再议中国的植被分类系统

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0255

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在《对中国植被分类系统的认知和建议》(简称《认知和建议》)的基础上, 参考近期国内外植被分类研究成果, 再次讨论了中国植被分类系统和单位, 统一了各级单位划分依据, 增补了高、中、低各等级分类的具体建议, 并对《认知和建议》一文中相关部分, 特别是植被型一级做了修订。将该修订方案与联合国教科文组织《世界植被分类与制图》、美国联邦地理数据委员会《美国植被分类规范》, 以及Braun-Blanquet的分类方案进行对比, 以便于同行间相互了解和交流。

关键词: 植被分类, 植被型, 群系, 群丛, 建议方案

Abstract:

The vegetation classification in China was updated by referring to recent advances for vegetation classification worldwide and on the basis of our former paper Recognition and Proposal on the Vegetation Classification System of China (hereafter, “Recognition and Proposal”). In this revision, the criteria for vegetation classification were discussed and unified, and a quantified standard for high, medium, and low level units in a new hierarchical classification scheme was supplemented. Compared with the old classification scheme in “Recognition and Proposal”, the units at the level of vegetation type were substantially changed. Finally, in order to improve mutual communication among international peers, a comparison was carried out between the new revised scheme and each of International Classification and Mapping of Vegetation of UNESCO, The National Vegetation Classification Standard of United States, and The Braun-Blanquet Classification Scheme.

Key words: vegetation classification, vegetation type, formation, association, suggested scheme

宋永昌, 阎恩荣, 宋坤. 再议中国的植被分类系统. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(2): 269-278. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0255

Yong-Chang SONG, En-Rong YAN, Kun SONG. An update of the vegetation classification in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(2): 269-278. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0255

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0255

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I2/269

图/表 3

参考文献 14

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[4]	Faber-Langendoen D, Keeler-Wolf T, Meidinger D, Tart D, Hoagland B, Josse C, Navarro G, Ponomarenko S, Saucier JP, Weakley A, Comer P (2014). EcoVeg: A new approach to vegetation description and classification.Ecological Monographs, 84, 533-561.
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80分类方案 80 Classification scheme	建议方案 Recommend scheme
高级单位(生态外貌) High level (Eco-physiognomic)
	植被纲 Class of vegetation types
	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types
植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types
植被型 Vegetation type	植被型 Vegetation type
植被亚型 Vegetation subtype	植被亚型 Vegetation subtype
中级单位(区系特征, 着重优势种组成) Midle level (Floristc, emphasizing dominant species)
群系组 Formation group	集群 Collective group
群系 Formation	优势度型 Dominant type
亚群系 Subformation	优势度亚型 Dominant subtype
低级单位(区系特征, 着重标志种组) Low level (Floristic, emphasizing symbol species)
群丛 Association	群丛 Association

80分类方案 80 Classification scheme	建议方案 Recommend scheme
高级单位(生态外貌) High level (Eco-physiognomic)
	植被纲 Class of vegetation types
	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types
植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types
植被型 Vegetation type	植被型 Vegetation type
植被亚型 Vegetation subtype	植被亚型 Vegetation subtype
中级单位(区系特征, 着重优势种组成) Midle level (Floristc, emphasizing dominant species)
群系组 Formation group	集群 Collective group
群系 Formation	优势度型 Dominant type
亚群系 Subformation	优势度亚型 Dominant subtype
低级单位(区系特征, 着重标志种组) Low level (Floristic, emphasizing symbol species)
群丛 Association	群丛 Association

