克隆植物生态学: 响应与效应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0242

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (7): 999-1037.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0242 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0242

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克隆植物生态学: 响应与效应

宋垚彬¹(), 董鸣¹^,²^,^*(), 于飞海³, 叶学华⁴, 刘建⁵

¹杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院生态系统保护与恢复杭州市重点实验室, 杭州 311121
²绵阳师范学院生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室, 四川绵阳 621000
³绍兴文理学院生命与环境科学学院, 浙江绍兴 312000
⁴中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化重点实验室, 北京 100093
⁵山东大学环境研究院, 山东青岛 266237

收稿日期:2024-07-24 接受日期:2025-05-01 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-22
通讯作者: ^*董鸣, E-mail: dongming@hznu.edu.cn
作者简介:宋垚彬, 杭州师范大学教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向为植物生态学, 聚焦(克隆)植物功能性状。目前已在国内外学术期刊发表研究论文80余篇, 参编专著5部。获浙江省自然科学奖三等奖1项。ORCID: 宋垚彬: 0000-0001-9342-0423
董鸣, 杭州师范大学教授, 博士生导师。国家杰出青年科学基金、国务院政府特殊津贴获得者, 入选国家“百千万人才工程(第一、二层次)”。长期研究植物生态学, 尤其是克隆植物生态学。在国内外学术期刊发表论文300余篇, 主编专著14部。曾获四川省科技进步二等奖、浙江省自然科学奖三等奖等。
于飞海, 绍兴文理学院教授, 博士生导师。入选教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”和浙江省“万人计划”科技创新领军人才。主要从事克隆植物生态学、入侵植物生态学和湿地植物生态学研究, 发表论文380余篇, 获省部级奖两项
叶学华, 中国科学院植物研究所副研究员, 硕士生导师。主要从事克隆植物生态学与沙地生态学研究。在国内外期刊发表学术论文70余篇、参编专著9部。获浙江省自然科学三等奖1项
刘建, 山东大学教授, 博士生导师。研究方向为湿地生态学、全球变化生态学、生态系统固碳与碳中和、植物生态学等。在国内外学术期刊发表学术论文200余篇。获山东省科技进步二等奖、国家环境保护科学技术奖二等奖、山东省高等教育教学成果奖等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32371580);国家自然科学基金(31670429)

Clonal plant ecology: responses and effects

SONG Yao-Bin¹(), DONG Ming¹^,²^,^*(), YU Fei-Hai³, YE Xue-Hua⁴, LIU Jian⁵

¹Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
²Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
³School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
⁴Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
⁵Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China

Received:2024-07-24 Accepted:2025-05-01 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-22
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371580);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670429)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

克隆性是生物在自然状态下自发地通过克隆生长或克隆生殖产生与自身基因型相同的具有独立性或潜在独立性子代个体的习性。具有克隆性的植物是克隆植物, 它广泛存在于各类生态系统中, 并在草原、冻原、湿地、竹林等许多生态系统中占据优势地位, 发挥着重要作用。因此, 探讨克隆植物对环境变化的响应和效应, 及其适应意义, 有助于全面理解影响生态系统组成、结构、功能和服务的关键过程和因素, 也有助于建立基于自然的生态系统保护与修复技术和方案。该文从植物克隆性与克隆性状等基本概念出发, 结合克隆植物生态学40多年来的研究进展, 系统梳理了克隆植物对环境变化的响应, 并从生态系统的组成、结构、功能和服务等方面综述了克隆植物的生态效应, 总结了在推进可持续发展目标背景下的克隆植物生态学基础研究及其生态应用。最后, 对克隆植物生态学的未来研究方向进行展望, 并提出以下建议: 以基于性状途径的响应-效应研究作为研究克隆植物生态学及植物克隆生态学的新范式; 开展面向全球气候变化、土地退化、环境污染、生物入侵和生物多样性丧失等重大生态与环境问题的克隆植物生态学研究; 回答在个体到生态系统多个组织层次上的克隆植物生态学、植物克隆生态学及其他相关的科学问题; 加强群落及生态系统水平上的克隆植物生态学研究; 探究植物克隆性的谱系格局和分子演化过程。

