植物生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 111-127.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0271
郭柯1,2,*(), 方精云1,3, 王国宏1, 唐志尧3, 谢宗强1,2, 沈泽昊3, 王仁卿4, 强胜5, 梁存柱6, 达良俊7, 于丹8
收稿日期:
2019-10-15
接受日期:
2019-12-16
出版日期:
2020-02-20
发布日期:
2020-04-08
通讯作者:
郭柯
作者简介:
*E-mail: guoke@ibcas.ac.cn基金资助:
GUO Ke1,2,*(), FANG Jing-Yun1,3, WANG Guo-Hong1, TANG Zhi-Yao3, XIE Zong-Qiang1,2, SHEN Ze-Hao3, WANG Ren-Qing4, QIANG Sheng5, LIANG Cun-Zhu6, DA Liang-Jun7, YU Dan8
Received:
2019-10-15
Accepted:
2019-12-16
Online:
2020-02-20
Published:
2020-04-08
Contact:
GUO Ke
Supported by:
摘要:
为了推动《中国植被志》研编工作, 该文回顾了中国植被分类系统的发展过程和主要阶段性成果, 提出了作为《中国植被志》研编技术框架组成部分的中国植被分类系统修订方案, 对各植被型组及各植被型进行了简单定义和描述, 并针对中国植被分类系统若干问题, 特别就中国植被分类系统总体框架、混交林的界定以及土壤在植被分类中的重要性等问题进行了讨论。1960年侯学煜在《中国的植被》中首次提出了中国植被分类的原则和系统, 1980年出版的《中国植被》制定了分类等级和划分依据等更加完善的系统, 之后《中国植被及其地理格局——中华人民共和国1:1 000 000植被图说明书》和《中国植物区系与植被地理》以及很多省区的植被专著对该系统进行过修订。2017年宋永昌在《植被生态学》中提出了一个分类等级单位调整的方案。本次提出的中国植被分类系统修订方案基本沿用《中国植被》的植被分类原则、分类单位及系统, 采用“植物群落学-生态学”分类原则, 主要以植物群落特征及其与环境的关系作为分类依据, 包含三级主要分类单位, 即植被型(高级单位)、群系(中级单位)和群丛(低级单位); 在三个主要分类单位之上分别增加辅助单位植被型组、群系组和群丛组, 在植被型和群系之下主要根据群落的生态差异和实际需要可再增加植被亚型或亚群系。修订方案包含了森林、灌丛、草本植被(草地)、荒漠、高山冻原与稀疏植被、沼泽与水生植被(湿地)、农业植被、城市植被和无植被地段9个植被型组, 划分为48个植被型(含30个自然植被型、12个农业植被型、5个城市植被型和无植被地段)。自然植被中有23个植被型进一步划分出了81个植被亚型。
郭柯, 方精云, 王国宏, 唐志尧, 谢宗强, 沈泽昊, 王仁卿, 强胜, 梁存柱, 达良俊, 于丹. 中国植被分类系统修订方案. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(2): 111-127. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0271
GUO Ke, FANG Jing-Yun, WANG Guo-Hong, TANG Zhi-Yao, XIE Zong-Qiang, SHEN Ze-Hao, WANG Ren-Qing, QIANG Sheng, LIANG Cun-Zhu, DA Liang-Jun, YU Dan. A revised scheme of vegetation classification system of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2020, 44(2): 111-127. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0271
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
森林 Forest | 1. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | 寒温性与温性落叶针叶林 Cold-Temperate and Temperate Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | ||||||
暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
2. 落叶与常绿针叶混交林 Mixed Deciduous and Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
3. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | 寒温性常绿针叶林 Cold-Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | |||||||
温性常绿针叶林 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
暖性常绿针叶林 Subtropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
热性常绿针叶林 Tropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
4. 针叶与阔叶混交林 Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | 温性针叶与落叶阔叶混交林 Temperate Mixed Needleleaf and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
暖性针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
亚热带山地针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Montane Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
5. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | 寒温性落叶阔叶林 Cold-Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
温性落叶阔叶林 Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
暖性落叶阔叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
6. 常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | 北亚热带常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Northern Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
亚热带山地常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Montane Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
亚热带石灰岩山地常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Limestone Montane Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
7. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | 典型常绿阔叶林 Typical Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
季风常绿阔叶林 Monsoon Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
山地常绿阔叶林 Montane Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
硬叶常绿阔叶林 Sclerophyllous Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
山顶常绿阔叶矮林 Montane Ridge Evergreen Broadleaf Dwarf Forest | ||||||||
滨海常绿阔叶矮林 Coast Dwarf Forest | ||||||||
8. 雨林 Rainforest | 雨林 Rainforest | |||||||
山地雨林 Montane Rainforest | ||||||||
9. 季雨林 Monsoon Forest | ||||||||
10. 红树林 Mangrove Forest | ||||||||
11. 竹林 Bamboo Forest | 暖性竹林 Subtropical Bamboo Forest | |||||||
热性竹林 Tropical Bamboo Forest | ||||||||