1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
一、森林 Forest	I. 针叶林 Needle-leaved forest	1. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous needle-leaved forest	1)典型寒温性落叶针叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cold-temperate deciduous needle-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			2)山地寒温性落叶针叶林(亚高山垂直带) Montane cold-temperate deciduous needle-leaved forest (Subalpine vertical zone)
			3)暖性落叶针叶林(孑遗群落) Warm deciduous needle-leaved forest (Relict community)
		2. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen needle-leaved forest	4)典型寒温性常绿针叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cold-temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			5)山地寒温性常绿针叶林(亚高山垂直带) Montane cold-temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Subalpine vertical zone)
			6)温性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
			7)暖性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
			8)热性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	II. 针阔叶混交林 Mixed needle-broad leaved forest	3. 针阔叶混交林 Mixed needle-broad leaved forest	9)典型凉温性针阔叶混交林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cool-temperate mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			10)山地针阔叶混交林(山地垂直带) Montane mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			11)次生针阔叶混交林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Secondary mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	III. 阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	4. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest	12)典型落叶阔叶林 (地带性, 气候顶极) Typical deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			13)山地落叶阔叶林(山地垂直带) Montane deciduous broad-leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			14)河岸落叶阔叶林 (地文顶极) Riverside deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
			15)次生落叶阔叶林 (地带性, 歧顶极) Secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality plaigioclimax)
		5. 常绿落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest	16)典型常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			17)山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林(山地垂直带) Montane mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			18)石灰岩常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地文顶极) Limestone mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
			19)河谷常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地文顶极) Ravine mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
		6. 常绿苔藓林 Evergreen mossy forest	20)山地常绿苔藓林(山地垂直带) Montane dwarf evergreen mossy forest (Montane vertical zone)
		7. 常绿硬叶林 Evergreen sclerophyllous forest	21)山地常绿硬叶林(山地垂直带) Montane evergreen sclerophyllous forest (Montane vertical zone)
		7. 常绿硬叶林 Evergreen sclerophyllous forest	22)干热河谷常绿硬叶林(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley Evergreen sclerophyllous forest (Physiographic climax)
		8. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest	23)典型常绿阔叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			24)季节常绿阔叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Seasonal evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			25)适雨常绿阔叶林(亚热带雨林)(地带性, 气候顶极) Ombrophilous evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		9. 热带雨林 Tropical rain-forest	26)热带雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical rain forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		9. 热带雨林 Tropical rain-forest	27)季节热带雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical seasonal rain forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		10. 热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	28)落叶季风雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical deciduous monsoon forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		10. 热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	29)半落叶季风雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Semi-deciduous monsoon forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		11. 热带海岸林 Tropical coastal forest	30)红树林(地文顶极) Mangrove (Physiographic climax)
1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
			31)珊瑚礁海岸林(地文顶极) Coral reef coastal forest (Physiographic climax)
	IV. 竹林 Bamboo forest	12. 竹林 Bamboo forest	32)暖性竹林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm bamboo forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	IV. 竹林 Bamboo forest	12. 竹林 Bamboo forest	33)热性竹林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid bamboo forest (Zonality, disclimax)
二、灌丛 Shrubland	V. 针叶灌丛 Needle-leaved shruland	13. 常绿针叶灌丛 Evergreen needle-leaved shrubland	34)亚高山常绿针叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine evergreen needle-leaved shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
