外源多胺对盆栽花生盐胁迫的缓解作用

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0117

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨外源多胺对花生(Arachis hypogaea)抗盐性的影响, 以盆栽花生‘花育22’为试验材料, 通过叶面喷施1 mmol·L^-1腐胺(Put)、1 mmol·L^-1亚精胺(Spd)、1 mmol·L^-1精胺(Spm)的方法, 研究多胺对150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下盆栽花生的缓解作用。结果表明, 与对照(CK)相比, 盐胁迫显著抑制了花生植株的生长与荚果产量, 降低了叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性, 丙二醛(MDA)含量、叶片相对电导率增加; 在盐胁迫下, 叶面喷施Put、Spd、Spm处理均可有效促进花生植株的生长, 提高了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性, 增强植株抗氧化能力, 显著降低了花生叶片相对电导率和MDA的积累量, 从而缓解盐胁迫对质膜的过氧化伤害; 提高了叶绿素含量, 促进了植株高度的生长与分支数增多, 增加了干物质积累量, 从而提高了花生荚果产量; 其中, Spm处理引起的变化幅度大于Spd和Put处理。研究结果说明, 多胺有利于花生幼苗在盐胁迫下活性氧代谢和光合色素含量的提高, 促进花生植株的生长, 降低盐胁迫对花生植株的抑制作用, 且Spm处理的效果最好。

关键词: 活性氧清除酶, 花生, 多胺, 盐胁迫, 产量

Abstract:

Aims Soil salinity is a major limiting factor for plant establishment, development and productivity. In recent years, the contradiction between oil crops and food crops for land is increasingly prominent. In order not to take up the land for food, peanut planting on saline-alkali land could be a promising option. However, peanuts have been rarely grown in saline-alkali land, which may be due to the reduction of peanut yield caused by salt stress. Therefore, research of peanut salt resistance has important practical significance.Methods In order to investigate the effects of exogenous polyamines on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) grown in pots under salt stress, ‘Huayu 22’, one of the peanut cultivars, was used as materials by being foliar-sprayed with 1 mmol·L^-1 putrescine (Put), 1 mmol·L^-1 spermidine (Spd) and 1 mmol·L^-1 spermine (Spm) to elucidate the role of exogenous polyamines on peanuts under 150 mmol·L^-1NaCl. Important findingsResults showed that growth, yield, chlorophyll contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of peanut seedling decreased, however, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electrolytic leakage increased under salt stress. Meanwhile, exogenous polyamines significantly improved the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and reduced the relative electrolytic leakage and MDA content in peanut leaves under salt stress and thus alleviating the oxidative damage of salt stress on plasma membrane. It is obvious that exogenous polyamines could improve chlorophyll contents, plant height, number of branch and the amount of dry matter accumulation, even pod yield under salt stress. Among these three polyamines, the effects of exogenous Spm on alleviating salt stress were most effective These results showed that exogenous polyamines, especially Spm, were favorable for the seedlings to increase reactive oxygen metabolism and photosynthesis, which improved peanut growth and reduced the inhibitory effects of salt stress on peanuts.

Key words: antioxidant enzyme, peanut, polyamines, salt stress, yield

孟德云, 侯林琳, 杨莎, 孟静静, 郭峰, 李新国, 万书波. 外源多胺对盆栽花生盐胁迫的缓解作用. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(12): 1209-1215. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0117

MENG De-Yun,HOU Lin-Lin,YANG Sha,MENG Jing-Jing,GUO Feng,LI Xin-Guo,WAN Shu-Bo. Exogenous polyamines alleviating salt stress on peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) grown in pots. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(12): 1209-1215. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0117

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0117

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I12/1209

图/表 6

表1 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生植株农艺性状的影响(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Effects of exogenous polyamines on agronomic characters of Arachis hypogaea seedlings under salt stress (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment	主茎高 Plant height (cm)	侧枝长 Branch length (cm)	分枝数 Branch number
CK	31.33 ± 0.63^a	32.17 ± 0.31^a	14.33 ± 0.24^a
NaCl	26.50 ± 0.25^c	27.00 ± 0.48^b	9.67 ± 0.24^c
NaCl + Put	27.67 ± 0.29^bc	30.50 ± 0.85^ab	11.67 ± 0.47^b
NaCl + Spd	29.33 ± 0.52^b	29.25 ± 0.64^ab	12.67 ± 0.24^ab
NaCl + Spm	29.67 ± 0.58^b	31.50 ± 0.38^a	11.67 ± 0.24^b

图1 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生植株总生物量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。FE、FP、PP和PF分别代表始花期、下针期、结荚期和收获期。Put、Spd、Spm同表1。

Fig. 1 Effects of exogenous polyamines on total biomass of Arachis hypogaea under salt stress (mean ± SD). FE, FP, PP and PF represent flower early stage, flower-pegging stage, pod-setting stage and pod filling stage, respectively. Put, Spd, Spm see Table 1.

图2 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生叶片叶绿素含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。FE、FP、PP和PF分别代表始花期、下针期、结荚期和收获期。Put、Spd、Spm同表1。

Fig. 2 Effects of exogenous polyamines on leaf chlorophyll content of Arachis hypogaea under salt stress (mean ± SD). FE, FP, PP and PF represent flower early stage, flower-pegging stage, pod-setting stage and pod filling stage, respectively. Put, Spd, Spm see Table 1.

图3 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(A)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性(B)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(C)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。FE、FP、PP和PF分别代表始花期、下针期、结荚期和收获期。Put、Spd、Spm同表1。

Fig. 3 Effects of exogenous polyamines on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (A), peroxidase (POD) activity (B) and catalse (CAT) activity (C) of Arachis hypogaea leaves under salt stress (mean ± SD). FE, FP, PP and PF represent flower early stage, flower-pegging stage, pod-setting stage and pod filling stage, respectively. Put, Spd, Spm see Table 1.

图4 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生叶片相对电导率(A)和丙二醛(MDA)含量(B)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。FE、FP、PP和PF分别代表始花期、下针期、结荚期和收获期。Put、Spd、Spm同表1。

Fig. 4 Effects of exogenous polyamines on relative electrolytic leakage (A) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (B) of Arachis hypogaea leaves under salt stress (mean ± SD). FE, FP, PP and PF represent flower early stage, flower-pegging stage, pod-setting stage and pod filling stage, respectively. Put, Spd, Spm see Table 1.

表2 盐胁迫下外源多胺对花生产量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 2 Effects of exogenous polyamines on the yield of Arachis hypogaea under salt stress (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment	产量 Pods mass per plant (g)	饱果数 Full fruits number per plant	总果数 Total pod number per plant	果针数 Gynophores number per plant
CK	47.57 ± 1.59^a	29.67 ± 0.67^a	39.70 ± 1.33^a	67.00 ± 2.00^a
NaCl	35.50 ± 0.93^c	16.21 ± 0.33^c	30.67 ± 2.67^b	40.67 ± 1.48^d
NaCl + Put	39.17 ± 0.87^bc	17.67 ± 0.33^bc	31.00 ± 0.67^b	43.00 ± 2.67^cd
NaCl + Spd	40.25 ± 1.13^b	21.00 ± 1.24^b	31.67 ± 0.48^b	45.00 ± 1.67^c
NaCl + Spm	41.50 ± 1.32^b	20.67 ± 0.67^b	39.33 ± 1.24^a	57.00 ± 3.33^b

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