不同生境对藏东南地面生苔藓多样性和生物量的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0114

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 552-560.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0114

不同生境对藏东南地面生苔藓多样性和生物量的影响

马和平¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 王瑞红¹^,²^,³, 屈兴乐¹^,²^,³, 袁敏¹^,²^,³, 慕金勇¹^,²^,³, 李金航¹^,²^,³

¹西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所, 西藏林芝 860000
²西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室, 西藏林芝 860000
³西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 西藏林芝 860000

收稿日期:2021-03-26 接受日期:2021-09-28 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2021-11-11
通讯作者: 马和平
作者简介:* E-mail: 285477889@qq.com ORCID:马和平: 0000-0002-6803-7059
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32060264)

Effects of different habitats on the diversity and biomass of ground moss in the southeast Xizang, China

MA He-Ping¹^,²^,³^,^*(), WANG Rui-Hong¹^,²^,³, QU Xing-Le¹^,²^,³, YUAN Min¹^,²^,³, MU Jin-Yong¹^,²^,³, LI Jin-Hang¹^,²^,³

¹Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Xizang 860000, China
²Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau, Ministry of Education, Nyingchi, Xizang 860000, China
³National Forest Ecosystem Observation & Research Station of Nyingchi Tibet, Nyingchi, Xizang 860000, China

Received:2021-03-26 Accepted:2021-09-28 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2021-11-11
Contact: MA He-Ping
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060264)

1. 附录I 色季拉山藓类植物名录.pdf(375KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解析苔藓在藏东南森林生态系统中的重要生态作用, 以及森林干扰对林内地面生苔藓的影响, 该研究以藏东南色季拉山地面生苔藓植物为调查对象, 选取林分、坡向、坡度和地势组成等相似的7块100 m × 100 m的样地, 每块样地以林窗为中心, 在其东、南、西、北4个方向选取林窗、林缘和林下3种不同生境设置50 cm × 50 cm的样方, 每块样地共12个样方, 共计168个样方。通过对每个样方进行苔藓植物调查采集, 研究了西藏色季拉山苔藓多样性和不同生境条件下地面生苔藓单位面积生物量特征。主要结果: (1)研究区共有苔藓植物24科63属110种。其中, 优势科有8个, 分别是丛藓科、曲尾藓科、金发藓科、提灯藓科、真藓科、紫萼藓科、青藓科和灰藓科。苔藓各科分布规律明显, 曲尾藓科和真藓科广泛分布于各个海拔, 金发藓科、真藓科和提灯藓科分布在海拔3 700-4 300 m, 而丛藓科多分布在4 300 m以上。(2)林窗生境较林缘和林下复杂, 它干扰了苔藓物种组成和群落结构, 其苔藓种类最多、结构最复杂, 而林下的苔藓种类最少, 群落结构最简单。林窗地面生苔藓生物量最高, 其次为林缘, 林下苔藓生物量最低。(3)地面生苔藓生物量大小不仅受其物种组成、盖度、体形和群落结构的影响, 而且是众多因子共同作用的结果, 而非某一因子起主导作用。

关键词: 林窗, 生物量, 生物多样性, 地面生苔藓, 西藏

Abstract:

Aims In order to explore the important ecological function of moss in forest ecosystems in the southeast Xizang and provide a theoretical basis for the influence of forest disturbance on forest surface vegetation, the diversity and biomass characteristics of ground moss per unit area in different habitats in the Sygera Mountain of southeast Xizang.

Methods We collected the surface moss in the Sygera Mountain of the southeast Xizang as the investigation object, and selected 7 sample plots with similar forest stand, slope direction, slope and terrain composition, with each plot size of 100 m × 100 m. We took canopy gap of each sample plot as the center, and three different habitats (canopy gap, forest edge and understory) were selected in four directions to set 50 cm × 50 cm quadrats, with 12 quadrats for each sample plot and 168 quadrats in total. Moss survey and collection were carried out in each quadrat.

Important findings (1) 24 families, 63 genera and 110 species of moss were found in the study area, in which there were 8 dominant families, which were Pottiaceae, Dicranaceae, Polytrichaceae, Mniaceae, Bryaceae, Grimmiaceae, Brachytheciaceae and Hypnaceae. There were obvious distribution rules of different moss families, such as Dicranaceae and Bryaceae were widely distributed at all elevations, and Polytrichaceae, Bryaceae and Mniaceae were distributed at altitudes from 3 700 to 4 300 m. Most of Pottiaceae were distributed over 4 300 m. (2) The habitat of canopy gap was more complex than those of forest edge and understory and it interfered with moss composition and community structure, in which the moss community had the most species and the most complex structure. However, the moss community in understory had the least species and the simplest structure. The biomass of ground moss was the highest in the gap, followed by the edge and the lowest in the understory. (3) The biomass of ground moss was not only affected by species composition, coverage, body shape and community structure, but also resulted from the interaction of many factors rather than any one single factor.