灌丛 Shrubland | 12. 常绿针叶灌丛 Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | 寒温性常绿针叶灌丛 Cold-Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | ||||||
温性常绿针叶灌丛 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
13. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | 高寒落叶阔叶灌丛 Alpine Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | |||||||
温性落叶阔叶灌丛 Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
暖性落叶阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
热性落叶阔叶灌丛 Tropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
14. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | 寒温性常绿阔叶灌丛 Cold-Tmperate Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | |||||||
暖性常绿阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
热性常绿阔叶灌丛 Tropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
15. 肉质刺灌丛 Succulent Thorny Shrubland | ||||||||
16. 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland | 温性竹丛 Temperate Bamboo Shrubland | |||||||
暖性竹丛 Subtropical Bamboo Shrubland | ||||||||
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
草本植被(草地) Herbaceous Vegetation (Grassland) | 17. 丛生草类草地 Tussock Grassland | 丛生草类荒漠草原 Tussock Desert Steppe Grassland | ||||||
丛生草类典型草原 Tussock Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类草甸草原 Tussock Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类高寒草原 Tussock Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类典型草甸 Tussock Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类高寒草甸 Tussock Alpine Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类沼泽草甸 Tussock Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类盐生草甸 Tussock Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
18. 根茎草类草地 Rhizome Grassland | 根茎草类典型草原 Rhizome Typical Steppe Grassland | |||||||
根茎草类草甸草原 Rhizome Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类高寒草原 Rhizome Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类典型草甸 Rhizome Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类高寒草甸 Rhizome Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类沼泽草甸 Rhizome Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类盐生草甸 Rhizome Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
19. 杂类草草地 Forb Grassland | 杂类草荒漠草原 Forb Desert Steppe Grassland | |||||||
杂类草典型草原 Forb Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草草甸草原 Forb Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草高寒草原 Forb Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草典型草甸 Forb Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草高寒草甸 Forb Alpine Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草沼泽草甸 Forb Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草盐生草甸 Forb Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
20. 半灌木草地 Semi-Shrubby Grassland | 半灌木荒漠草原 Semi-Shrubby Desert Steppe Grassland | |||||||
半灌木典型草原 Semi-Shrubby Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
半灌木草甸草原 Semi-Shrubby Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
半灌木高寒草原 Semi-Shrubby Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
21. 灌草丛 Shrubby Grassland | 温性灌草丛 Temperate Shrubby Grassland | |||||||
亚热带与热带灌草丛 Subtropical and Tropical Shrubby Grassland | ||||||||
22. 稀树草丛 Savanna-like Grassland | 热带滨海沙地稀树草丛 Tropical Coast Sandland Savanna-like Grassland | |||||||
干热河谷稀树草丛 Dry and Hot Valley Savanna-like Grassland | ||||||||
荒漠 Desert | 23. 半乔木与灌木荒漠 Semi-Arbor and Shrub Desert | 温性半乔木荒漠 Temperate Semi-Arbor Desert | ||||||
温性灌木荒漠 Temperate Shrub Desert | ||||||||
24. 半灌木与草本荒漠 Semi-Shrub and Herb Desert | 温性半灌木与草本荒漠 Temperate Semi-Shrub and Herb Desert | |||||||
高寒矮半灌木荒漠 Alpine Dwarf Semi-Shrub Desert | ||||||||
高山冻原与稀疏植被 Alpine Tundra and Sparse Vegetation | 25. 高山冻原 Alpine Tundra | 矮灌木高山冻原 Alpine Dwarf Shrub Tundra | ||||||
草类高山冻原 Alpine Herb Tundra | ||||||||
苔藓高山冻原 Alpine Moss Tundra | ||||||||
地衣高山冻原 Alpine Lichen Tundra | ||||||||
26. 高山垫状植被 Alpine Cushion Vegetation | ||||||||
27. 高山稀疏植被 Alpine Sparse Vegetation | ||||||||
沼泽与水生植被 Swamp and Aquatic Vegetation | 28. 木本沼泽 Woody Swamp | |||||||
29. 草本与苔藓沼泽 Herb and Moss Swamp | 草本沼泽 Herb Swamp | |||||||
苔藓沼泽 Moss Swamp | ||||||||
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
30. 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation | 挺水植被 Emerged Aquatic Vegetation | |||||||
浮叶植被 Rooted Floating Leaf Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
漂浮植被 Floating Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
