东北温带针阔混交林32个树种非结构性碳水化合物的器官间变化与协同

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0053

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 432-445.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0053 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0053

东北温带针阔混交林32个树种非结构性碳水化合物的器官间变化与协同

胡晓慧¹, 王兴昌¹^,^*()(), 董涵君¹, 刘玉龙², 苑丹阳¹, 柳荻¹, 王晓春¹

¹东北林业大学生态学院, 森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040
²黑龙江省生态研究所, 哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2024-02-23 接受日期:2024-08-23 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2024-08-26
通讯作者: * 王兴昌(xcwang_cer@nefu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32171765);国家自然科学基金(42177421)

Variation and coordination of non-structural carbohydrates among organs in 32 tree species from a temperate conifer-broadleaf mixed forest in Northeast China

HU Xiao-Hui¹, WANG Xing-Chang¹^,^*()(), DONG Han-Jun¹, LIU Yu-Long², YUAN Dan-Yang¹, LIU Di¹, WANG Xiao-Chun¹

¹School of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forestry Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
²Heilongjiang Ecological Institute, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2024-02-23 Accepted:2024-08-23 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2024-08-26
Contact: * WANG Xing-Chang(xcwang_cer@nefu.edu.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171765);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42177421)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探索非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)在树种和器官之间的变化特征以及树木功能类群之间的差异, 是深入理解植物碳分配特征的重要课题。该研究在黑龙江省老爷岭的典型温带针阔混交林中选择32个树种, 系统性分析了叶、枝、树皮、边材、心材、树桩、粗根和细根8种器官NSC浓度随器官的变化特征及其与木材孔性的关系。结果显示: (1) NSC及其组分浓度在器官间的变异大于树种间的变异。由碳源器官(叶)向碳汇器官(树皮和粗根)、慢速周转器官(树干木材)浓度逐渐减小, 快速周转器官(叶和细根)的可溶性糖:淀粉比值最高。(2)大多数树种的NSC及其组分浓度在器官之间不存在相关关系, 而且大部分器官的可溶性糖和淀粉浓度之间也不存在显著的相关关系。(3)木材孔性对NSC及其组分浓度有显著影响。从无孔材、散孔材到环孔材, 树皮可溶性糖浓度逐渐降低, 除心材外的各器官淀粉浓度以及边材和地下器官的总NSC浓度逐渐升高。环孔材树种将更多NSC运输到非光合器官而保持较低的叶NSC浓度, 这是保证其整树充足碳供应的重要策略。这些结果表明典型温带树种不同器官存储NSC的功能分化明显, 木材孔性对多器官NSC及其组分浓度有不可忽视的影响。

关键词: 非结构性碳水化合物, 器官间变异, 种间变异, 木材孔性, 协同作用, 温带森林

Abstract:

Aims Exploring the variations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) among tree species and organs, as well as the differences in NSC among tree functional groups, is an important topic for a deeper understanding of the carbon allocation characteristics of plants.
Methods 32 tree species were selected from a typical conifer-broadleaf mixed forest in Laoyeling, Heilongjiang Province, and nine organs were collected to systematically analyze the changes in NSC concentration with organs and wood porosity.
Important findings (1) The effect of organs on concentrations of NSC and its components was greater than that of tree species. Among different organs, there was a gradual decrease in NSC from carbon source organs (leaf) to storage organs (bark and coarse root) and slow turnover organs (trunk wood); the sugar starch ratio was highest in fast turnover organs (leaf and fine root). (2) There were no significant correlations of the concentration(s) of NSC or its components between organs for most tree species; and there were no significant correlations between the concentrations of soluble sugar and starch in most organs. (3) Wood porosity had a significant effect on the concentrations of NSC and its components. From non-porous wood, diffuse-porous wood to ring-porous wood species, the soluble sugar concentration in bark gradually decreased; while the starch concentration in all organs except heartwood, as well as the total NSC concentration in sapwood and belowground organs, gradually increased. Transporting a greater proportion of NSC to non-photosynthetic organs, and thus keeping low concentrations of NSC in leaves, is an important strategy to ensure adequate carbon supply to the whole tree. These results indicate the obvious functional differentiation of NSC storage in different organs of typical temperate forest tree species, and the significant effect of wood porosity on the concentrations of NSC and its components in multi-organs.

Key words: non-structural carbohydrates, inter-organ variation, inter-specific variation, wood porosity, coordination, temperate forest

胡晓慧, 王兴昌, 董涵君, 刘玉龙, 苑丹阳, 柳荻, 王晓春. 东北温带针阔混交林32个树种非结构性碳水化合物的器官间变化与协同. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(3): 432-445. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0053

HU Xiao-Hui, WANG Xing-Chang, DONG Han-Jun, LIU Yu-Long, YUAN Dan-Yang, LIU Di, WANG Xiao-Chun. Variation and coordination of non-structural carbohydrates among organs in 32 tree species from a temperate conifer-broadleaf mixed forest in Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(3): 432-445. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0053

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0053

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I3/432

图/表 10

表1 东北温带针阔混交林样木基本情况

Table 1 Basic characteristics of sample trees from a temperate conifer-broadleaf mixed forest in Northeast China

