海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林不同空间尺度和径级水平的物种丰富度与个体密度关联

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00029

植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 325-333.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00029

海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林不同空间尺度和径级水平的物种丰富度与个体密度关联

吴裕鹏¹, 许涵¹, 李意德¹^,^*(), 骆土寿¹, 陈德祥¹, 林明献², 杨怀²

¹中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所, 广州 510520
²中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站, 海南乐东 572542

收稿日期:2013-11-14 接受日期:2014-02-12 出版日期:2014-11-14 发布日期:2014-04-08
通讯作者: 李意德
作者简介:*(E-mail:liyide@126.com)
基金资助:
林业公益性行业科研专项“热带雨林生物多样性维持与自然恢复策略研究”(201104057);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“基于大样地系统的热带森林动态监测研究”(CAFYBB-2011004);国家自然科学青年基金(41201192);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项“海南岛热带雨林动态监测大样地建立及监测”(RITFYWZX-200902);国家林业局“尖峰岭生态定位站运行补助”;科技部“海南尖峰岭森林生态系统重点野外科学观测研究站运行费”

Associations between species richness and individual densities of varying spatial scales and diameter classifications in tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China

WU Yu-Peng¹, XU Han¹, LI Yi-De¹^,^*(), LUO Tu-Shou¹, CHEN De-Xiang¹, LIN Ming-Xian², YANG Huai²

¹Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
²Experimental Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Ledong, Hainan 572542, China

Received:2013-11-14 Accepted:2014-02-12 Online:2014-11-14 Published:2014-04-08
Contact: LI Yi-De

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林为研究对象, 基于尖峰岭原始林60 hm²大样地, 分析了7个不同空间尺度(5 m × 5 m、10 m × 10 m、20 m × 20 m、40 m × 40 m、60 m × 60 m、80 m × 80 m、100 m × 100 m)、3个不同径级(胸径(DBH) ≥ 1.0 cm、DBH ≥ 2.5 cm、DBH ≥ 7.5 cm)物种丰富度与个体密度之间的关联性, 以期为负密度制约效应等研究的尺度选择提供参考依据。研究结果表明, 物种丰富度和个体密度之间的关联性是基于空间尺度存在的, 并受分析植株径级大小的影响。DBH ≥ 1.0 cm时, 在4个空间尺度下(5 m × 5 m、10 m × 10 m、20 m × 20 m、40 m × 40 m), 物种丰富度随个体密度增加而增加, 但物种丰富度和个体密度两者间的相关性随取样空间尺度的增大而逐渐下降; 在其他3个空间尺度下(60 m × 60 m、80 m × 80 m、100 m × 100 m), 两者间没有显著相关性。当DBH ≥ 2.5 cm和DBH ≥ 7.5 cm时, 物种丰富度和个体密度间的相关性随空间尺度变化的趋势也与上述结果基本一致; 在60 m × 60 m的空间尺度上, DBH ≥ 1.0 cm时物种丰富度和个体密度相关性不显著, DBH ≥ 2.5 cm和DBH ≥ 7.5 cm两个径级的物种丰富度和个体密度表现出弱相关性。DBH ≥ 2.5 cm和DBH ≥ 7.5 cm时, 各空间尺度下物种丰富度和个体密度之间的决定系数几乎一致, 但高于DBH ≥ 1.0 cm时两者之间的决定系数, 说明大径级植株的个体密度和物种丰富度之间有更强的关联性, 负密度制约效应和自疏效应可能是产生这种现象的主要原因。

