温带草地主要优势植物不同器官间功能性状的关联

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

理解植物各器官间功能性状的关联, 有助于确定控制功能性状的内在机制以及性状间的比例关系。基于内蒙古温带草地19个地点、42种优势草本植物的野外观测, 分析了叶片、茎、生殖器官、细根和粗根间功能性状(N、P含量、N:P、比叶面积、比根长以及叶片和细根的组织密度)的关联。主要结果如下: 在种群和物种水平上, 各器官的N和P含量都显著正相关, 比叶面积与叶片N、P含量和组织密度在种群水平上显著负相关, 而在物种水平上没有显著的相关关系; 而比根长仅在种群水平上与细根的组织密度显著负相关。N、P含量以及N:P在各器官之间一致呈显著正相关, 而比叶面积和比根长没有显著的相关关系。叶片和细根的组织密度在种群水平上显著负相关, 而在物种水平上没有显著的相关关系。非禾草比禾草相应器官(除茎外)的N、P含量高, 但二者茎的N、P含量没有显著的差异; 豆科植物比非豆科植物相应器官的N含量高, 而P含量没有显著的差异。

关键词: 生态计量学, 植物器官, 比叶面积, 比根长, 温带草地, 组织密度

Abstract:

Aims The temperate grasslands in Inner Mongolia, representing a great diversity in vegetation types (desert steppe, typical steppe and meadow steppe) and function groups (grass/herb, legume/non-legume), are ideal places to test the hypothesized functional trait relationships among plant organs. Our main objective in this study was to test whether plant functional traits vary in a coordinated fashion both within and across organs.

Methods Based on the field observation during July and August in both 2006 and 2007, we measured suites of ecophysiological traits of 42 grassland species from 19 sites in Inner Mongolia. The longitude of the study region ranges from 112.82° to 120.12° (E), and the latitude ranges from 41.76° to 49.89° (N). N and P concentrations, N:P ratios of leaves, stems, reproductive structures, fine roots (diameter < 1 mm) and coarse roots (diameter > 1 mm) as well as tissue density of leaf and fine root and specific leaf area/specific root length were determined.

Important findings At both population and interspecific level, N and P concentrations were positively correlated within each organ. Specific leaf area was negatively correlated with leaf N and P concentrations and tissue density at the population level but not at the interspecific level. Specific root length was negatively related to fine root tissue density at population level. Plants with low leaf or fine root tissue density had leaves or fine roots with high N concentrations and large specific leaf area or specific root length. N and P concentrations as well as N: P ratios were also consistently correlated across all organs, but no correlation between specific leaf area and specific root length was observed. At the population level there existed a weak negative correlation between leaf and fine root tissue density while at interspecific level this relationship disappeared. Grasses had lower N and P concentrations than herbs in leaves, reproductive structures and roots, but not in stems. Legumes had higher N concentrations than non-legumes in all organs, but they showed no significant differences in P concentrations.

Key words: ecological stoichiometry, plant organ, specific leaf area, specific root length, temperate grassland, tissue density

周鹏, 耿燕, 马文红, 贺金生. 温带草地主要优势植物不同器官间功能性状的关联. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1): 7-16. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.01.003

ZHOU Peng, GENG Yan, MA Wen-Hong, HE Jin-Sheng. Linkages of functional traits among plant organs in the dominant species of the Inner Mongolia grassland, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(1): 7-16. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.01.003

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.01.003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I1/7

图/表 7

表1 研究区概况

Table 1 Study site descriptions

地点 Site	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	草地类型 Grassland type
1	120.20	49.35	669	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
2	119.99	49.89	730	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
3	119.56	46.58	1 213	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
4	118.66	46.53	997	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
5	118.66	45.75	879	典型草原 Typical steppe
6	118.18	46.15	970	典型草原 Typical steppe
7	118.11	44.36	1 136	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
8	117.36	44.51	1 062	典型草原 Typical steppe
9	117.13	45.32	865	典型草原 Typical steppe
10	116.82	43.51	1 433	草甸草原 Meadow steppe
11	116.74	43.60	1 213	典型草原 Typical steppe
12	116.74	43.60	1 217	典型草原 Typical steppe
13	116.28	44.07	1 075	典型草原 Typical steppe
14	113.40	43.81	1 003	荒漠草原 Desert steppe
15	112.73	42.95	1 037	荒漠草原 Desert steppe
16	112.59	42.84	1 087	荒漠草原 Desert steppe
17	112.23	43.31	1 018	荒漠草原 Desert steppe
18	111.99	43.61	943	荒漠草原 Desert steppe
19	111.82	41.76	1 435	荒漠草原 Desert steppe

图1 内蒙古温带草地不同功能群和草地类型植物叶片(Le)、茎(St)、生殖器官(Re)、细根(Fr)和粗根(Cr)平均N含量(A)、P含量(B)、N:P (C)、比叶面积和比根长(D)以及叶片和细根的组织密度(E)的比较。用单因素双差分析(Tukey post hoc)检验不同功能群和草地类型之间的差异; 显著性差异(p < 0.05)用不同字母标记。误差棒为标准误差。

Fig. 1 Comparisons of leaf (Le), stem (St), reproductive structure (Re), fine root (Fr) and coarse root (Cr), mean N concentrations (A), P concentrations (B), N: P ratios (C), specific leaf area, specific root length (D) and tissue density of leaves and fine roots (E) among different function groups and vegetation types in Inner Mongolia grassland. Differences between each group were tested using a One-Way ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test of significance; significant differences at p < 0.05 are indicated by different letters. Errors bars are standard errors. SLA, specific leaf area; SRL, specific root length.