沉水植被 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
农业植被 Agricultural Vegetation | 31. 粮食作物 Food Crop | |||||||
32. 油料作物 Oil Crop | ||||||||
33. 纤维作物 Fiber Crop | ||||||||
34. 糖料作物 Sugar Crop | ||||||||
35. 药用作物 Medicinal Crop | ||||||||
36. 饮料作物 Beverage Crop | ||||||||
37. 饲料作物 Forage Crop | ||||||||
38. 烟草作物 Tobacco Crop | ||||||||
39. 菜园 Vegetable Farm | ||||||||
40. 果园 Orchard | ||||||||
41. 花卉园 Flower Garden | ||||||||
42. 其他经济作物 Other Cash Crops | ||||||||
城市植被 Urban Vegetation | 43. 城市森林 Urban Forest | |||||||
44. 城市草地 Urban Grassland | ||||||||
45. 城市湿地 Urban Wetland | ||||||||
46. 城市行道树 Urban Street Tree | ||||||||
47. 城市公园植被 Urban Park Vegetation | ||||||||
无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area | 48. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area |
附件I 中国植被分类系统高级分类单位划分方案
Appendix I Classification scheme of upper level units of China Vegetation Classification System
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
森林 Forest | 1. 落叶针叶林 Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | 寒温性与温性落叶针叶林 Cold-Temperate and Temperate Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | ||||||
暖性落叶针叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
2. 落叶与常绿针叶混交林 Mixed Deciduous and Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
3. 常绿针叶林 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | 寒温性常绿针叶林 Cold-Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | |||||||
温性常绿针叶林 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
暖性常绿针叶林 Subtropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
热性常绿针叶林 Tropical Evergreen Needleleaf Forest | ||||||||
4. 针叶与阔叶混交林 Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | 温性针叶与落叶阔叶混交林 Temperate Mixed Needleleaf and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
暖性针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
亚热带山地针叶与阔叶混交林 Subtropical Montane Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
5. 落叶阔叶林 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | 寒温性落叶阔叶林 Cold-Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
温性落叶阔叶林 Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
暖性落叶阔叶林 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
6. 常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | 北亚热带常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Northern Subtropical Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
亚热带山地常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Montane Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
亚热带石灰岩山地常绿与落叶阔叶混交林 Subtropical Limestone Montane Mixed Evergreen and Deciduous Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
7. 常绿阔叶林 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | 典型常绿阔叶林 Typical Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | |||||||
季风常绿阔叶林 Monsoon Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
山地常绿阔叶林 Montane Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
硬叶常绿阔叶林 Sclerophyllous Evergreen Broadleaf Forest | ||||||||
山顶常绿阔叶矮林 Montane Ridge Evergreen Broadleaf Dwarf Forest | ||||||||
滨海常绿阔叶矮林 Coast Dwarf Forest | ||||||||
8. 雨林 Rainforest | 雨林 Rainforest | |||||||
山地雨林 Montane Rainforest | ||||||||
9. 季雨林 Monsoon Forest | ||||||||
10. 红树林 Mangrove Forest | ||||||||
11. 竹林 Bamboo Forest | 暖性竹林 Subtropical Bamboo Forest | |||||||
热性竹林 Tropical Bamboo Forest | ||||||||
灌丛 Shrubland | 12. 常绿针叶灌丛 Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | 寒温性常绿针叶灌丛 Cold-Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | ||||||
温性常绿针叶灌丛 Temperate Evergreen Needleleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
13. 落叶阔叶灌丛 Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | 高寒落叶阔叶灌丛 Alpine Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | |||||||
温性落叶阔叶灌丛 Temperate Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
暖性落叶阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
热性落叶阔叶灌丛 Tropical Deciduous Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
14. 常绿阔叶灌丛 Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | 寒温性常绿阔叶灌丛 Cold-Tmperate Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | |||||||
暖性常绿阔叶灌丛 Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
热性常绿阔叶灌丛 Tropical Evergreen Broadleaf Shrubland | ||||||||
15. 肉质刺灌丛 Succulent Thorny Shrubland | ||||||||