	VI. 阔叶灌丛 Broad-leaved shrubland	14. 常绿革叶灌丛 Evergreen sclerophyllous shrubland	35)亚高山常绿革叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine evergreen sclerophyllous shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
		15. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous broad-leaved shrubland	36)亚高山落叶阔叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
			37)温性落叶阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Temperate deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
			38)暖性落叶阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Warm deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
		16. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen broad-leaved shrubland	39)南方丘陵山地常绿阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Southern hill-montane evergreen broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
		16. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen broad-leaved shrubland	40)滨海岛礁常绿阔叶灌丛(地文顶极) Seashore island evergreen broad-leaved shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VII. 肉质多刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	17. 肉刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	41)热带滨海刺灌丛(地文顶极) Tropical seashore thorn-succulent shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VII. 肉质多刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	17. 肉刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	42)干热河谷肉刺灌丛(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley thorn-succulent shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VIII. 竹灌丛 Bamboo thicket	18. 竹丛 Bamboo thicket	43)温性竹丛(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm bamboo thicket (Zonality, disclimax)
	VIII. 竹灌丛 Bamboo thicket	18. 竹丛 Bamboo thicket	44)暖热性竹丛(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid bamboo thicket (Zonality, disclimax)
三、草本植被 Herbaceous vegetation	IX. 旱生草本植被 Xeromophyic herbaceous vegetation	19. 温带草原 Temperate steppe	45)典型草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
			46)草甸草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Meadow steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
			47)荒漠草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Desert steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
		20. 高山草原 Alpine steppe	48)高山寒冷草原(高山垂直带) Alpine cold steppe (Alpine vertical zone)
		21. 稀树草原 Tropical savanna	49)热带海滨稀树草原(地文顶极) Tropical seashore savanna (physiographic climax)
		21. 稀树草原 Tropical savanna	50)干热河谷稀树草原(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley savanna (physiographic climax)
	X. 中生草本植被 Mesophytic herbaceous vegetation	22. 草甸 Meadow	51)大陆草甸(地文顶极) Continent meadow (physiographic climax)
			52)泛滥低地草甸(地文顶极) Flood plain meadow (physiographic climax)
			53)亚高山高山草甸(地文顶极) Alpine-subalpine meadow (physiographic climax)
		23. 疏灌草坡 Sparse shrub grassland	54)温性疏灌草坡(地带性, 歧顶极) Temperate sparse shrub grassland (Zonality, plaigioclimax)
		23. 疏灌草坡 Sparse shrub grassland	55)热性疏灌草坡(地带性, 歧顶极) Torrid sparse shrub grassland (Zonality, plaigioclimax)
四、极端干旱植被 Extreme drought vegetation	XI. 荒漠 Desert	24. 温带荒漠 Temperate desert	56)灌木小乔木荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Nano-arboreous fruticous dersert (Zonality, climatic climax)
			57)小半灌木荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Nano-semifruticous desert (Zonality, climatic climax)
			58)一年生草本荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Annual herb desert (Zonality, climatic climax)
		25. 高山荒漠 Alpine desert	59)小半灌木高山荒漠(高山垂直带) Nano-semifruticous alpine deserta (Alpine vertical zone)
1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
五、极端寒冷植被 Extreme frigid vegetation	XII. 高山高寒植被 Alpine cold vegetation	26. 高山冻原 Alpine tundra	60)藓类-小灌木高山冻原(山地垂直带) Dwarf-shrub moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
			61)藓类-草类高山冻原(高山垂直带) Herb-moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
			62)地衣、藓类高山冻原(高山垂直带) Lichen-moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
		27. 高山垫状植被 Alpine cushion vegetation	63)高山垫状植被(高山垂直带) Alpine cushion vegetation (Alpine vertical zone)
		28. 高山流石堆植被 Alpine scree vegetation	64)高山流石堆植被(地文顶极) Alpine scree vegetation (physiographic climax)
六、极端多水植被 Extreme waterlogging vegetation	XIII. 沼泽 Swamp	29. 沼泽 Swamps	65)藓类沼泽 Moss bog
			66)草本沼泽 Herbaceous swamp
			67)木本沼泽 Woody swamp
	XIV. 水生植被 Aquatic vegetation	30. 淡水水生植被 Fresh water vegetation	68)沉水植物群落 Submerged plant community
			69)漂浮植物群落 Free floating plant community
			70)浮叶植物群落 Rooted floating-leaved plant community
			71)挺水植物群落 Emergent plant community
		31. 咸水水生植被 Salt water vegetation	72)咸水沉水植物群落 Salt water submerged plant community

