA, specific leaf area. R2, coefficient of determination; p, significant level; ns, fitting effect is not significant. CK, control; HF, high level of fertilization; LF, low level of fertilization; MF, medium level of fertilization.

图2 不同施肥处理下羊草茎功能性状的变化趋势。SDMC, 茎干物质含量; SL, 茎长; SM, 茎质量; SW, 茎宽。R2, 决定系数; p, 显著性水平; ns, 拟合效果不显著。CK, 对照; HF, 高水平施肥; LF, 低水平施肥; MF, 中水平施肥。

Fig. 2 Dynamics of stem functional traits of Leymus chinensis under different fertilization treatments. SDMC, stem dry matter content; SL, stem length; SM, stem mass; SW, stem width. R2, coefficient of determination; p, significant level; ns, fitting effect is not significant. CK, control; HF, high level of fertilization; LF, low level of fertilization; MF, medium level of fertilization.

图3 不同施肥处理下羊草植株功能性状的变化趋势。AB, 单株质量; PH, 株高。R2, 决定系数; p, 显著性水平; ns, 拟合效果不显著。CK, 对照; HF, 高水平施肥; LF, 低水平施肥; MF, 中水平施肥。

Fig. 3 Dynamics of plant functional traits of Leymus chinensis under different fertilization treatments. AB, aboveground biomass; PH, plant height. R2, coefficient of determination; p, significant level; ns, fitting effect is not significant. CK, control; HF, high level of fertilization; LF, low level of fertilization; MF, medium level of fertilization.

表2 羊草表型性状与质量性状之间的典型相关分析

Table 2 Canonical correlation analysis between phenotypic traits and quality traits in Leymus chinensis

功能性状 Functional trait	典型相关系数 Canonical correlation coefficient	典型变量 Canonical variable	性状系数 Coefficient of trait
表型性状 Phenotypic trait	0.97^**	U1	LL	NLW	ALW	LA	SL	SW	PH
			-1.19	-0.22	-2.41	4.76	0.91	0.17	-1.02
质量性状 Mass trait		V1	AB	LDMC	SDMC
			0.82	0.06	-0.31
表型性状 Phenotypic trait	0.85^*	U2	LL	NLW	ALW	LA	SL	SW	PH
			-5.99	-1.49	-10.24	16.53	-0.31	1.18	-0.22
质量性状 Mass trait		V2	AB	LDMC	SDMC
			0.57	-1.00	1.15

图4 不同施肥处理下羊草表型性状对单株质量的贡献率。A, 对照。B, 低水平施肥。C, 中水平施肥。D, 高水平施肥。ALW, 展开叶宽; LA, 展叶面积; LL, 叶长; NLW, 自然叶宽; PH, 株高; SL, 茎长; SW, 茎宽。

Fig. 4 Contribution of phenotypic traits to individual plant quality of Leymus chinensis under different fertilization treatments. A, control. B, Low level of fertilization. C, Medium level of fertilization. D, High level of fertilization. ALW, unfolded leaf width; LA, spread leaf area; LL, average leaf length; NLW, natural leaf width; PH, plant height; SL, stem length; SW, stem width.

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羊草功能性状对施肥的动态响应

Dynamic response of functional traits to fertilization in Leymus chinensis

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