中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落植物空间周转及其驱动因素

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0288

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1411-1421.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0288

中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落植物空间周转及其驱动因素

高璐鑫¹^,²^,³, 兰天元¹^,²^,³, 赵志霞¹, 邓舒雨¹^,³, 熊高明¹^,², 谢宗强¹^,²^,³, 申国珍¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
²国家植物园, 北京 100093
³中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2022-07-12 接受日期:2022-09-28 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-10-25
通讯作者: *申国珍(snj@ibcas.ac.cn)
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY1103002);国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1303402)

Spatial turnover of shrubland communities and underlying factors in northern mid-subtropical China

GAO Lu-Xin¹^,²^,³, LAN Tian-Yuan¹^,²^,³, ZHAO Zhi-Xia¹, DENG Shu-Yu¹^,³, XIONG Gao-Ming¹^,², XIE Zong-Qiang¹^,²^,³, SHEN Guo-Zhen¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
²China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2022-07-12 Accepted:2022-09-28 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-10-25
Contact: *SHEN Guo-Zhen(snj@ibcas.ac.cn)
Supported by:
The Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Research Program of China(2015FY1103002);The National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1303402)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环境因子是驱动物种空间周转的重要因素, 灌丛作为亚热带地区重要的植被类型, 探究其群落的物种空间周转格局及其驱动因素, 能够为区域生物多样性保护提供科学依据。该研究以中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落为研究对象, 采用广义相异性模型, 以Bray-Curtis相异性指数为指标, 分析了气候、土壤、地形、人为干扰等因素对灌丛群落物种周转的驱动效应。结果表明, 气候因子对物种周转影响显著, 且随着海拔、坡度、土壤总氮含量、国内生产总值的增加, 物种周转速率显著增加, 而年平均气温和距道路距离对物种周转无显著影响。在过酸过碱的土壤中, 物种周转速率较低, 在pH = 5时, 物种周转速率达到最大值。气候、土壤、地形、人为干扰等因素可以解释灌丛植物群落物种周转的33.55%。其中, 土壤因素的解释率为26.54%, 而气候和地形、人为干扰因素分别解释了13.39%和3.17%, 土壤pH的相对贡献率(37.28%)最大。综上所述, 环境因子对中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落的物种空间周转过程有重要作用, 其中土壤因子为驱动物种周转的关键因素。

关键词: 环境异质性, 灌丛, 物种周转, 广义相异性模型

Abstract:

Aims Environmental factors are among the key factors governing the community species spatial turnover. As one of the widely distributed vegetation types in subtropical region of China, it is important to understand the species composition differences among shrubland communities, which will provide important information for protecting biodiversity and eco-security shield construction in the northern mid-subtropical region, China. However, little is known about which factors drive the species spatial turnover in subtropical region of China. The objectives of this study were to investigate the shrubland community spatial turnover pattern and to determine the key factors that shape the present distribution of species based on the field-based data in northern mid-subtropical China.
Methods Based on the field-based data in mid-subtropical shrublands, we used the generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM) by the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index to explore the driving effects of climate, soil, topography, and human disturbance on species turnover of the shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China.
Important findings The results showed that climatic factors had significant effects on plant species turnover of the shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China. With the increase of altitude, slope, soil total nitrogen content and gross domestic product (GDP), species turnover rate increased significantly. Mean annual air temperature and the distance to road had no significant effects on species turnover. The species turnover rate decreased when soil pH became too acidic or too alkaline, and the rate reached the maximum value when pH was 5. Climate, soil, topography, and human disturbance explained 33.55% of the species turnover deviances, of which, soil accounted for 26.54% of the GDM deviances, while climate and topography, human disturbance accounted for 13.39% and 3.17% of the GDM deviances, respectively. Soil pH contributed 37.28% of the deviances to the species turnover of shrubland community. In conclusion, environmental factors (especially soil pH) were the major drivers of the species spatial turnover in northern mid-subtropical shrubland communities.

Key words: environmental heterogeneity, shrubland, species turnover, generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM)

高璐鑫, 兰天元, 赵志霞, 邓舒雨, 熊高明, 谢宗强, 申国珍. 中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落植物空间周转及其驱动因素. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(11): 1411-1421. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0288

GAO Lu-Xin, LAN Tian-Yuan, ZHAO Zhi-Xia, DENG Shu-Yu, XIONG Gao-Ming, XIE Zong-Qiang, SHEN Guo-Zhen. Spatial turnover of shrubland communities and underlying factors in northern mid-subtropical China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(11): 1411-1421. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0288

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0288

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I11/1411

图/表 5

图1 中国中亚热带北部灌丛植物群落样点分布。

Fig. 1 Geographical distribution of samples of shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China.