1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
一、森林 Forest	I. 针叶林 Needle-leaved forest	1. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous needle-leaved forest	1)典型寒温性落叶针叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cold-temperate deciduous needle-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			2)山地寒温性落叶针叶林(亚高山垂直带) Montane cold-temperate deciduous needle-leaved forest (Subalpine vertical zone)
			3)暖性落叶针叶林(孑遗群落) Warm deciduous needle-leaved forest (Relict community)
		2. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen needle-leaved forest	4)典型寒温性常绿针叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cold-temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			5)山地寒温性常绿针叶林(亚高山垂直带) Montane cold-temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Subalpine vertical zone)
			6)温性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Temperate evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
			7)暖性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
			8)热性常绿针叶林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid evergreen needle-leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	II. 针阔叶混交林 Mixed needle-broad leaved forest	3. 针阔叶混交林 Mixed needle-broad leaved forest	9)典型凉温性针阔叶混交林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical cool-temperate mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			10)山地针阔叶混交林(山地垂直带) Montane mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			11)次生针阔叶混交林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Secondary mixed needle-broad leaved forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	III. 阔叶林 Broad-leaved forest	4. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest	12)典型落叶阔叶林 (地带性, 气候顶极) Typical deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			13)山地落叶阔叶林(山地垂直带) Montane deciduous broad-leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			14)河岸落叶阔叶林 (地文顶极) Riverside deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
			15)次生落叶阔叶林 (地带性, 歧顶极) Secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality plaigioclimax)
		5. 常绿落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest	16)典型常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			17)山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林(山地垂直带) Montane mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Montane vertical zone)
			18)石灰岩常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地文顶极) Limestone mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
			19)河谷常绿落叶阔叶混交林(地文顶极) Ravine mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest (Physiographic climax)
		6. 常绿苔藓林 Evergreen mossy forest	20)山地常绿苔藓林(山地垂直带) Montane dwarf evergreen mossy forest (Montane vertical zone)
		7. 常绿硬叶林 Evergreen sclerophyllous forest	21)山地常绿硬叶林(山地垂直带) Montane evergreen sclerophyllous forest (Montane vertical zone)
		7. 常绿硬叶林 Evergreen sclerophyllous forest	22)干热河谷常绿硬叶林(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley Evergreen sclerophyllous forest (Physiographic climax)
		8. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest	23)典型常绿阔叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			24)季节常绿阔叶林(地带性, 气候顶极) Seasonal evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
			25)适雨常绿阔叶林(亚热带雨林)(地带性, 气候顶极) Ombrophilous evergreen broad-leaved forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		9. 热带雨林 Tropical rain-forest	26)热带雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical rain forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		9. 热带雨林 Tropical rain-forest	27)季节热带雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical seasonal rain forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		10. 热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	28)落叶季风雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Tropical deciduous monsoon forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		10. 热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	29)半落叶季风雨林(地带性, 气候顶极) Semi-deciduous monsoon forest (Zonality, climatic climax)
		11. 热带海岸林 Tropical coastal forest	30)红树林(地文顶极) Mangrove (Physiographic climax)
1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
			31)珊瑚礁海岸林(地文顶极) Coral reef coastal forest (Physiographic climax)
	IV. 竹林 Bamboo forest	12. 竹林 Bamboo forest	32)暖性竹林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm bamboo forest (Zonality, disclimax)
	IV. 竹林 Bamboo forest	12. 竹林 Bamboo forest	33)热性竹林(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid bamboo forest (Zonality, disclimax)
二、灌丛 Shrubland	V. 针叶灌丛 Needle-leaved shruland	13. 常绿针叶灌丛 Evergreen needle-leaved shrubland	34)亚高山常绿针叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine evergreen needle-leaved shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
	VI. 阔叶灌丛 Broad-leaved shrubland	14. 常绿革叶灌丛 Evergreen sclerophyllous shrubland	35)亚高山常绿革叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine evergreen sclerophyllous shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
