华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异 规律

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0162

植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 825-833.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0162

华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异规律

唐丽丽¹,杨彤¹,刘鸿雁²,康慕谊^3,⁴,王仁卿⁵,张峰⁶,高贤明⁷,岳明⁸,张梅¹,郑璞帆¹,石福臣^1,^*()

¹南开大学生命科学学院, 天津 300071
²北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京大学生态研究中心, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
³北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
⁴北京师范大学地理科学学部自然资源学院, 北京 100875
⁵山东大学生命科学学院, 济南 250100
⁶山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006
⁷中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点试验室, 北京 100093
⁸西北大学西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室, 西安 710069

收稿日期:2018-07-07 接受日期:2018-10-29 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2020-01-03
通讯作者: 石福臣
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项(2011FY110300);天津市农业农村委员会项目(ITTFPRS2018001);天津市科学技术委员会项目(18ZXZYNC00120)

Distribution and species diversity patterns of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China

TANG Li-Li¹,YANG Tong¹,LIU Hong-Yan²,KANG Mu-Yi^3,⁴,WANG Ren-Qing⁵,ZHANG Feng⁶,GAO Xian-Ming⁷,YUE Ming⁸,ZHANG Mei¹,ZHENG Pu-Fan¹,SHI Fu-Chen^1,^*()

¹College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
²Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
³State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
⁴College of Resources Science & Technology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
⁵School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
⁶Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
⁷State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academic of Science, Beijing 100093, China
⁸Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China

Received:2018-07-07 Accepted:2018-10-29 Online:2019-09-20 Published:2020-01-03
Contact: SHI Fu-Chen
Supported by:
Supported by the National Basic work of Science and Technology of China(2011FY110300);the Special Fund for the Industrial System Construction of Modern Agriculture of Tianjin, China(ITTFPRS2018001);and the Program of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Tianjin, China(18ZXZYNC00120)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生境差异是影响植物群落及其物种多样性分布格局的重要因素。该研究基于370个荆条(Vitex negundo var. heterophylla)灌丛的野外调查样方, 结合多元回归树(MRT)、显著性分析、Pearson相关分析等技术手段, 分析了华北地区荆条灌丛及其物种多样性的空间分布格局。结果表明: 荆条灌丛的经纬度均跨越10°以上, 可分为高、中、低纬度分布区; 分布海拔则从117 m至1 248 m跨越了1 000 m以上, 也可分为高、中、低海拔分布区。所有分布区中荆条灌丛草本层的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和均匀度指数均高于灌木层。灌木层物种多样性随着纬度的降低而降低, 随着海拔的升高而降低; 草本层相反, 物种多样性随着纬度降低而升高, 随着海拔升高而升高。灌木层和草本层的物种丰富度(Shannon-Wiener指数)与水、热、地形等环境因子显著相关, 其中灌木层物种多样性随着气温、坡位升高而显著减少, 随着降水的增加而显著增加;草本层则相反。

关键词: 荆条灌丛, 物种多样性指数, 分布格局, 植物群落

Abstract:

Aims To explore the factors controlling the spatial distribution, as well as the species diversity, of the Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China.
Methods We investigated the species composition and environments for 370 shrubland plots of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China. We calculated biodiversity indices (Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and Pielou’s evenness index) and then applied multivariate regression trees (MRT), analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis to disentangle distribution of the Vitex negundo var. heterophylla community and patterns of species diversity along both horizontal and elevational gradients.
Important findings The results showed that Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands distributed in a large area stretching for more than 10° of both latitude and longitude, together with an elevational range of more than 1 000 m (117 m to 1 248 m). The Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and Pielou’s evenness index were higher in the herbaceous layer than those in the shrub layers. The species diversity of shrub layer increased with latitude but decreased with elevation. In contrast, that of the herbaceous layer decreased with latitude but increased with elevation. The Shannon-Wiener indexes of both layers were significantly correlated with environmental factors. The results of Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the Shannon-Wiener indexes of shrub layer had a significantly negative relationship with its temperature and slope position, and a significantly positive relationship with its precipitation. However, that of herb layer showed opposite trends.

Key words: Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrubland, species diversity index, spatial pattern, plant community

唐丽丽, 杨彤, 刘鸿雁, 康慕谊, 王仁卿, 张峰, 高贤明, 岳明, 张梅, 郑璞帆, 石福臣. 华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异规律. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(9): 825-833. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0162

TANG Li-Li, YANG Tong, LIU Hong-Yan, KANG Mu-Yi, WANG Ren-Qing, ZHANG Feng, GAO Xian-Ming, YUE Ming, ZHANG Mei, ZHENG Pu-Fan, SHI Fu-Chen. Distribution and species diversity patterns of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(9): 825-833. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0162

