植物根系构型对花岗岩弃渣土壤有机碳组分的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2025.0122

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 1485-1497.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0122 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0122

植物根系构型对花岗岩弃渣土壤有机碳组分的影响

周雨婷¹, 肖江¹, 黄欣瑞¹, 龚定康¹, 刘镌垚¹, 刘雕¹, 雷泞菲¹^,²^,^*(), 王琦¹, 李玲娟¹, 李琪¹^,², 裴向军¹^,²^,^*()

¹成都理工大学, 地质灾害与环境保护全国重点实验室, 成都 610054
²天府永兴实验室, 成都 610200

收稿日期:2025-04-03 接受日期:2025-09-09 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-10-25
通讯作者: ^*雷泞菲 (470226504@qq.com);
裴向军 (379975180@qq.com)
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2023B03011-3);西藏自治区重点研发计划(XZ202401ZY0091);四川省科技厅纵向项目(2024YFTX0005)

Influence of root architecture on soil organic carbon fraction in a granite spoil dump

ZHOU Yu-Ting¹, XIAO Jiang¹, HUANG Xin-Rui¹, GONG Ding-Kang¹, LIU Juan-Yao¹, LIU Diao¹, LEI Ning-Fei¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Qi¹, LI Ling-Juan¹, LI Qi¹^,², PEI Xiang-Jun¹^,²^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610054, China
²Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory, Chengdu 610200, China

Received:2025-04-03 Accepted:2025-09-09 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-10-25
Supported by:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key R&D Programme(2023B03011-3);Key R&D Programme of the Xizang Autonomous Region(XZ202401ZY0091);Government-sponsored Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2024YFTX0005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 花岗岩弃渣堆积破坏土壤结构导致碳排放加剧, 生态修复后土壤仍存在碳库稳定性低等问题。根系作为植物-土壤-微生物互作的关键界面, 构型特征显著影响土壤有机碳的转化过程。该研究通过对比直根系紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)根际土(MR)与非根际土(MNR)和须根系披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)根际土(PR)与非根际土(PNR)的有机碳组分含量, 结合土壤理化性质、酶活性与细菌群落特征的调控作用, 揭示根系构型对花岗岩弃渣场重构土壤有机碳组分含量的影响。结果表明: (1)两种植物均显著提高总有机碳(TOC)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)和颗粒有机碳(POC)含量; (2)须根系披碱草对TOC和DOC的根际效应(50.36%和78.60%)显著高于苜蓿(13.38%和-7.10%), 表明其对碳含量的提升作用更强; (3) PR较MR更能显著提升土壤速效养分含量, 增强纤维素酶活性, 并富集变形菌门(相对丰度41.09%), 为碳积累创造更适宜的微环境; (4)相关性分析显示, 铵态氮含量、有效磷含量及纤维素酶活性与TOC、DOC和POC含量均呈显著正相关关系。综上, 相比直根系苜蓿, 须根系披碱草对花岗岩弃渣重构土壤有机碳积累的驱动效应更为显著。该研究结果为促进花岗岩弃渣场有机碳库的稳定、生态修复植物筛选和群落配置提供理论支撑。

关键词: 根系构型, 根际效应, 活性有机碳, 弃渣场, 生态修复

Abstract:

Aims The accumulation of granite spoils destroys soil structure and increases carbon emissions. Even after ecological restoration, these soils still suffer from low stability of carbon pools. As a key interface of plant-soil-microorganism interactions, root system, particularly its architecture characteristics, significantly affect the transformation of soil organic carbon. However, the effect of root architecture on the transformation of organic carbon in granite spoil dump soils is not clear yet.
Methods In this paper, we compared the organic carbon fraction contents between rhizosphere and bulk soils of the taproot system Medicago sativa (MR and MNR) and the fibrous-root system Elymus dahuricus (PR and PNR) to reveal the effects of root architecture on organic carbon fraction contents in a granite spoil dump. Furthermore, we analyzed soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial community characteristics to reveal their underlying drivers.
Important findings Our results showed that: (1) total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) content were significantly increased by plants in both systems; (2) the rhizosphere effects on TOC and DOC were significantly higher in Elymus dahuricus (50.36% and 78.60%) than that in Medicago sativa (13.38% and -7.10%), suggesting a stronger effect on carbon enhancement in the fibrous-root system relative to the taproot system; (3) Compared to MR, PR was more effective at significantly increasing soil fast-acting nutrient content, enhancing cellulase activity, and enriching the Proteobacteria (relative abundance 41.09%), and thus creating a more suitable microenvironment for carbon accumulation; (4) correlation analysis showed that ammonium nitrogen, effective phosphorus and cellulase activity were significantly and positively correlated with TOC, DOC and POC contents. In summary, the driving effect of the fibrous-rooted Elymus dahuricus was more effective for organic carbon accumulation in granite spoil reconfigured soils compared to the taproot system Medicago sativa. This study provides theoretical support for the stabilization of organic carbon pools in granite dumps, and the screening and community allocation of ecological restoration plants.