关键词: 胸径, 个体密度, 尖峰岭, 空间尺度, 物种丰富度, 热带山地雨林

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to identify the degree of associations between species richness and individual densities of varying spatial scales and diameter classifications.
Methods Based on the dataset from a 60 hm² tropical montane rainforest plot in Jianfengling, Hainan, China, the relationship between species richness and stem density was analyzed at seven spatial scales (5 m × 5 m, 10 m × 10 m, 20 m × 20 m, 40 m × 40 m, 60 m × 60 m, 80 m × 80 m, and 100 m × 100 m) and three DBH (diameter at breast height) classifications (DBH ≥ 1.0 cm, DBH ≥ 2.5 cm, DBH ≥ 7.5 cm).
Important findings The relationship between species richness and stem density varies with the spatial scales and DBH classifications. For all plants with DBH ≥ 1.0 cm, there are significantly positive correlations between species richness and stem density at the spatial scales of 5 m × 5 m, 10 m × 10 m, 20 m × 20 m and 40 m × 40 m, but not at other larger scales. The patterns are similar in the relationship between species richness and stem density after grouping all stems into the three DBH classifications, except there are weak correlations between species richness and stem density for plants with DBH ≥ 2.5 cm and DBH ≥ 7.5 cm at the scale of 60 m × 60 m. The significance levels of the relationship of species richness and stem density are similar between the DBH ≥ 2.5 cm and DBH ≥ 7.5 cm classifications, which are both higher than that of DBH ≥ 1.0 cm. It is concluded that the associations between species richness and stem density are stronger for individuals with larger DBH than those with smaller DBH. It is inferred that negative dependence and self-thinning are two possible mechanisms related to the phenomenon.

Key words: diameter at breast height, individual density, Jianfengling, spatial scale, species richness, tropical montane rainforest

吴裕鹏, 许涵, 李意德, 骆土寿, 陈德祥, 林明献, 杨怀. 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林不同空间尺度和径级水平的物种丰富度与个体密度关联. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(4): 325-333. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00029

WU Yu-Peng, XU Han, LI Yi-De, LUO Tu-Shou, CHEN De-Xiang, LIN Ming-Xian, YANG Huai. Associations between species richness and individual densities of varying spatial scales and diameter classifications in tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(4): 325-333. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00029

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00029

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2014/V38/I4/325

图/表 3

表1 个体密度和物种丰富度关联性的决定系数及显著性检验

Table 1 Determination coefficients and p values of the relationships between individual density and species richness

样方尺度 Scale of quadrat	决定系数 Determination coefficient (R²)			p值 p-value
样方尺度 Scale of quadrat	DBH ≥ 1.0 cm	DBH ≥ 2.5 cm	DBH ≥ 7.5 cm	DBH ≥ 1.0 cm	DBH ≥ 2.5 cm	DBH ≥ 7.5 cm
5 m × 5 m	0.866	0.947	0.957	<2e-16	<2e-16	<2e-16
10 m × 10 m	0.777	0.902	0.889	<2e-16	<2e-16	<2e-16
20 m × 20 m	0.551	0.799	0.774	<2e-16	<2e-16	<2e-16
40 m × 40 m	0.147	0.335	0.485	8.74e-10	<2e-16	<2e-16
60 m × 60 m	0.062	0.117	0.146	0.231	0.016	0.001
80 m × 80 m	0.068	0.006	0.106	0.321	0.345	0.244
100 m × 100 m	0.034	0.013	0.009	0.605	0.366	0.456

图1 7个空间尺度下个体密度和物种丰富度基于广义相加模型的拟合曲线。 A, 5 m × 5 m。B, 10 m × 10 m。C, 20 m × 20 m。D, 40 m × 40 m。 E, 60 m × 60 m。F, 80 m × 80 m。G, 100 m × 100 m。

Fig. 1 Fitted curves of the relationships between individual density and species richness by generalized additive model at seven spatial scales. A, 5 m × 5 m. B, 10 m × 10 m. C, 20 m × 20 m. D, 40 m × 40 m. E, 60 m × 60 m. F, 80 m × 80 m. G, 100 m × 100 m.

图2 不同空间尺度下不同径级个体密度和物种丰富度基于广义相加模型的拟合曲线。 A, 5 m × 5 m。B, 10 m × 10 m。C, 20 m × 20 m。D, 40 m × 40 m。E, 60 m × 60 m。F, 80 m × 80 m。G, 100 m × 100 m。a, DBH ≥ 1.0 cm; b, DBH ≥ 2.5 cm; c, DBH ≥ 7.5 cm。DBH, 胸径。

Fig. 2 Fitted curves of the relationships between stem density and species richness by generalized additive model at varying spatial scales and DBH classifications. A, 5 m × 5 m. B, 10 m × 10 m. C, 20 m × 20 m. D, 40 m × 40 m. E, 60 m × 60 m. F, 80 m × 80 m. G, 100 m × 100 m. a, DBH ≥ 1.0 cm; b, DBH ≥ 2.5 cm; c, DBH ≥ 7.5 cm. DBH, diameter at breast height.

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海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林不同空间尺度和径级水平的物种丰富度与个体密度关联

Associations between species richness and individual densities of varying spatial scales and diameter classifications in tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China

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