2018-2023年黄土高原丘陵沟壑区川台地农田长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄土高原丘陵沟壑区是黄土高原最具代表性的地貌单元, 其复杂破碎的地形条件和脆弱的生态环境决定了该地区农业生产的特殊性。川台地作为该区域的重要农业耕作区, 因其地势平坦、土壤肥沃, 其上的农田是该区域典型的农田生态系统类型。作物性状和产量作为农田生态系统长期监测中的基础要素, 可直接反映农田的生产力, 也是衡量农田可持续性的重要指标。连续多年对川台地农田的生态要素进行观测, 对于深入理解农田生态系统的动态变化及其与环境因素的相互作用具有重要意义。陕西安塞农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(简称安塞站)是研究干旱半干旱黄土高原丘陵区的核心研究平台, 隶属于中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)和国家生态系统观测研究网络(CNERN), 也是黄土高原丘陵沟壑区农田生态系统长期野外观测的重要平台。该数据集整合了安塞站川台地(2018-2023年)典型耕作制度下3个农田长期定位观测场的作物收获期性状和产量等观测数据, 主要包括样地长期轮作体系、肥料投入、农药/除草剂/生长剂投入、收获期性状、收获期测产等数据。该数据集可为研究和评估区域农田生态系统的生产力与稳定性、优化农业管理措施及制定相关农业政策提供科学数据支撑。

数据库(集)基本信息简介

数据库(集)名称	2018-2023年黄土高原丘陵沟壑区川台地农田长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集
数据库(集)作者	王志波, 刘文胜, 吴瑞俊, 王国梁
数据库(集)通信作者	王国梁(glwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn )
数据时间范围	2018-01-01-2023-12-31
地理区域	安塞石窑沟(109.34°-109.35° E, 36.81°-36.82° N)
文件大小	65.69 kb
数据格式	.xlsx
数据链接	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0330-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673
数据库(集)组成	该数据集有1个文件，包含6个数据表格: 农田复种指数与典型地块作物轮作体系, 农田主要作物肥料投入情况, 农田主要作物农药、除草剂、生长剂等投入情况, 玉米收获期植株性状, 大豆收获期植株性状表, 作物收获期测产

关键词: 作物收获期性状, 作物产量, 长期监测数据, 黄土丘陵沟壑区, 大豆, 玉米

Abstract:

The hilly and gully region is the most representative geomorphic unit of the Loess Plateau. The complex and fragmented terrain, along with its fragile ecological environment, determines the unique characteristics of agricultural production in this region. The fluvial terraces, as an important agricultural cultivation area, is characterized by its flat terrain and fertile soil, making it a typical agricultural ecosystem type of the region. Crop traits and yields, as fundamental elements in long-term observation of agricultural ecosystems, can directly reflect the productivity of farmlands and are important indicators for assessing agricultural sustainability. Continuous multi-year observations of agricultural ecosystem elements in the fluvial terraces are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic changes in agricultural ecosystems and their interactions with environmental factors. The Ansai Farmland Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station (referred to as Ansai Station) is a core research platform dedicated to the arid and semi-arid hilly regions of the Loess Plateau. It is affiliated with the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) and the National Ecosystem Observation and Research Network (CNERN). The Ansai Station serves as a crucial platform for long-term field observations of farmland ecosystems in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau. This dataset integrates ecological observation data from three long-term observation fields on fluvial terraces at the Ansai Station (2018-2023) under typical cultivation systems, including long-term crop rotation systems, fertilizer inputs, applications of pesticides, herbicides, and growth regulators, harvest period traits, and yield measurements. This dataset provides valuable data support for evaluating the productivity and stability of regional farmland ecosystems, optimizing agricultural management practices, and formulating relevant agricultural policies.

Database/dataset profile

Data title	Dataset of crop harvest traits and yield in long-term observation farmland plots on the terraces in the hilly and gully regions of the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2023
Data authors	WANG Zhi-Bo, LIU Wen-Sheng, WU Rui-Jun, WANG Guo-Liang
Data corresponding author	WANG Guo-Liang (glwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn)
Data time range	2018-01-01-2023-12-31
Data geographical scope	Shiyaogou, Ansai District (109.34°-109.35° E, 36.81°-36.82° N)
Data volume	65.69 kb
Data format	.xlsx
Data links	https://www.plant-ecology.com../../fileup/1005-264X/PDF/cjpe.2024.0330-D1.xlsx https://www.plantplus.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673 https://www.scidb.cn/doi/10.12282/plantdata.1673
Database/dataset composition	This dataset consists of one file, including six table sheets, which are: multiple cropping index and crop rotation system in typical cropland, fertilizer application situation in the main crops, application situation of pesticide, herbicide and growth agents in the main crops, plant traits of maize at harvest time, plant traits of soybean at harvest time, observation of crop yield at harvest time