Key words: root architecture, rhizosphere effect, active organic carbon, granite spoil dump, ecological restoration

周雨婷, 肖江, 黄欣瑞, 龚定康, 刘镌垚, 刘雕, 雷泞菲, 王琦, 李玲娟, 李琪, 裴向军. 植物根系构型对花岗岩弃渣土壤有机碳组分的影响. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(9): 1485-1497. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0122

ZHOU Yu-Ting, XIAO Jiang, HUANG Xin-Rui, GONG Ding-Kang, LIU Juan-Yao, LIU Diao, LEI Ning-Fei, WANG Qi, LI Ling-Juan, LI Qi, PEI Xiang-Jun. Influence of root architecture on soil organic carbon fraction in a granite spoil dump. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(9): 1485-1497. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0122

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2025.0122

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I9/1485

图/表 5

图1 不同植物根系构型对土壤理化性质(平均值±标准误)的影响。B, 生态修复初期土; MNR, 苜蓿非根际土; MR, 苜蓿根际土; PNR, 披碱草非根际土; PR, 披碱草根际土。不同小写字母表示不同土壤样本之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of different root architecture on soil physico-chemical properties (mean ± SE). B, soil at the beginning of ecological restoration; MNR, Medicago sativa bulk soil; MR, Medicago sativa rhizosphere soil; PNR, Elymus dahuricus bulk soil; PR, Elymus dahuricus rhizosphere soil. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different soil samples significantly (p < 0.05).

图2 不同植物根系构型对有机碳组分的影响(A-C)及根际效应(D) (平均值±标准误)。B, 生态修复初期土; MNR, 苜蓿非根际土; MR, 苜蓿根际土; PNR, 披碱草非根际土; PR, 披碱草根际土。M, 苜蓿; P, 披碱草。DOC, 溶解性有机碳; POC, 颗粒有机碳; TOC, 总有机碳。不同小写字母表示不同土壤样本之间差异显著(p < 0.05); *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 2 Effects of different root architecture on organic carbon fractions (A-C) and rhizosphere effects (D) (mean ± SE). B, soil at the beginning of ecological restoration; MNR, Medicago sativa bulk soil; MR, Medicago sativa rhizosphere soil; PNR, Elymus dahuricus bulk soil; PR, Elymus dahuricus rhizosphere soil. M, Medicago sativa; P, Elymus dahuricus. DOC, Dissolved organic carbon; POC, Particulate organic carbon; TOC, Total organic carbon. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different soil samples significantly (p < 0.05); *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001.

图3 不同植物根系构型对土壤酶活性(平均值±标准误)的影响。B, 生态修复初期土; MNR, 苜蓿非根际土; MR, 苜蓿根际土; PNR, 披碱草非根际土; PR, 披碱草根际土。不同小写字母表示不同土壤样本之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of different root architecture on soil enzyme activities (mean ± SE). B, soil at the beginning of ecological restoration; MNR, Medicago sativa bulk soil; MR, Medicago sativa rhizosphere soil; PNR, Elymus dahuricus bulk soil; PR, Elymus dahuricus rhizosphere soil. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different soil samples significantly (p < 0.05).

图4 不同植物根系构型对细菌群落多样性(A、B)及结构(C)的影响。B, 生态修复初期土; MNR, 苜蓿非根际土; MR, 苜蓿根际土; PNR, 披碱草非根际土; PR, 披碱草根际土。*, p < 0.05。NMDS, 非度量多维尺度分析。

Fig. 4 Effects of different root architecture on bacterial community diversity (A, B) and structure (C). B, soil at the beginning of ecological restoration; MNR, Medicago sativa bulk soil; MR, Medicago sativa rhizosphere soil; PNR, Elymus dahuricus bulk soil; PR, Elymus dahuricus rhizosphere soil. *, p < 0.05. NMOS, non-metric multidimensional scaling.

图5 有机碳与环境因子的相关性分析(A)和冗余分析(RDA, B)。B, 生态修复初期土; MR, 苜蓿根际土; MNR, 苜蓿非根际土; PR, 披碱草根际土; PNR, 披碱草非根际土。AK, 速效钾含量; AKP, 碱性磷酸酶活性; AP, 有效磷含量; βG, β-葡萄糖甘酶活性; CL, 纤维素酶活性; DOC, 溶解性有机碳含量; EC, 电导率; NAG, N-乙酰-β-D葡萄糖甘酶活性; NH4+-N, 铵态氮含量; NO3--N, 硝态氮含量; POC, 颗粒有机碳含量; SOM, 有机质含量; TOC, 总有机碳含量; UE, 脲酶活性。Acidobacteriota, 酸杆菌门; Actinobacteriota, 放线菌门; Bacteroidota, 拟杆菌门; Chloroflexi, 绿弯菌门; Firmicutes, 厚壁菌门; Gemmatimonadota, 芽单胞菌门; Methylomirabilota, 甲烷氧化菌门; Myxococcota, 黏菌门; Proteobacteria, 变形菌门; Others, 其他类群; Verrucomicrobiota, 疣微菌门。

Fig. 5 Correlation analysis (A) and redundancy analysis (RDA, B) of organic carbon with environmental factors. B, soil at the beginning of ecological restoration; MR, Medicago sativa rhizosphere soil; MNR, Medicago sativa bulk soil; PR, Elymus dahuricus rhizosphere soil; PNR, Elymus dahuricus bulk soil. AK, available potassium content; AKP, Alkaline phosphatase activity; AP, available phosphorus content; βG, β-glucosidase activity; CL, cellulase activity; DOC, dissolved organic carbon content; EC, conductivity; NAG, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activity; NH4+-N, ammonium nitrogen content; NO3--N, nitrate nitrogen content; POC, particulate organic carbon content; SOM, organic matter content; TOC, total organic carbon content; UE, urease activity.

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植物根系构型对花岗岩弃渣土壤有机碳组分的影响

Influence of root architecture on soil organic carbon fraction in a granite spoil dump

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