16. 竹丛 Bamboo Shrubland | 温性竹丛 Temperate Bamboo Shrubland | |||||||
暖性竹丛 Subtropical Bamboo Shrubland | ||||||||
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
草本植被(草地) Herbaceous Vegetation (Grassland) | 17. 丛生草类草地 Tussock Grassland | 丛生草类荒漠草原 Tussock Desert Steppe Grassland | ||||||
丛生草类典型草原 Tussock Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类草甸草原 Tussock Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类高寒草原 Tussock Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类典型草甸 Tussock Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类高寒草甸 Tussock Alpine Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类沼泽草甸 Tussock Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
丛生草类盐生草甸 Tussock Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
18. 根茎草类草地 Rhizome Grassland | 根茎草类典型草原 Rhizome Typical Steppe Grassland | |||||||
根茎草类草甸草原 Rhizome Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类高寒草原 Rhizome Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类典型草甸 Rhizome Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类高寒草甸 Rhizome Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类沼泽草甸 Rhizome Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
根茎草类盐生草甸 Rhizome Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
19. 杂类草草地 Forb Grassland | 杂类草荒漠草原 Forb Desert Steppe Grassland | |||||||
杂类草典型草原 Forb Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草草甸草原 Forb Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草高寒草原 Forb Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草典型草甸 Forb Typical Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草高寒草甸 Forb Alpine Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草沼泽草甸 Forb Swamp Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
杂类草盐生草甸 Forb Halophytic Meadow Grassland | ||||||||
20. 半灌木草地 Semi-Shrubby Grassland | 半灌木荒漠草原 Semi-Shrubby Desert Steppe Grassland | |||||||
半灌木典型草原 Semi-Shrubby Typical Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
半灌木草甸草原 Semi-Shrubby Meadow Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
半灌木高寒草原 Semi-Shrubby Alpine Steppe Grassland | ||||||||
21. 灌草丛 Shrubby Grassland | 温性灌草丛 Temperate Shrubby Grassland | |||||||
亚热带与热带灌草丛 Subtropical and Tropical Shrubby Grassland | ||||||||
22. 稀树草丛 Savanna-like Grassland | 热带滨海沙地稀树草丛 Tropical Coast Sandland Savanna-like Grassland | |||||||
干热河谷稀树草丛 Dry and Hot Valley Savanna-like Grassland | ||||||||
荒漠 Desert | 23. 半乔木与灌木荒漠 Semi-Arbor and Shrub Desert | 温性半乔木荒漠 Temperate Semi-Arbor Desert | ||||||
温性灌木荒漠 Temperate Shrub Desert | ||||||||
24. 半灌木与草本荒漠 Semi-Shrub and Herb Desert | 温性半灌木与草本荒漠 Temperate Semi-Shrub and Herb Desert | |||||||
高寒矮半灌木荒漠 Alpine Dwarf Semi-Shrub Desert | ||||||||
高山冻原与稀疏植被 Alpine Tundra and Sparse Vegetation | 25. 高山冻原 Alpine Tundra | 矮灌木高山冻原 Alpine Dwarf Shrub Tundra | ||||||
草类高山冻原 Alpine Herb Tundra | ||||||||
苔藓高山冻原 Alpine Moss Tundra | ||||||||
地衣高山冻原 Alpine Lichen Tundra | ||||||||
26. 高山垫状植被 Alpine Cushion Vegetation | ||||||||
27. 高山稀疏植被 Alpine Sparse Vegetation | ||||||||
沼泽与水生植被 Swamp and Aquatic Vegetation | 28. 木本沼泽 Woody Swamp | |||||||
29. 草本与苔藓沼泽 Herb and Moss Swamp | 草本沼泽 Herb Swamp | |||||||
苔藓沼泽 Moss Swamp | ||||||||
植被型组 Vegetation Formation Group | 植被型 Vegetation Formation | 植被亚型 Vegetation Subformation | ||||||
30. 水生植被 Aquatic Vegetation | 挺水植被 Emerged Aquatic Vegetation | |||||||
浮叶植被 Rooted Floating Leaf Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
漂浮植被 Floating Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
沉水植被 Submerged Aquatic Vegetation | ||||||||
农业植被 Agricultural Vegetation | 31. 粮食作物 Food Crop | |||||||
32. 油料作物 Oil Crop | ||||||||
33. 纤维作物 Fiber Crop | ||||||||
34. 糖料作物 Sugar Crop | ||||||||
35. 药用作物 Medicinal Crop | ||||||||
36. 饮料作物 Beverage Crop | ||||||||
37. 饲料作物 Forage Crop | ||||||||
38. 烟草作物 Tobacco Crop | ||||||||
39. 菜园 Vegetable Farm | ||||||||
40. 果园 Orchard | ||||||||
41. 花卉园 Flower Garden | ||||||||
42. 其他经济作物 Other Cash Crops | ||||||||
城市植被 Urban Vegetation | 43. 城市森林 Urban Forest | |||||||
44. 城市草地 Urban Grassland | ||||||||
45. 城市湿地 Urban Wetland | ||||||||
46. 城市行道树 Urban Street Tree | ||||||||
47. 城市公园植被 Urban Park Vegetation | ||||||||
无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area | 48. 无植被地段 Non-Vegetated Area |
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