关键词: 克隆性, 生态响应, 生态效应, 生态适应

Abstract:

Clonality is the ability of an organism, in natural conditions, to spontaneously produce independent or potentially independent offspring with the same genotype as their parents via clonal growth or clonal reproduction. Plants that possess clonality are clonal plants. They are ubiquitous in various types of ecosystems and dominate many ecosystems such as grasslands, tundra, wetlands and bamboo forests and play vital roles therein. Therefore, exploring clonal plants’ responses to and effects on changing environments and then their adaptive significances can deepen our understanding of the key processes and factors determining ecosystem composition, structure, functions and services, and help establish reliable natural solution-based ecosystem conservation and restoration techniques and programs. Starting from concept of plant clonality and clonal traits and in conjunction with over 40 years of progress in clonal plant ecology, we systematically tease out ecological responses of clonal plants to environmental changes, review the effects of clonal plants on ecosystems’ composition, structure, functions and services, and summarize basic and applied aspects of clonal plant ecology in the background of sustainable development. Finally, we propose future research directions of clonal plant ecology: using trait-based response-effect approach as new paradigm for clonal plant ecology/plant clone ecology; conducting clonal plant research in the context of vital eco-environmental challenges such as global climate change, land degradation, environmental pollution, biological invasion, and biodiversity loss; answering clonal plant ecology, plant clone ecology and and other-related scientific questions, at multiple organizational levels from individual to ecosystem; strengthening clonal plant research at the level of community/ecosystem; exploring phylogenetic pattern and molecular evolution process of plant clonality.

Key words: clonality, ecological response, ecological effect, ecological adaptation

宋垚彬, 董鸣, 于飞海, 叶学华, 刘建. 克隆植物生态学: 响应与效应. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(7): 999-1037. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0242

SONG Yao-Bin, DONG Ming, YU Fei-Hai, YE Xue-Hua, LIU Jian. Clonal plant ecology: responses and effects. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(7): 999-1037. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0242

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0242

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I7/999

图/表 4

图1 克隆植物功能性状(包括非克隆性状和克隆性状)。克隆性状包括: ①基株(即克隆)性状: 寿命、分株数、分枝类型比例、分株类型比例、分枝强度、分枝角度、分株放置式样、克隆整合和克隆内分工等; ②克隆器官(如间隔子)性状: 形态、结构、生理、寿命和化学计量等。非克隆性状包括: ③分株寿命和分株类型等; ④分株的根、茎、叶、花和果等的形态、结构、生理、物候和化学计量等。

Fig. 1 Functional traits of clonal plants include clonal traits and non-clonal traits. Clonal traits include: ① genet (i.e., clone) traits: longevity, number of ramets, rate of branching types, rate of ramet types, branching intensity, branching angle, placement of ramets, clonal integration, intraclonal division of labor, etc. and ② clonal organ (e.g., spacer) traits: morphology, structure, physiology, longevity and stoichiometry, etc. Non-clonal traits include: ③ ramet type, ramet longevity, etc., and ④ root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit of ramets: morphology, structure, physiology, phenology, stoichiometry, etc.

图2 异质性生境中的克隆整合能增加基株的适合度。

Fig. 2 Clonal integration enhances fitness of genets in heterogeneous habitats.

图3 克隆觅食(分株选择放置)增加克隆植物在空间异质性环境中的适合度。

Fig. 3 Clonal foraging (selective placement of ramets) enhances fitness of clonal plants in spatially heterogeneous habitats.

图4 克隆内分工增加克隆植物在空间异质性环境中的适合度。

Fig. 4 Intraclonal division of labor enhances fitness of clonal plants in spatially heterogeneous habitats.

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克隆植物生态学: 响应与效应

Clonal plant ecology: responses and effects

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