		15. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous broad-leaved shrubland	36)亚高山落叶阔叶灌丛(亚高山垂直带) Subalpine deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Subalpine vertical zone)
			37)温性落叶阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Temperate deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
			38)暖性落叶阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Warm deciduous broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
		16. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen broad-leaved shrubland	39)南方丘陵山地常绿阔叶灌丛(地带性, 歧顶极) Southern hill-montane evergreen broad-leaved shrubland (Zonality, plaigiographic climax)
		16. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen broad-leaved shrubland	40)滨海岛礁常绿阔叶灌丛(地文顶极) Seashore island evergreen broad-leaved shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VII. 肉质多刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	17. 肉刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	41)热带滨海刺灌丛(地文顶极) Tropical seashore thorn-succulent shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VII. 肉质多刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	17. 肉刺灌丛 Thorn-succulent shrubland	42)干热河谷肉刺灌丛(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley thorn-succulent shrubland (physiographic climax)
	VIII. 竹灌丛 Bamboo thicket	18. 竹丛 Bamboo thicket	43)温性竹丛(地带性, 偏途顶极) Warm bamboo thicket (Zonality, disclimax)
	VIII. 竹灌丛 Bamboo thicket	18. 竹丛 Bamboo thicket	44)暖热性竹丛(地带性, 偏途顶极) Torrid bamboo thicket (Zonality, disclimax)
三、草本植被 Herbaceous vegetation	IX. 旱生草本植被 Xeromophyic herbaceous vegetation	19. 温带草原 Temperate steppe	45)典型草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Typical steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
			46)草甸草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Meadow steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
			47)荒漠草原(地带性, 气候顶极) Desert steppe (Zonality, climatic climax)
		20. 高山草原 Alpine steppe	48)高山寒冷草原(高山垂直带) Alpine cold steppe (Alpine vertical zone)
		21. 稀树草原 Tropical savanna	49)热带海滨稀树草原(地文顶极) Tropical seashore savanna (physiographic climax)
		21. 稀树草原 Tropical savanna	50)干热河谷稀树草原(地文顶极) Xerothermic valley savanna (physiographic climax)
	X. 中生草本植被 Mesophytic herbaceous vegetation	22. 草甸 Meadow	51)大陆草甸(地文顶极) Continent meadow (physiographic climax)
			52)泛滥低地草甸(地文顶极) Flood plain meadow (physiographic climax)
			53)亚高山高山草甸(地文顶极) Alpine-subalpine meadow (physiographic climax)
		23. 疏灌草坡 Sparse shrub grassland	54)温性疏灌草坡(地带性, 歧顶极) Temperate sparse shrub grassland (Zonality, plaigioclimax)
		23. 疏灌草坡 Sparse shrub grassland	55)热性疏灌草坡(地带性, 歧顶极) Torrid sparse shrub grassland (Zonality, plaigioclimax)
四、极端干旱植被 Extreme drought vegetation	XI. 荒漠 Desert	24. 温带荒漠 Temperate desert	56)灌木小乔木荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Nano-arboreous fruticous dersert (Zonality, climatic climax)
			57)小半灌木荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Nano-semifruticous desert (Zonality, climatic climax)
			58)一年生草本荒漠(地带性, 气候顶极) Annual herb desert (Zonality, climatic climax)
		25. 高山荒漠 Alpine desert	59)小半灌木高山荒漠(高山垂直带) Nano-semifruticous alpine deserta (Alpine vertical zone)
1级 Class 1	2级 Class 2	3级 Class 3	4级 Class 4
植被纲 Class of vegetation types	植被亚纲 Subclass of vegetation types	植被型组 Group of vegetation types	植被型 Vegetation type
五、极端寒冷植被 Extreme frigid vegetation	XII. 高山高寒植被 Alpine cold vegetation	26. 高山冻原 Alpine tundra	60)藓类-小灌木高山冻原(山地垂直带) Dwarf-shrub moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
			61)藓类-草类高山冻原(高山垂直带) Herb-moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
			62)地衣、藓类高山冻原(高山垂直带) Lichen-moss alpine tundra (Alpine vertical zone)
		27. 高山垫状植被 Alpine cushion vegetation	63)高山垫状植被(高山垂直带) Alpine cushion vegetation (Alpine vertical zone)
		28. 高山流石堆植被 Alpine scree vegetation	64)高山流石堆植被(地文顶极) Alpine scree vegetation (physiographic climax)
六、极端多水植被 Extreme waterlogging vegetation	XIII. 沼泽 Swamp	29. 沼泽 Swamps	65)藓类沼泽 Moss bog
			66)草本沼泽 Herbaceous swamp
			67)木本沼泽 Woody swamp
	XIV. 水生植被 Aquatic vegetation	30. 淡水水生植被 Fresh water vegetation	68)沉水植物群落 Submerged plant community
			69)漂浮植物群落 Free floating plant community
			70)浮叶植物群落 Rooted floating-leaved plant community
			71)挺水植物群落 Emergent plant community
		31. 咸水水生植被 Salt water vegetation	72)咸水沉水植物群落 Salt water submerged plant community

建议方案 (Song, 2011)	UNESCO (1973)	Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC, 2008)	Braun-Blanquet et al. (1932)
植被纲 Vegetation class	群系纲 Formation class	群系纲 Formation class
植被亚纲 Vegetation subclass	群系亚纲 Formation subclass	群系亚纲 Formation subclass
植被型组 Vegetation type group	群系组 Formation group	群系亚纲 Formation subclass
植被型 Vegetation type	群系 Formation	群系 Formation	群落纲 Class
植被亚型 Vegetation subtype	亚群系 Subformation	门类 Division	群落纲 Class
集群 Collective group		大组 Macro-group	群落目 Order
集群 Collective group		组 Group	群落目 Order
优势度型 Dominant type		群团 Alliance	群团 Alliance
群丛 Association		群丛 Association	群丛 Association