不同植物来源可溶性有机质对亚热带森林土壤酶活性的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0097

植物生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1273-1284.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0097

不同植物来源可溶性有机质对亚热带森林土壤酶活性的影响

梅孔灿¹^,², 程蕾¹^,², 张秋芳¹^,², 林开淼²^,³, 周嘉聪¹^,², 曾泉鑫¹^,², 吴玥¹^,², 徐建国³, 周锦容¹^,², 陈岳民¹^,²^,^*()

¹福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007
²湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培训基地, 福州 350007
³云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所, 云南元谋 651300

收稿日期:2020-04-07 接受日期:2020-07-07 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-04-01
通讯作者: 陈岳民
作者简介:*(ymchen@fjnu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31670620);福建省大学生创新创业训练计划(S201910394028)

Effects of dissolved organic matter from different plant sources on soil enzyme activities in subtropical forests

MEI Kong-Can¹^,², CHENG Lei¹^,², ZHANG Qiu-Fang¹^,², LIN Kai-Miao²^,³, ZHOU Jia-Cong¹^,², ZENG Quan-Xin¹^,², WU Yue¹^,², XU Jian-Guo³, ZHOU Jin-Rong¹^,², CHEN Yue-Min¹^,²^,^*()

¹School of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
²Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fuzhou 350007, China
³Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Quanzhou, Fujian 362500, China

Received:2020-04-07 Accepted:2020-07-07 Online:2020-12-20 Published:2021-04-01
Contact: CHEN Yue-Min
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670620),(31670620);Fujian Provincial Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(S201910394028)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究不同植物来源可溶性有机质(DOM)进入土壤后对酶活性的影响, 可以为降水淋溶下亚热带地区不同森林生态系统土壤碳循环提供科学依据。该研究提取杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、木荷(Schima superba)和楠木(Phoebe zherman) 3种植物鲜叶中的DOM分别输入杉木人工林土壤中, 以等量的去离子水添加为对照, 进行25天的室内培养。培养结束后测定土壤理化性质、微生物生物量和酶活性等指标。结果表明: 与对照处理(CT)相比, 添加3种叶片DOM后, 土壤总有机碳(SOC)、总氮(TN)含量和碳氮比均无显著变化。杉木叶片DOM添加处理(CL)的TN含量显著低于木荷叶片DOM添加处理(SL)和楠木叶片DOM添加处理(PL), 碳氮比显著高于SL和PL。3种叶片DOM输入整体上提高了土壤溶解有机碳(DOC)和溶解有机氮(DON)的含量。叶片DOM输入后土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量无显著变化, 然而CL和SL的土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)含量分别比CT降低了50.9%和51.1%, PL的MBN含量比CT提高了54.0%。与CT相比, 不同植物来源DOM输入后, β-葡萄糖苷酶(βG)、纤维素水解酶(CBH)和过氧化物酶(PEO) 3种酶活性均显著上升, 而多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性则显著下降; 此外, βG和CBH活性均表现出CL > SL > PL的特征。相关性分析的结果表明, 添加叶片DOM 3种处理的SOC、TN、MBN含量和βG、CBH活性都与所输入DOM的DOC含量和腐殖化指数(HIX)显著相关, 此外, 土壤MBN含量和PPO活性与输入叶片DOM的pH呈正相关关系。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明, 叶片DOM输入后引起土壤酶活性变化的关键因子是DON和DOC含量。总体来说, 不同植物来源DOM性质的差异会影响土壤碳循环水解酶的活性, 而叶片DOM输入后增加了土壤碳和氮的有效性, 引起4种碳循环酶的不同响应。

关键词: 可溶性有机质, 土壤酶, 土壤养分有效性, 新鲜叶片, 亚热带森林

Abstract:

