中国北方温带灌丛生物量的分布及其与环境的关系

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0199

植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 22-30.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0199

所属专题：中国灌丛生态系统碳储量的研究

中国北方温带灌丛生物量的分布及其与环境的关系

杨弦¹, 郭焱培¹, 安尼瓦尔·买买提², 刘鸿雁¹, 马文红³, 于顺利⁴, 唐志尧^1,^*()

¹北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京 100871
²中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011
³内蒙古大学生命科学学院, 呼和浩特 010021
⁴中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093

收稿日期:2016-06-13 接受日期:2016-06-23 出版日期:2017-01-10 发布日期:2017-01-23
通讯作者: 唐志尧
作者简介:* 通信作者Author for correspondence (E-mail:sunzhiqiang1956@sina.com)
基金资助:
中国科学院战略先导性科技专项(XDA05050301和XDA05050700)和科技部科技基础性工作专项(2011FY110300)

Distribution of biomass in relation to environments in shrublands of temperate China

Xian YANG¹, Yan-Pei GUO¹, Anwar MOHHAMOT², Hong-Yan LIU¹, Wen-Hong MA³, Shun-Li YU⁴, Zhi-Yao TANG^1,^*()

¹College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

²Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China;

³College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China

⁴State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China

Received:2016-06-13 Accepted:2016-06-23 Online:2017-01-10 Published:2017-01-23
Contact: Zhi-Yao TANG
About author:KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: kangjingyao_nj@163.com。

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前对植物生物量分布格局和分配的研究多集中在森林和草地生态系统, 对灌丛的相关研究较少。灌丛是中国北方广泛分布的植被。研究灌丛生物量分布格局及其分配是对估算我国陆地生态系统碳库的重要补充。该文通过对中国北方温带灌丛的大范围野外调查和采样, 计算中国北方433个典型灌丛样地的生物量及其在各器官间的分配, 并研究它们与气候和土壤营养等环境因子的关系。结果表明: 中国北方温带灌丛平均生物量为12.5 t·hm^-2, 其中灌木层地上、地下生物量分别为4.5和5.4 t·hm^-2, 草本层地上、地下生物量分别为0.8和1.8 t·hm^-2; 凋落物量为2.5 t·hm^-2。不同类型中, 温带落叶灌丛、亚高山落叶阔叶灌丛、荒漠灌丛平均生物量分别为14.4、28.8和5.0 t·hm^-2。东西部生物量分布差异较大, 东部温带落叶灌丛总生物量高于西部的荒漠灌丛。东部温带落叶灌丛中, 东北地区的灌丛生物量稍低于华北地区。灌木的地下-地上生物量比不随水分和土壤养分变化, 而叶-枝生物量比受水分影响, 在干旱区域叶-枝生物量比较低。

关键词: 灌丛, 生物量密度, 地下-地上生物量比, 叶-枝生物量比

Abstract:

Aims Shrubland is one of the most widely distributed vegetation types in northern China. Previous studies on pattern and dynamics of plant biomass have been focused on forest and grassland ecosystems, while relevant knowledge on shrubland ecosystems is lacking. It is important to include shrublands in northern China to improve the accuracy in estimating the terrestrial ecosystem biomass in China.
Methods Based on investigations and samplings from 433 shrubland sites, we explored the distribution and allocation patterns of biomass in relation to climatic and soil nutrient factors of shrublands of temperate China.
Important findings The average shrubland biomass density in northern China is 12.5 t·hm^-2. It decreases significantly from temperate deciduous shrubland in northeast to desert shrubland in northwest. The average biomass density of temperate deciduous shrubland, alpine shrubland, and desert shrubland is 14.4, 28.8, and 5.0 t·hm^-2, respectively. Within temperate deciduous shrublands, plant biomass is lower in North China than in Northeast China. The average aboveground and belowground biomass density of shrub layer is 4.5 and 5.4 t·hm^-2, respectively; while that of grass layer is 0.8 and 1.8 t·hm^-2, respectively. Environmental factors affect biomass allocation across different plant organs. The belowground-aboveground biomass ratio of shrub exhibits no significant changes with environmental variables. The leaf-stem ratio increases with annual precipitation, and leaf biomass is low in arid region.

