植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 566-583.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0153  cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0153

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丛枝菌根和外生菌根植物磷获取与利用策略研究进展与展望

刘润洪(), 阳柳蓉, 梁慧婷, 申卫军*()   

  1. 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-28 接受日期:2025-07-10 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者: *申卫军(shenweijun@gxu.edu.cn)
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技基地和人才专项(AD23026326);国家自然科学基金(U24A20430);国家自然科学基金(32271847);广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目(YCBZ2023024);广西壮族自治区大学生创新训练项目(S202410593435);广西壮族自治区大学生创新训练项目(Y202410593471)

Research progress and prospect on phosphorus acquisition and utilization strategies of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal plants

LIU Run-Hong(), YANG Liu-Rong, LIANG Hui-Ting, SHEN Wei-Jun*()   

  1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
  • Received:2025-04-28 Accepted:2025-07-10 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-15
  • Contact: *SHEN Wei-Jun(shenweijun@gxu.edu.cn)
  • Supported by:
    Guangxi Science and Technology Base and Talent Special Project(AD23026326);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20430);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271847);Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(YCBZ2023024);Innovative Training Program for Undergraduates of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(S202410593435);Innovative Training Program for Undergraduates of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Y202410593471)

摘要:

磷作为植物生长发育所必需的营养元素, 其生物有效性深刻影响着生态系统的结构与功能。绝大多数植物通过与丛枝菌根(AM)或外生菌根(ECM)真菌建立共生关系, 显著增强其获取与利用磷的能力。然而, 尽管大量研究探讨了AM和ECM植物在磷获取与利用策略上的差异, 但鲜见有研究对此进行系统总结。该文通过梳理国内外研究进展, 从根系形态与构型、根系生理性状、根系与微生物相互作用以及磷重吸收效率4个方面, 系统综述了AM和ECM植物磷获取与利用策略研究进展。结果表明, AM和ECM植物在磷获取与利用策略上呈现显著差异: AM植物通常与快速矿化有机物的微生物形成互利关系, 胞外酶分泌能力有限, 偏好吸收无机磷, 采用“获取型”策略; 而ECM植物分泌胞外酶等分泌物的能力较强, 能够利用有机磷, 采取“保守型”策略。最后, 针对当前研究中存在的不足, 该文提出了未来需要重点关注的研究方向。该文有助于深化对菌根介导的磷循环过程、物种共存及生产力维持机制的理解, 并为农林业生产与生态修复实践中的物种选择与配置以及养分管理提供理论依据。

关键词: 磷获取策略, 丛枝菌根, 外生菌根, 根系性状, 菌丝性状, 根系分泌物, 微生物

Abstract:

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development, and its bioavailability has a profound impact on the structure and function of ecosystems. Most plants form symbiotic associations with either arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, which can significantly enhance their ability to acquire and utilize P. Although numerous studies have explored the differences in P acquisition and utilization strategies between AM and ECM plants, few have systematically synthesized these strategies. In this paper, we comprehensively review the P acquisition and utilization strategies from four perspectives: root morphology and architecture, root physiological traits, root-microbe interactions, and P resorption efficiency. It is concluded here that there exist significant differences in P acquisition and utilization strategies between AM and ECM plants. Specifically, AM plants usually form a mutually beneficial relationship with microorganisms that rapidly mineralize organic matter, have a limited extracellular enzyme secretion capacity, and prefer to absorb inorganic P, therefore adopting an “acquisition strategy”. In contrast, ECM plants have a strong ability to secrete extracellular enzymes and other secretions that enable them to utilize organic P, and therefore adopt a “conservation strategy”. Finally, this review proposes six research directions that need to be addressed to overcome current limitations in the future research. Overall, this review not only deepens our theoretical understanding of mycorrhizal-mediated P cycling processes, species coexistence, and productivity maintenance mechanisms, but also provides theoretical guidance for species selection, species configuration, and nutrient management in agricultural and forestry production and ecological restoration practices.

Key words: phosphorus acquisition strategies, arbuscular mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhiza, root trait, mycorrhizal trait, root exudate, microorganism