Key words: canopy gap, biomass, biodiversity, ground mosses, Xizang

马和平, 王瑞红, 屈兴乐, 袁敏, 慕金勇, 李金航. 不同生境对藏东南地面生苔藓多样性和生物量的影响. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(5): 552-560. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0114

MA He-Ping, WANG Rui-Hong, QU Xing-Le, YUAN Min, MU Jin-Yong, LI Jin-Hang. Effects of different habitats on the diversity and biomass of ground moss in the southeast Xizang, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(5): 552-560. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0114

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0114

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I5/552

图/表 6

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样地 Sampling site	海拔 Altitude (m)	群落类型 Community type	林窗 Forest gap		物种组成 Species composition
样地 Sampling site	海拔 Altitude (m)	群落类型 Community type	面积 Area (m²)	年龄 Age (a)	乔木层 Overstory	下木层 Understory
A₁	4 400	高山灌丛 Alpine shrub	10	>40	1	8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43
A₂	4 370	高山灌丛 Alpine shrub	14	>40	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	8, 10, 12, 14, 11, 8, 13, 38, 39, 41, 43
A₃	4 212	方枝柏-杜鹃 Sabina saltuarica-Rhododendron sp.	40	>40	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	6, 9, 12, 13, 15, 20, 28, 29, 39, 40, 42, 43
A₄	4 120	杜鹃 Rhododendron sp.	60	>30	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 24, 27, 32, 33, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45
A₅	4 014	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	120	>30	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 43
A₆	3 880	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	300	>60	3, 5, 15, 16, 17	18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44
A₇	3 740	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	50	>40	3, 5, 6, 16, 17	9, 19, 20, 26, 29, 33, 36, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45

样地 Sampling site	海拔 Altitude (m)	群落类型 Community type	林窗 Forest gap		物种组成 Species composition
样地 Sampling site	海拔 Altitude (m)	群落类型 Community type	面积 Area (m²)	年龄 Age (a)	乔木层 Overstory	下木层 Understory
A₁	4 400	高山灌丛 Alpine shrub	10	>40	1	8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43
A₂	4 370	高山灌丛 Alpine shrub	14	>40	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	8, 10, 12, 14, 11, 8, 13, 38, 39, 41, 43
A₃	4 212	方枝柏-杜鹃 Sabina saltuarica-Rhododendron sp.	40	>40	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	6, 9, 12, 13, 15, 20, 28, 29, 39, 40, 42, 43
A₄	4 120	杜鹃 Rhododendron sp.	60	>30	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 24, 27, 32, 33, 39, 40, 42, 43, 45
A₅	4 014	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	120	>30	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7	12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 43
A₆	3 880	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	300	>60	3, 5, 15, 16, 17	18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 32, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44
A₇	3 740	急尖长苞冷杉 Abies georgei var. smithii	50	>40	3, 5, 6, 16, 17	9, 19, 20, 26, 29, 33, 36, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45

编号 No.	科 Family	属数 Genus number	种数 Species number
1	真藓科 Bryaceae	5	19
2	提灯藓科 Mniaceae	3	12
3	曲尾藓科 Dicranaceae	7	10
4	青藓科 Brachytheciaceae	4	10
5	丛藓科 Pottiaceae	8	8
6	金发藓科 Polytrichaceae	4	8
7	紫萼藓科 Grimmiaceae	3	8
8	灰藓科 Hypnaceae	5	6
总计 Total		39	81

编号 No.	科 Family	属数 Genus number	种数 Species number
1	真藓科 Bryaceae	5	19
2	提灯藓科 Mniaceae	3	12
3	曲尾藓科 Dicranaceae	7	10
4	青藓科 Brachytheciaceae	4	10
5	丛藓科 Pottiaceae	8	8
6	金发藓科 Polytrichaceae	4	8
7	紫萼藓科 Grimmiaceae	3	8
8	灰藓科 Hypnaceae	5	6
总计 Total		39	81

样地 Sample plot	特征 Characteristic	林窗 Canopy gap (g·m^-2)	林缘 Forest edge (g·m^-2)	林下 Understory (g·m^-2)
A1	变幅 Amplitude	6.61-32.59	29.5-245.61	32.62-187.98
	平均值 Average	26.44	118.00	130.48
	中位值 Median value	23.58	104.75	120.61
	标准差 Standard deviation	9.05	43.56	44.63
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	34.22	36.92	34.20
A2	变幅 Amplitude	43.62-216.06	16.63-93.84	13.16-111.24
	平均值 Average	174.48	66.52	52.64
	中位值 Median value	140.53	52.87	46.63
	标准差 Standard deviation	62.37	19.48	22.88
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	35.74	29.28	43.47
A3	变幅 Amplitude	49.49-276.15	72.34-384.38	48.15-313.4
	平均值 Average	197.96	289.36	192.69
	中位值 Median value	178.32	264.38	167.63
	标准差 Standard deviation	71.35	97.07	54.29
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	36.04	33.54	28.17
A4	变幅 Amplitude	30.62-184.43	98.72-486.91	29.93-197.85
	平均值 Average	122.48	394.88	119.72
	中位值 Median value	101.33	378.42	102.59
	标准差 Standard deviation	42.59	162.21	55.69
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	34.77	41.07	46.51
A5	变幅 Amplitude	174.21-864.75	37.53-218.89	35.38-210.34
	平均值 Average	696.84	150.12	141.52
	中位值 Median value	637.39	139.84	132.47
	标准差 Standard deviation	275.08	63.51	72.23
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	39.48	42.30	51.04
A6	变幅 Amplitude	59.33-328.73	202.28-354.87	40.61-287.98
	平均值 Average	237.32	202.28	162.44
	中位值 Median value	223.47	197.38	153.77
	标准差 Standard deviation	76.56	74.68	87.57
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	32.26	36.91	53.91
A7	变幅 Amplitude	60.37-364.23	61.49-386.88	155.25-887.53
	平均值 Average	241.48	247.76	621.00
	中位值 Median value	234.23	235.11	594.55
	标准差 Standard deviation	79.75	102.58	284.44
	变异系数 Coefficient of variation	33.03	41.40	45.80

不同生境对藏东南地面生苔藓多样性和生物量的影响

Effects of different habitats on the diversity and biomass of ground moss in the southeast Xizang, China

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