Key words: shrubland biome, biomass density, belowground-aboveground biomass ratio, leaf-stem biomass ratio

杨弦, 郭焱培, 安尼瓦尔·买买提, 刘鸿雁, 马文红, 于顺利, 唐志尧. 中国北方温带灌丛生物量的分布及其与环境的关系. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0199

Xian YANG, Yan-Pei GUO, Anwar MOHHAMOT, Hong-Yan LIU, Wen-Hong MA, Shun-Li YU, Zhi-Yao TANG. Distribution of biomass in relation to environments in shrublands of temperate China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(1): 22-30. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0199

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0199

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I1/22

图/表 6

图1 样地分布图。

Fig. 1 Distribution of sampling sites.

表1 中国北方主要灌丛植被型的生物量密度

Table 1 Biomass density of major shrubland types of Northern China

灌丛类型 Shrubland type	温带落叶灌丛 Temperate deciduous shrublands (mean ± SE)	亚高山落叶灌丛 Alpine shrublands (mean ± SE)	荒漠灌丛 Desert shrublands (mean ± SE)	所有 Overall (mean ± SE)
样地数 No. of study site	321	4	108	433
生物量 Biomass (t·hm^-2)	14.4	28.8	5.0	12.5
地上生物量 Aboveground biomass	6.0	13.0	2.5	5.3
灌木层 Shrub layer	5.2 ± 0.3	12.2 ± 4.3	2.0 ± 0.3	4.5 ± 0.3
草本层 Herb layer	0.8 ± 0.0	0.8 ± 0.2	0.4 ± 0.1	0.8 ± 0.0
地下生物量 Belowground biomass	8.4	15.8	2.5	7.2
灌木层 Shrub layer	6.5 ± 0.4	13.2 ± 6.4	2.0 ± 0.5	5.4 ± 0.4
草本层 Herb layer	1.9 ± 0.1	2.6 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.1	1.8 ± 0.1
凋落物量 Litterfall (t·hm^-2)	2.6 ± 0.2	2.2 ± 0.5	1.4 ± 0.2	2.5 ± 0.2

图2 中国北方温带灌丛植被总生物量空间分布格局。

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of vegetation biomass in shrubland of the northern China.

图3 中国北方灌丛不同组分生物量分布。A, 灌木层地上生物量。B, 灌木层地下生物量。C, 草本层地上生物量。D, 草本层地下生物量。E, 总地上生物量。F, 总地下生物量。

Fig. 3 Spatial distributions of above and belowground biomass in shrubland of the northern China. A, Aboveground biomass of shrub layer. B, Belowground biomass of shrub layer. C, Aboveground biomass of herb layer. D, Belowground biomass of herb layer. E, Total aboveground biomass. F, Total belowground biomass.

图4 中国北方温带落叶灌丛和荒漠灌丛灌木地下-地上生物量比和叶-枝生物量比频度分布, A, 温带落叶灌丛地下-地上生物量比。B, 温带落叶灌丛叶-枝生物量比。C, 荒漠灌丛地下-地上生物量比。D, 荒漠灌丛叶-枝生物量比。

Fig. 4 Frequency distributions of belowground:aboveground biomass ratio (BGB:AGB) and leaf:stem biomass ratio of shrubs in the temperate deciduous shrubland and dessert shrubland of the northern China. A, Belowground:aboveground biomass ratio in the temperate deciduous shrubland. B, Leaf:stem biomass ratio in the temperate deciduous shrubland. C, Belowground: aboveground biomass ratio in the dessert shrubland. D, Leaf:stem biomass ratio in the dessert shrubland.

图5 中国北方灌丛地下-地上生物量比(A-D)和叶-枝生物量比(E-H)与环境的关系。点线: p > 0.01; 短划线: 0.001< p < 0.01; 实线: p < 0.001。

Fig. 5 Distribution of belowground:aboveground biomass ratio (A-D) and leaf:stem biomass ratio (E-H) in shrubland of the northern China in relation to environmental variables. Fitted lines show significant relationships (dotted line: p > 0.01; dashed line: 0.001< p < 0.01; solid line: p < 0.001). AGB, aboveground biomass; BGB, belowground biomass. MAT, mean annual temperature; AP, annual precipitation; STN, soil total nitrogen concentration; STP, soil total phosphorus concentration.

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中国北方温带灌丛生物量的分布及其与环境的关系

Distribution of biomass in relation to environments in shrublands of temperate China

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