Short-term effects of combined elevated ozone and limited irrigation on accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves and roots of poplar sapling

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

Abstract

Abstract:

AimsIntensified human activities has resulted in more extreme droughts and high ground-level ozone (O₃) concentration during plant growing seasons. To clarify the combined effects of elevated O₃ (E-O₃) and drought on plants, we investigated the effects of elevated O₃, drought and their interaction on the accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) in leaves and fine roots of poplar.
MethodsThe O₃-sensitive poplar ‘546’ (Populus deltoides cv. ‘55/56’ × P. deltoides cv. ‘Imperial’) saplings were exposed to two O₃ treatments (charcoal-filtered air (CF) and non-filtered ambient air (NF) + 40 nmol·mol^-1 O₃ (E-O₃)), and two watering treatments (control, well-watered and drought, reduced watering) using open-top chambers (OTC_S). The content of TNC and its components (glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharides, total soluble sugars and starch) in leaves and fine roots were measured.
Important findings E-O₃ significantly decreased the content of starch and TNC, but increased the content of fructose, glucose and total soluble sugar in leaves. However, E-O₃ did not have significant effects on starch and soluble sugars in fine roots. In addition, drought significantly increased the content of fructose and polysaccharide, but decreased the content of sucrose in fine roots, although drought had no significant impacts on the content of starch and soluble sugars in leaves. There was significant interaction of O₃ and drought on the content of polysaccharides and total soluble sugar in leaves, as indicated by the significant increase by E-O₃ under well-watered irrigation, but no effects under drought. E-O₃significantly increased the ratio of root to leaf in TNC content, but not under well water condition. In conclusion, E-O₃affected the content of TNC and its components in leaves, while drought affected them in fine roots. From the response of TNC, moderate drought mitigates the negative effects of O₃ pollution on plants.

Key words: O₃, drought, non-structural carbohydrate, poplar, fine root, leaf

ZHOU Hui-Min, LI Pin, FENG Zhao-Zhong, ZHANG Yin-Bo. Short-term effects of combined elevated ozone and limited irrigation on accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves and roots of poplar sapling[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(4): 296-304.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

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Figures/Tables 5

Table 1 Analysis of variance analysis of non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) components in leaves and fine roots of poplar by O3 and drought

		臭氧 O₃	干旱 Drought	臭氧×干旱 O₃ × Drought
叶片 Leaf	葡萄糖 Glucose	0.047	0.239	0.685
	果糖 Fructose	0.004	0.563	0.394
	蔗糖 Sucrose	0.217	0.384	0.995
	多糖 Polysaccharide	0.128	0.227	0.039
	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.003	0.449	0.009
	淀粉 Starch	0.002	0.130	0.885
	TNC	0.027	0.257	0.231
细根 Root	葡萄糖 Glucose	0.546	0.282	0.980
	果糖 Fructose	0.768	<0.001	0.459
	蔗糖 Sucrose	0.970	0.002	0.455
	多糖 Polysaccharide	0.575	0.025	0.245
	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.494	0.168	0.157
	淀粉 Starch	0.291	0.946	0.661
	TNC	0.294	0.244	0.177
细根/叶片 Fine root/ Leaf	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.193	0.427	0.013
	淀粉 Starch	0.005	0.237	0.372
	TNC	0.005	0.03	0.022

Fig. 1 Effects of elevated ozone and drought on the total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) content in leaves (A) and fine roots (B) of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). The same lowercase letter in the figures stands for non-significant difference between treatments (p > 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

Fig. 2 Effects of ozone and drought on glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharide, total soluble sugar and starch in leaves of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

Fig. 3 Effect of elevated ozone and drought on the glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharide, total soluble sugar and starch in fine roots (mean ± SE). Different letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal- filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

Fig. 4 Effects of elevated ozone and drought on the ratio of fine roots to leaves in total soluble sugar, starch and total non-structural carbohydrates of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). Different letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

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