序号 Code	树种 Tree species	木材孔性 Wood porosity	胸径(平均值±标准差) DBH (mean ± SD) (cm)
1	赤松 Pinus densiflora	N	43.23 ± 7.15
2	黄花落叶松 Larix olgensis	N	42.57 ± 2.01
3	红松 Pinus koraiensis	N	41.88 ± 3.25
4	臭冷杉 Abies nephrolepis	N	38.40 ± 4.59
5	杜松 Juniperus rigida	N	13.14 ± 2.45
6	红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis	N	50.42 ± 5.44
7	鱼鳞云杉Picea jezoensis var. microsperma	N	44.40 ± 5.95
8	东北红豆杉 Taxus cuspidata	N	53.70 ± 10.12
9	杉松 Abies holophylla	N	43.87 ± 12.16
10	东北槭 Acer mandshuricum	D	36.17 ± 2.28
11	青楷槭 Acer tegmentosum	D	23.58 ± 2.26
12	黑樱桃 Prunus maximowiczii	D	24.05 ± 2.60
13	五角槭 Acer pictum subsp. mono	D	41.60 ± 8.81
14	白桦 Betula platyphylla	D	39.35 ± 5.93
15	辽东桤木 Alnus hirsuta	D	31.31 ± 5.19
16	硕桦 Betula costata	D	47.83 ± 6.44
17	大青杨 Populus ussuriensis	D	52.62 ± 4.42
18	斑叶稠李 Padus maackii	D	32.45 ± 1.51
19	紫椴 Tilia amurensis	D	51.93 ± 9.87
20	山杨 Populus davidiana	D	54.60 ± 7.71
21	黑桦 Betula dahurica	D	51.10 ± 8.50
22	朝鲜柳 Salix koreensis	D	40.93 ± 7.57
23	裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata	R	42.50 ± 7.34
24	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica	R	49.02 ± 9.15
25	朝鲜槐 Maackia amurensis	R	21.23 ± 1.92
26	大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa	R	26.30 ± 3.11
27	蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica	R	46.81 ± 3.64
28	软枣猕猴桃 Actinidia arguta	R	8.47 ± 0.81
29	黄檗 Phellodendron amurense	R	36.28 ± 8.99
30	胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica	S	38.53 ± 8.04
31	楤木 Aralia elata	R	12.69 ± 6.63
32	春榆 Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	R	38.76 ± 7.03

表2 32个温带树种器官非结构性碳水化合物浓度的双因素方差分析

Table 2 Two-way analysis of variance for the concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates in organs of 32 temperate tree species

参数 Parameter	变异来源 Source of variation	df	F	p
可溶性糖浓度 Soluble sugar concentration	器官 Organ	7	547.96	<0.01
	木材孔性 wood porosity	2	5.08	<0.01
	器官×木材孔性 Organ × wood porosity	14	11.00	<0.01
淀粉浓度 Starch concentration	器官 Organ	7	82.20	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	58.58	<0.01
	器官×木材孔性 Organ × wood porosity	14	7.68	<0.01
总非结构性碳水化合物浓度 Total non-structural carbohydrates concentration	器官 Organ	7	425.40	<0.01
	木材孔性 Wood porosity	2	10.68	<0.01
	器官×木材孔性 Organ × wood porosity	14	10.00	<0.01

图1 32个温带树种各器官非结构性碳水化合物浓度比较。“箱体”上下两端延伸出的误差线分别连接了数据的95%和5%分位数, “箱体”的上下两端分别表示上四分位数和下四分位数, “箱体”中的横线表示中位数。不同小写字母表示器官间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Comparisons of concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) among organs in 32 temperate tree species. The error bars at the upper and lower ends of each “box” represent the 95% and 5% percentiles of the data, respectively; the upper and lower ends of the “box” represent the upper quartile and the lower quartile, respectively; and the horizontal line in the “box” represents the median value. Different lowercase letters mean significant difference in the concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates between organs (p < 0.05).

图2 不同树种非结构性碳水化合物浓度的器官间变异系数。树种序号同表1。

Fig. 2 Coefficient of inter-organ variation of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations for different species. Code of tree species is the same as that in Table 1.

图3 穆棱32个树种不同器官非结构性碳水化合物浓度的种内变异系数(平均值±标准差)。树种序号同表1。

Fig. 3 Coefficient of intra-specific variation of non-structural carbohydrate concentration in different organs of 32 tree species in Muling (mean ± SD). Code of tree species is the same as that in Table 1.

图4 穆棱32个树种不同器官总非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)浓度。树种序号同表1。

Fig. 4 Concentrations of total non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in different organs of 32 tree species in Muling. Code of tree species is the same as that in Table 1.

图5 穆棱32个树种不同器官非结构性碳水化合物浓度的种间变异系数。不同的小写字母表示器官之间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Coefficient of inter-specific variation (CV) of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) concentration in different organs of 32 tree species in Muling. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between organs (p < 0.05).

图6 穆棱32个树种非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)浓度在器官之间正相关、不相关、负相关的百分比。B, 树皮; Br, 枝; C, 粗根; F, 细根; H, 心材; L, 叶; S, 树桩; Sa, 边材。显著水平设为p < 0.05。

Fig. 6 Percentages of positive correlation, no correlation and negative correlation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) concentration between organs of 32 tree species in Muling. B, bark; Br, branch; C, coarse root; F, fine root; H, heartwood; L, leaf; S, stump; Sa, sapwood. The significant level is set to p < 0.05.

图7 穆棱32个树种器官内可溶性糖与淀粉浓度的相关性。

Fig. 7 Correlations between concentrations of soluble sugars and starch within organs of 32 tree species in Muling.

图8 穆棱32个树种木材孔性间非结构性碳水化合物浓度的比较。不同的小写字母表示不同木材孔性之间存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 8 Comparison of non-structural carbohydrate concentration (NSC) between wood porosity types of 32 tree species in Muling. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in NSC concentration between wood porosity types (p < 0.05).

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东北温带针阔混交林32个树种非结构性碳水化合物的器官间变化与协同

Variation and coordination of non-structural carbohydrates among organs in 32 tree species from a temperate conifer-broadleaf mixed forest in Northeast China

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