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0162

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2019/V43/I9/825

图/表 8

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重要值排序 Order of important value	灌木层 Shrub layer					草本层 Herb layer
重要值排序 Order of important value	群丛1 Association 1	群丛2 Association 2	群丛3 Association 3	群丛4 Association 4	群丛5 Association 5	群丛1 Association 1	群丛2 Association 2	群丛3 Association 3	群丛4 Association 4	群丛5 Association 5
1	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	中华隐子草 Cleistogenes chinensis	披针薹草 Carex lancifolia	阿拉伯黄背草 Themeda triandra
2	雀儿舌头 Leptopus chinensis	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	多花胡枝子 Lespedeza floribunda	黄刺玫 Rosa xanthina	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	披针薹草 Carex lancifolia	针茅 Stipa capillata	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	早熟禾 Poa annua	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei
3	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	兴安胡枝子 Lespedeza daurica	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea	多花胡枝子 Lespedeza floribunda	碱菀 Tripolium vulgare	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	猪毛菜 Salsola collina	碱菀 Tripolium vulgare	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum
4	小叶朴 Celtis bungeana	红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea	薄皮木 Leptodermis oblonga	蚂蚱腿子 Myripnois dioica	白刺花 Sophora davidii	大油芒 Spodiopogon sibiricus	矛叶荩草 Arthraxon lanceolatus	野艾蒿 Artemisia lavandulaefolia	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	羊须草 Carex callitrichos
5	山杏 Armeniaca sibirica	茅莓 Rubus parvifolius	多花木蓝 Indigofera amblyantha	三裂绣线菊 Spiraea trilobata	胡枝子 Lespedeza bicolor	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	丛生隐子草 Cleistogenes caespitosa	臭草 Melica scabrosa	山蒿 Artemisia brachyloba	荩草 Arthraxon hispidus

重要值排序 Order of important value	灌木层 Shrub layer					草本层 Herb layer
重要值排序 Order of important value	群丛1 Association 1	群丛2 Association 2	群丛3 Association 3	群丛4 Association 4	群丛5 Association 5	群丛1 Association 1	群丛2 Association 2	群丛3 Association 3	群丛4 Association 4	群丛5 Association 5
1	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	荆条 Vitex negundo var. heterophylla	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	中华隐子草 Cleistogenes chinensis	披针薹草 Carex lancifolia	阿拉伯黄背草 Themeda triandra
2	雀儿舌头 Leptopus chinensis	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	多花胡枝子 Lespedeza floribunda	黄刺玫 Rosa xanthina	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	披针薹草 Carex lancifolia	针茅 Stipa capillata	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	早熟禾 Poa annua	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei
3	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	兴安胡枝子 Lespedeza daurica	酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa	红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea	多花胡枝子 Lespedeza floribunda	碱菀 Tripolium vulgare	北京隐子草 Cleistogenes hancei	猪毛菜 Salsola collina	碱菀 Tripolium vulgare	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum
4	小叶朴 Celtis bungeana	红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea	薄皮木 Leptodermis oblonga	蚂蚱腿子 Myripnois dioica	白刺花 Sophora davidii	大油芒 Spodiopogon sibiricus	矛叶荩草 Arthraxon lanceolatus	野艾蒿 Artemisia lavandulaefolia	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	羊须草 Carex callitrichos
5	山杏 Armeniaca sibirica	茅莓 Rubus parvifolius	多花木蓝 Indigofera amblyantha	三裂绣线菊 Spiraea trilobata	胡枝子 Lespedeza bicolor	白羊草 Bothriochloa ischaemum	丛生隐子草 Cleistogenes caespitosa	臭草 Melica scabrosa	山蒿 Artemisia brachyloba	荩草 Arthraxon hispidus

纬度 Latitude	灌木层 Shrub layer			草本层 Herb layer
纬度 Latitude	H	D	J	H	D	J
高(群丛1) High (Association 1)	0.848	3.159	0.194	0.928	3.452	0.167
中(群丛2、3、4) Middle (Association 2, 3, 4)	0.826	2.240	0.298	0.884	2.690	0.231
低(群丛5) Low (Association 5)	0.821	3.386	0.167	0.975	4.324	0.169

纬度 Latitude	灌木层 Shrub layer			草本层 Herb layer
纬度 Latitude	H	D	J	H	D	J
高(群丛1) High (Association 1)	0.848	3.159	0.194	0.928	3.452	0.167
中(群丛2、3、4) Middle (Association 2, 3, 4)	0.826	2.240	0.298	0.884	2.690	0.231
低(群丛5) Low (Association 5)	0.821	3.386	0.167	0.975	4.324	0.169

海拔 Elevation	灌木层Shrub layer			草本层Herb layer
海拔 Elevation	H	D	J	H	D	J
高(群丛4) High (Association 4)	0.796	2.246	0.275	0.928	3.099	0.207
中(群丛3) Middle (Association 3)	0.832	2.041	0.347	0.892	2.617	0.268
低(群丛2) Low (Association 2)	0.847	2.434	0.274	0.834	2.353	0.217

华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异规律

Distribution and species diversity patterns of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China

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群丛 Association	BIO3	BIO5	BIO15	BIO18
1	28.08 ± 0.05^c	30.01 ± 0.07^c	129.44 ± 0.47^a	378.50 ± 2.58^ab
2	28.50 ± 0.37^b	32.24 ± 0.29^a	114.50 ± 1.28^b	351.18 ± 2.60^b
3	29.11 ± 0.16^b	31.15 ± 0.16^b	113.09 ± 0.79^b	345.25 ± 7.25^b
4	30.58 ± 0.24^a	28.29 ± 0.30^d	110.32 ± 1.54^b	293.21 ± 6.73^c
5	28.90 ± 0.14^b	30.41 ± 0.14^bc	95.83 ± 1.49^c	402.91 ± 6.41^a

环境因子 Variables	灌木层物种多样性 Biodiversity indices of the shrub layer	草本层物种多样性 Biodiversity indices of the herbaceous layer
环境因子 Variables	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
BIO3	-0.41^**	0.14^**
BIO5	0.07	-0.13^*
BIO15	0.69^**	-0.51^**
BIO18	-0.02	0.27^**
ELE	-0.37^**	0.22^**
ASP	-0.06	0.10
SLO	0.34^**	-0.08
SLOP	-0.17^**	0.28^**

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华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异 规律

Distribution and species diversity patterns of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla shrublands in North China

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华北地区荆条灌丛分布及物种多样性空间分异规律