Key words: crop harvest traits, grain yield, long-term observation data, Loess Plateau hilly and gully region, soybean, maize

王志波, 刘文胜, 吴瑞俊, 王国梁. 2018-2023年黄土高原丘陵沟壑区川台地农田长期监测样地作物收获期性状和产量数据集. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(8): 1301-1311. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

WANG Zhi-Bo, LIU Wen-Sheng, WU Rui-Jun, WANG Guo-Liang. Dataset of crop harvest traits and yields from long-term observation farmland plots on fluvial terraces in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau from 2018 to 2023. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(8): 1301-1311. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0330

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I8/1301

图/表 10

参考文献 12

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序号 No.	样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	样地类别 Plot type	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	地理位置 Location	海拔 Altitude (m)	建立时间和设计使用年限 Establishment time and designed service time
1	ASAZH02ABC_01	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
2	ASAFZ08ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-空白样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-control plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
3	ASAFZ09ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-straw returning plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)

序号 No.	样地代码 Plot code	样地名称 Plot name	样地类别 Plot type	轮作体系 Crop rotation system	地理位置 Location	海拔 Altitude (m)	建立时间和设计使用年限 Establishment time and designed service time
1	ASAZH02ABC_01	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
2	ASAFZ08ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-空白样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-control plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)
3	ASAFZ09ABC_01	石窑沟土壤监测辅助观测场-秸秆还田样地 Shiyaogou auxiliary soil observation field-straw returning plot	辅助观测场 Auxiliary observation plot	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize	109.34° E, 36.81° N	1 009	2018年, 长期 Long-term observation (2018)

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site	1
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN	ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year	2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code	ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Types of cropland tillage practices	旱地 Dryland farming
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分率(%) Percentage of total annual crop harvested area relative to total cultivated land area (%)	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期, “→”表示年间作物接茬种植 Cropping sequence and rotation cycle composed of various crops and planting modes within the same plot; the symbol “→” represents interannual crop succession	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 Current-year crop in the rotation system	春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site	1
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN	ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year	2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code	ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions	石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN	综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
农田类型 Cropland type	农田的耕作方式类型 Types of cropland tillage practices	旱地 Dryland farming
复种指数 Multiple cropping index	全年农作物总收获面积占耕地的百分率(%) Percentage of total annual crop harvested area relative to total cultivated land area (%)	100.0
轮作体系 Crop rotation system	同一块样地不同作物和种植模式组成的种植顺序与田间轮换周期, “→”表示年间作物接茬种植 Cropping sequence and rotation cycle composed of various crops and planting modes within the same plot; the symbol “→” represents interannual crop succession	大豆→玉米→玉米 Soybean→maize→maize
当年作物 Crop in the current year	轮作体系中当年种植的作物 Current-year crop in the rotation system	春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row

数据项 Data item	定义 Definition	单位 Units	实例 Example
序号 No.	按时间顺序以不同年份、不同样地数据累计编号 Sequential cumulative numbering of data by year and sampling site		3
生态站代码 Site code	CERN统一的生态站的代码 Standardized ecological station code of CERN		ASA
年 Year	数据采集年份 Data collection year		2018
样地代码 Plot code	CERN统一的样地代码 Standardized CERN sampling site code		ASAZH02ABC_01
样地名称 Plot name	根据CERN统一规则命名的样地名称 Sampling site name standardized by CERN naming conventions		石窑沟川地综合观测场土壤生物采样地 Soil biological plot of Shiyaogou valley comprehensive observation field
样地类别 Plot type	根据CERN统一的样地类型 Sampling site type standardized by CERN		综合观测场 Comprehensive observation plot
作物名称 Crop name	作物具体名称 Crop cultivar name		春大豆 Spring-sown soybean
肥料名称 Fertilizer name	所用肥料名称的全称 Full names of the fertilizers used		尿素 Urea
施用时间 Fertilization date	肥料实际施用日期 Actual fertilizer application date		2018-07-20
作物生育期 Crop growth phase	施肥时作物所处的物候期 Crop phenological stage at the time of fertilizer application		开花期 Flowering stage
施用方式 Application way	肥料施用方法和肥料用途 Fertilizer application method and purpose		根施追肥 Root-zone application of topdressing fertiliser
施用量 Application amount	每公顷施用肥料重量 Fertilizer application rate per hectare	kg·hm^-2	209.00
肥料折合纯氮量 Equivalent N	肥料施用量中包含的纯氮量, 即施氮量 Nitrogen application rate	kg·hm^-2	96.14
肥料折合纯磷量 Equivalent P	肥料施用量中包含的纯磷量, 即施磷量 Phosphorus application rate	kg·hm^-2
肥料折合纯钾量 Equivalent K	肥料施用量中包含的纯钾量, 即施钾量 Potassium application rate	kg·hm^-2
备注 Remark	针对本行数据的说明 Notes regarding the data in this row		尿素含N 46% Urea contains 46% nitrogen