表1 中国中亚热带北部灌丛样地环境因子的描述性统计

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of environmental factors in the plots of shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China

环境因子 Environmental variable	简写 Abbreviation	平均值±标准误 Mean ± SE	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	变异系数 CV (%)
≥0 ℃积温 Accumulated temperature (≥0 °C) (°C)	AAT0	5 725.40 ± 54.49	2 045.40	6 715.90	13.46
≥10 ℃积温 Accumulated temperature (≥10 °C) (°C)	AAT10	5 100.49 ± 55.66	1 216.10	5 947.00	15.43
年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature (°C)	T_a	15.65 ± 0.16	3.80	18.40	14.38
年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm)	P_a	1 467.53 ± 15.78	1 047.50	1 892.90	15.21
湿润指数 Moisture index	IM	67.28 ± 1.89	14.85	174.01	39.70
海拔 Altitude (m)	Alt	258.98 ± 1.95	7.00	2 818.00	128.16
坡度 Slope (°)	Slope	27.32 ± 1.03	0.00	80.00	53.18
坡向 Aspect (°)	Aspect	159.91 ± 7.51	0.00	351.00	66.42
土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (mg·g^-1)	SOC	13.99 ± 1.41	0.00	118.55	142.46
土壤总氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)	TN	1.35 ± 0.10	0.09	9.07	100.74
土壤总磷含量 Soil total phosphorus content (mg·g^-1)	TP	0.59 ± 0.03	0.09	3.34	74.57
土壤pH Soil pH	pH	5.84 ± 0.11	3.87	9.34	27.05
国内生产总值(10⁴元·km^-2) Gross domestic product (10⁴ yuan·km^-2)	GDP	1 130.89 ± 135.31	60.00	21 627.00	169.21
人口空间分布(人·km^-2) Population spatial distribution (person·km^-2)	POP	261.14 ± 15.34	22.30	2 048.36	83.09
到居民点的距离 Distance to resident (m)	d_Respt	630.39 ± 58.72	0.00	3 727.12	131.74
到道路的距离 Distance to road (m)	d_Road	153.86 ± 45.20	0.00	2 797.37	415.54

图2 中国中亚热带北部灌丛地形变量(A-C)、气候分异(D-G)、土壤理化性质(H-K)、人为干扰(L-N)与植物群落β多样性的关系。AAT0, ≥0 ℃积温; AAT10, ≥10 ℃积温; Alt, 海拔; Aspect, 坡向; dRespt, 距居民点的距离; GDP, 国内生产总值; IM, 湿润指数; Pa, 年降水量; POP, 人口空间分布; Slope, 坡度; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; TN, 土壤总氮含量; TP, 土壤总磷含量。实线为偏响应曲线, 虚线为偏响应曲线的变化斜率, y轴f (变量)指示I-spline转换函数, 单位为群落相异性连接单位-ln(1 - dij), 其中dij指站点i和j之间的相异性。

Fig. 2 Relationship between the gradient of topographic variables (A-C), climate variables (D-G), soil physical and chemical properties (H-K), human disturbance (L-N) and β diversity of shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China. AAT0, accumulated temperature (≥0 °C); AAT10, accumulated temperature (≥10 °C); Alt, altitude; dRespt, distance to resident; GDP, gross domestic product; IM, moisture index; Pa, mean annual precipitation; POP, population spatial distribution; SOC, soil organic carbon content; TN, soil total nitrogen content; TP, soil total phosphorus content. Solid line is the partial response curve, and the dashed line is the change slope of the partial response curve. The function f (variable) in y axis indicated the I-spline-transformed function, and its unit was linking unit of community dissimilarity -ln(1 - dij), dij represents the dissimilarity between sites i and j.

图3 预测变量对中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落间β多样性的相对贡献。AAT0, ≥0 ℃积温; AAT10, ≥10 ℃积温; Alt, 海拔; Aspect, 坡向; dRespt, 距居民点的距离; GDP, 国内生产总值; IM, 湿润指数; Pa, 年降水量; POP, 人口空间分布; Slope, 坡度; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; TN, 土壤总氮含量; TP, 土壤总磷含量。

Fig. 3 Relative contribution of predictive variables to inter-community β diversity of shrubland communities in northern mid-subtropical China. AAT0, accumulated temperature (≥0 °C); AAT10, accumulated temperature (≥10 °C); Alt, altitude; GDP, gross domestic product; IM, moisture index; Pa, mean annual precipitation; POP, population spatial distribution; dRespt, distance to resident; SOC, soil organic carbon content; TN, soil total nitrogen content; TP, soil total phosphorus content.

图4 人为干扰(A)、气候与地形分异(B)及土壤异质性(C)对中亚热带北部灌丛群落之间物种更替的解释度(%)。

Fig. 4 Partitional effects (%) of human disturbance (A), climate and topography difference (B) and soil difference (C) on species turnover of shruband communities in northern mid-subtropical China.

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中国中亚热带北部灌丛群落植物空间周转及其驱动因素

Spatial turnover of shrubland communities and underlying factors in northern mid-subtropical China

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