Aims This study aims to explore the effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from different plant sources on subtropical forest soil enzyme activities in order to provide a scientific basis for soil carbon cycling under rainfall leaching conditions in different forest ecosystems of subtropical areas.
Methods Three kinds of DOM, extracted from the fresh leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Schima superb, and Phoebe zherman, were added to the soils of C. lanceolata plantation. Soil treated with deionized water of the same amount as the DOM solution served as the control. Incubation of treated and control soils was conducted for 25 days in the laboratory. The physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities of the soils were determined after incubation.
Important findings The results showed that, compared with the control treatment (CT), soil total organic carbon (SOC) content, soil total nitrogen (TN) content, and carbon-nitrogen ratio had no significant changes after adding DOM. However, the TN of treatment with added C. lanceolata leaf DOM (CL) was significantly lower than that of treatments with added S. superb leaf DOM (SL) and P. zherman leaf DOM (PL), and the carbon-nitrogen ratio in CL was significantly higher than that in SL and PL. The three treatments with added DOM increased soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content overall. There was no significant change in soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content after all three DOM inputs, while the microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content in CL and SL treatments was reduced by 50.9% and 51.1%, respectively, compared to CT. However, MBN content in PL treatment was increased by 54.0% than CT. DOM input significantly increased the activities of β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, and peroxidase in comparison with CT, but significantly decreased the activity of polyphenol oxidase. In addition, both β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase activities showed the following characteristics: CL > SL > PL. The results of correlation analysis showed that the contents of SOC, TN and MBN and the activities of β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase of the treatments with DOM were significantly correlated with the DOC content and humification index (HIX) of added DOM. In addition, soil MBN content and polyphenol oxidase activity were positively correlated with the pH value of added DOM. The results of redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the key factors causing the change in soil enzyme activities after DOM input were DON and DOC content. In general, differences in the properties of DOM obtained from different plant sources affect the activities of soil carbon-acquisition hydrolase. DOM input increases the availability of soil carbon and nitrogen, and elicits different responses from the four carbon-acquisition enzymes. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the process of carbon cycling in the rain-rich subtropical forest ecosystem.

Key words: dissolved organic matter, soil enzyme, soil nutrient availability, fresh leaves, subtropical forest

梅孔灿, 程蕾, 张秋芳, 林开淼, 周嘉聪, 曾泉鑫, 吴玥, 徐建国, 周锦容, 陈岳民. 不同植物来源可溶性有机质对亚热带森林土壤酶活性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(12): 1273-1284. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0097

MEI Kong-Can, CHENG Lei, ZHANG Qiu-Fang, LIN Kai-Miao, ZHOU Jia-Cong, ZENG Quan-Xin, WU Yue, XU Jian-Guo, ZHOU Jin-Rong, CHEN Yue-Min. Effects of dissolved organic matter from different plant sources on soil enzyme activities in subtropical forests. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2020, 44(12): 1273-1284. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0097

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0097

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2020/V44/I12/1273

图/表 7

表1 不同植物叶片及其可溶性有机质(DOM)的性质(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Characterizations of leaves and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from different plant sources (mean ± SD)

DOM来源 DOM from different plant sources	溶解有机碳含量 Dissolved organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	溶解有机氮含量 Dissolved organic nitrogen content (mg·kg^-1)	腐殖化指数 Humification index	酸碱度 pH
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	19.32 ± 0.90^a	7.63 ± 1.44^b	0.27 ± 0.02^c	5.44 ± 0.11^b
木荷 Schima superba	12.77 ± 2.86^b	26.10 ± 2.11^a	1.67 ± 0.55^b	5.28 ± 0.03^c
楠木 Phoebe zherman	6.95 ± 0.45^c	11.20 ± 2.72^b	4.36 ± 0.59^a	5.76 ± 0.02^a
p	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

表2 与碳循环相关的4种土壤酶的缩写、底物和功能

Table 2 Substrates and functions of four soil enzymes related to carbon cycling

土壤酶 Soil enzyme	缩写 Abbreviation	底物 Substrate	功能 Function
β-葡萄糖苷酶 β-glucosidase	βG	4-MUB-β-D-glucoside	水解纤维素 Hydrolyze cellulose
纤维素水解酶 Cellobiohydrolase	CBH	4-MUB-β-D-cellobioside	水解纤维素 Hydrolyze cellulose
过氧化物酶 Peroxidase	PEO	L-dihydroxyphenylalanine	降解木质素 Degrade lignin
多酚氧化酶 Polyphenol oxidase	PPO	L-dihydroxyphenylalanine	降解木质素 Degrade lignin

表3 可溶性有机质(DOM)输入对土壤理化性质的影响(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 3 Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) addition on physicochemical properties of the soil (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment	土壤总有机碳含量 Total soil organic carbon content (g·kg^-1)	总氮含量 Total soil nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	碳氮比 C:N	酸碱度 pH	溶解有机碳含量 Dissolved organic carbon content (mg·kg^-1)	溶解有机氮含量 Dissolved organic nitrogen content (mg·kg^-1)
CT	75.96 ± 0.14^a	4.72 ± 0.13^ab	16.11 ± 0.45^ab	4.49 ± 0.02^b	32.65 ± 12.20^b	5.39 ± 1.32^b
CL	70.94 ± 2.17^a	4.26 ± 0.23^b	16.69 ± 0.72^a	4.70 ± 0.12^a	139.02 ± 24.90^a	26.95 ± 8.65^a
SL	70.55 ± 1.77^a	4.53 ± 0.10^ab	15.58 ± 0.07^b	4.72 ± 0.09^a	154.06 ± 56.81^a	9.42 ± 1.44^b
PL	75.63 ± 5.22^a	4.89 ± 0.40^a	15.48 ± 0.31^b	4.59 ± 0.12^ab	110.24 ± 20.41^a	6.51 ± 1.78^b
p	0.10	0.06	0.04	0.06	0.01	<0.01

