水体阿特拉津残留对水葱生物量及生理特性的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00223

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用营养液水培法, 研究了5个阿特拉津(atrazine)浓度(1、2、4、8和16 mg·L^-1)下水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)鲜重、叶片相对含水量(RWC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、根系活力和叶绿素含量等的变化。结果表明, 水葱在阿特拉津胁迫下, 鲜重、RWC、叶绿素含量均有不同程度的下降, 根系活力和POD活性降低, 同时MDA含量上升, 膜脂过氧化程度加剧。由于阿特拉津的降解, 这种不良影响随处理时间的延长而减弱。但其对叶绿素含量的影响具持久性; 培养60天内, 叶绿素含量仍显著低于正常水平。阿特拉津浓度越高, 对水葱的植物毒性越高, 当浓度高于8 mg·L^-1时, 水葱的生长和生理活动受到显著影响(p < 0.05); 低于1 mg·L^-1时, 与对照无显著差异。

关键词: 阿特拉津, 生物量, 生理特性, 水葱

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to assess the phytotoxicity of atrazine residue in water on the emergent aquatic plant Scirpus tabernaemontani.
Methods We conducted hydroponics experiments to study the effects of atrazine stress on peroxidase (POD) and root activities, malonaldehyde (MDA) and chlorophyll contents, relative water content (RWC) of leaf and fresh weight of S. tabernaemontani. The original dosages of atrazine in the culture solution based on Hoagland solution were 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mg·L^-1. Plant samples were collected 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after the onset of the experiment.
Important findings POD and root activities, chlorophyll content, RWC and fresh weight of S. tabernaemontani decreased, and MDA contents increased. All results indicated that elevated concentration of atrazine (>8 mg·L^-1) has significant effects on biomass and physiological characteristics of S. tabernaemontani. With the exception of chlorophyll contents, the harmful effects weakened with prolonged treatment exposure due to degradation of atrazine. There were no significant differences in investigated variables between the 1 mg·L ^-1 atrazine treatment and the control during the growing season.

Key words: atrazine, biomass, physiological characteristic, Scirpus tabernaemontani

王庆海, 张威, 却晓娥, 武菊英, 张国安, 肖波. 水体阿特拉津残留对水葱生物量及生理特性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(2): 223-231. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00223

WANG Qing-Hai, ZHANG Wei, QUE Xiao-E, WU Ju-Ying, ZHANG Guo-An, XIAO Bo. Effects of atrazine residue in water on biomass and physiological characteristics of Scirpus tabernaemontani . Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(2): 223-231. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00223

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00223

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I2/223

图/表 9

图1 不同培养时间阿特拉津对水葱鲜重增量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图中同一培养时间相同字母表示Duncan’s检验在0.05水平上差异不显著。

Fig. 1 Effects of atrazine on increment of fresh weight of Scirpus tabernaemontani different cultivation time (mean ± SD). Same letters in same cultivation time mean no significant difference by Duncan’s new multiple range test among treatments at the 0.05 level.

表1 实验期间培养液中阿特拉津浓度的变化

Table 1 Change of atrazine concentration in culture solution in experiment period

初始浓度 Initial atrazine concentration (mg·L^-1)	浓度变化 Change of atrazine concentration (mg·L^-1)
初始浓度 Initial atrazine concentration (mg·L^-1)	15 days	30 days	45 days	60 days
1	0.49	0.29	0.17	0.10
2	1.01	0.57	0.32	0.18
4	1.63	0.84	0.43	0.22
8	2.52	1.14	0.52	0.24
16	7.58	3.29	1.43	0.62

图2 不同培养时间阿特拉津对水葱根系活力的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 2 Effects of atrazine on the root activity of Scripus tabernaemontani in different cultivation time (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图3 阿特拉津对水葱叶片相对含水量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 3 Effects of atrazine on relative water content (RWC) of leaf of Scripus tabernaemontani (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图4 阿特拉津对水葱过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 4 Effects of atrazine on peroxidase (POD) activity of Scripus tabernaemontani (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图5 阿特拉津对水葱丙二醛含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 5 Effects of atrazine on malonaldehyde (MDA) content of Scripus tabernaemontani (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图6 阿特拉津对叶绿素a含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 6 Effects of atrazine on chlorophyll a content of Scripus tabernaemontani (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图7 阿特拉津对叶绿素a+b含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 7 Effects of atrazine on chlorophyll a+b content of Scripus tabernaemontani (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

表2 阿特拉津浓度(x)与水葱生理指标(y)回归方程

Table 2 The interrelation among the physiological indexes (y) of Scirpus tabernaemontani and atrazine concentration (x)

生理指标 Physiological indexes (y)	回归方程 Equation	R²	P > F
鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	y = -0.1927x + 18.7870	0.855 5	0.008 2
叶片相对含水量 RWC of leaves (%)	y = -1.2056x + 65.9110	0.774 2	0.020 8
根系活力 Root activity (μg·h^-1·g^-1)	y = -2.5399x + 81.2620	0.969 5	0.000 4
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll a + b content (mg·g^-1DW)	y = -0.0240x + 0.4401	0.616 7	0.064 2
POD活性 POD activity (Δ470·min^-1·μg^-1·FW)	y = -0.3644x + 8.0227	0.982 1	0.000 1
MDA含量 MDA content (μm·g^-1)	y = 0.0040x + 0.0790	0.672 3	0.045 7

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