表2 内蒙古温带草地不同器官内功能性状的相关系数

Table 2 Pearson correlation coefficients for functional traits within different organs in Inner Monglolia grassland

	种群水平 Population level					物种水平 Interspecific level
		N	P	N: P	SLA/SRL		N	P	N: P	SLA/SRL
叶片	P	0.79				P	0.81
Leaf	N : P	0.19	- 0.46			N: P	0.31	- 0.30
	SLA	- 0.21	- 0.30	0.19		SLA	- 0.22	- 0.26	0.07
	TD	- 0.21	- 0.24	0.08	- 0.37	TD	- 0.08	- 0.23	0.26	- 0.35
茎	P	0.73				P	0.77
Stem	N : P	0.50	- 0.23			N: P	0.59	- 0.06
生殖器官	P	0.87				P	0.83
Reproductive structure	N: P	0.24	- 0.27			N: P	0.43	- 0.15
细根	P	0.69				P	0.69
Fine root	N: P	0.60	- 0.14			N: P	0.65	- 0.01
	SRL	- 0.03	- 0.07	- 0.04		SRL	- 0.14	- 0.04	- 0.20
	TD	- 0.35	- 0.13	- 0.41	- 0.29	TD	- 0.41	- 0.18	- 0.42	- 0.14
粗根	P	0.46				P	0.49
Coarse root	N: P	0.58	- 0.43			N: P	0.64	- 0.35

图2 内蒙古温带草地所有植物比叶面积(SLA)和叶片的N含量(A, E)、P含量(B, F)、N:P (C, G)、组织密度(D, H)在两个水平上的相关关系(II类线性回归)。A-D, 种群水平; E-H, 物种水平, 用物种平均值。

Fig. 2 Relationships between specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf N concentrations (A, E), P concentrations (B, F), N: P ratios (C, G), tissue density (D, H) at two levels across all species in Inner Mongolia grassland (type II linear regression). A-D, population level; E-H, interspecific level, using species means.

图3 内蒙古温带草地所有植物比根长(SRL)和细根的N含量(A, E)、P含量(B, F)、N:P (C, G)、组织密度(D, H)在两个水平上的相关关系(II类线性回归)。A-H同图2。

Fig. 3 Relationships between specific root length (SRL) and fine root N concentrations (A, E), P concentrations (B, F), N: P ratios (C, G), tissue density (D, H) at two levels across all species in Inner Mongolia grassland (type II linear regression). A-H see Fig. 2.

表3 内蒙古温带草地N、P含量和N:P在不同器官间的相关系数

Table 3 Pearson correlation coefficients for N and P concentrations and N:P ratios among different organs in Inner Monglolia grassland

	种群水平 Population level					物种水平 Interspecific level
	叶片 Leaf	茎 Stem		生殖器官 Re	细根 Fine root	叶片 Leaf	茎 Stem	生殖器官 Re	细根 Fine root
N
茎 Stem	0.75					0.82
生殖器官 Re	0.80	0.62				0.81	0.62
细根 Fine root	0.65	0.41		0.53		0.72	0.49	0.55
粗根 Coarse root	0.58	0.54		0.38	0.70	0.58	0.51	0.35	0.72
P
茎 Stem	0.67					0.73
生殖器官 Re	0.80	0.57				0.66	0.40
细根 Fine root	0.58	0.32	0.47			0.50	0.24	0.36
粗根 Coarse root	0.58	0.45	0.55		0.75	0.51	0.31	0.36	0.69
N: P
茎 Stem	0.69					0.74
生殖器官 Re	0.75	0.73				0.82	0.70
细根 Fine root	0.42	0.55	0.53			0.48	0.54	0.60
粗根 Coarse root	0.46	0.71	0.54		0.64	0.54	0.70	0.52	0.74

图4 内蒙古温带草地所有植物比叶面积和比根长(SRL) (A, C)、叶片和细根的组织密度(B, D)在两个水平上的相关关系(II类线性回归)。A, B, 种群水平; C, D, 物种水平。

Fig. 4 Relationships between specific leaf area and specific root length (SRL) (A, C), tissue density (B, D) of leaves and fine roots, at two levels across all species in Inner Mongolia grassland (type II linear regression). A, B, Population level; C, D, Interspecific level, using species means.

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