图1 可溶性有机质(DOM)输入对土壤微生物生物量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。CL, 输入杉木叶片DOM处理; CT, 对照处理; PL, 输入楠木叶片DOM处理; SL, 输入木荷叶片DOM处理。

Fig. 1 Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) addition on soil microbial biomass (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different treatments (p < 0.05). CL, Cunninghamia lanceolata leaf DOM addition treatment; CT, control treatment; PL, Phoebe zherman leaf DOM addition treatment; SL, Schima superba leaf DOM addition treatment.

图2 可溶性有机质(DOM)输入对土壤酶活性的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图中不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。CL, 输入杉木叶片DOM处理; CT, 对照处理; PL, 输入楠木叶片DOM处理; SL, 输入木荷叶片DOM处理。

Fig. 2 Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) addition on soil enzyme activities (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different treatments (p < 0.05). CL, Cunninghamia lanceolata leaf DOM addition treatment; CT, control treatment; PL, Phoebe zherman leaf DOM addition treatment; SL, Schima superba leaf DOM addition treatment.

表4 土壤理化性质、微生物生物量和酶活性与叶片可溶性有机质(DOM)性质的相关性分析

Table 4 Correlation analysis of soil physical and chemical properties, microbial biomass and enzyme activities with properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of fresh leaves

DOM性质 DOM property	土壤理化性质 Soil physical and chemical properties						微生物生物量Microbial biomass		土壤酶活性 Soil enzyme activities
DOM性质 DOM property	SOC	TN	C:N	pH	DOC	DON	MBC	MBN	βG	CBH	PEO	PPO
L-DOC	-0.79^*	-0.73^*	0.69^*	0.59	0.12	0.83^**	0.14	-0.78^*	0.87^**	0.94^**	-0.10	-0.25
L-DON	-0.15	0.16	-0.52	0.14	0.16	-0.46	-0.25	-0.27	-0.51	-0.30	-0.20	-0.84^**
L-HIX	0.81^**	0.79^*	-0.69^*	-0.59	-0.52	-0.76^*	0.04	0.90^**	-0.86^*	-0.93^*	-0.08	0.44
L-pH	0.52	0.65	-0.14	-0.47	-0.39	-0.19	0.14	0.86^**	-0.34	-0.54	0.09	0.88^**

图3 可溶性有机质(DOM)输入对土壤酶活性影响的冗余分析。 CL, 输入杉木叶片DOM处理; CT, 对照处理; PL, 输入楠木叶片DOM处理; SL, 输入木荷叶片DOM处理。βG, β-葡萄糖苷酶; CBH, 纤维素水解酶; PEO, 过氧化物酶; PPO, 多酚氧化酶。DOC, 土壤溶解有机碳含量; DON, 土壤溶解有机氮含量; MBN, 微生物生物量氮含量; SOC, 土壤总有机碳含量。图中实线箭头表示物种因子, 虚线箭头表示环境因子。图右下角变量注释表示对土壤酶活性变化有显著影响的环境因子的相应解释比例。

Fig. 3 Redundant analysis of the effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) input on soil enzyme activities. CL, Cunninghamia lanceolata leaf DOM addition treatment; CT, control treatment; PL, Phoebe zherman leaf DOM addition treatment; SL, Schima superba leaf DOM addition treatment. βG, β-glucosidase; CBH, cellulolytic enzymes; PEO, peroxidase; PPO, polyphenol oxidase. DOC, soil dissolved organic carbon content; DON, soil dissolved organic nitrogen content; MBN, microbial biomass nitrogen content; SOC, total soil organic carbon content. The solid arrows represent species factors and the dotted arrows represent environmental factors. The notes of variables in lower right corner of the picture represent the corresponding proportion of environmental factors that have a significant effect on changes in soil enzyme activities.

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不同植物来源可溶性有机质对亚热带森林土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of dissolved organic matter from different plant sources on soil enzyme activities in subtropical forests

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