植物生态学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 425-430.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0051
杨娟1, 葛剑平2,*(), 刘丽娟2, 丁易3, 谭迎春4
收稿日期:
2006-03-15
接受日期:
2006-07-31
出版日期:
2007-03-15
发布日期:
2007-05-30
通讯作者:
葛剑平
作者简介:
* E-mail: gejp@bnu.edu.cn基金资助:
YANG Juan1, GE Jian-Ping2,*(), LIU Li-Juan2, DING Yi3, TAN Ying-Chun4
Received:
2006-03-15
Accepted:
2006-07-31
Online:
2007-03-15
Published:
2007-05-30
Contact:
GE Jian-Ping
摘要:
卧龙自然保护区五一棚大熊猫野外观测站周围的针阔混交林由于历史原因破坏严重,长期以来自然恢复较差。为调查该区林隙更新的现状及其影响因素,作者采用林隙样线调查方法研究了该区针阔混交林林隙更新规律。结果显示,历史上的自然干扰与人为干扰共同影响着该区林隙更新的格局和特征,林隙天然更新受环境因素制约,更新规律表现为:更新幼苗的种类较形成木的种类丰富,更新乔木幼苗的优势度排序与形成木不同;林隙主要树种的更新受各类环境因子的影响而存在差异,桦木(Betula spp.)更新受地形影响较大,岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)受土壤因素影响显著,杜鹃(Rhododendron spp.)更新则受地形因子和林隙形成木的特征影响显著;更新物种的多样性指数均表现出受土壤因子的影响显著。由此推测,林隙大小并非影响该区林隙更新的关键因素,而土壤因素可能是制约优势树种天然更新和更新物种多样性的重要原因之一。
杨娟, 葛剑平, 刘丽娟, 丁易, 谭迎春. 卧龙自然保护区针阔混交林林隙更新规律. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 425-430. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0051
YANG Juan, GE Jian-Ping, LIU Li-Juan, DING Yi, TAN Ying-Chun. GAP-PHASE REGENERATION RULES OF CONIFER-BROADLEAVED MIXED FOREST IN WOLONG NATURE RESERVE, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(3): 425-430. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0051
林隙干扰特征 Gap disturbance characteristics | 海拔 Elevation | 坡度 Slope angle | 坡向 Aspect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
林隙大小特征 Gap size characteristics | EG | 0.094 | -0.192 | 0.111 |
CG | 0.050 | -0.083 | 0.167 | |
Dcg/H | 0.091 | -0.105 | 0.183 | |
形成木特征 Gap maker characteristics | GMn | -0.152 | 0.231 | 0.304* |
SPn | -0.115 | 0.197 | 0.144 | |
Smax | 0.156 | -0.153 | -0.182 | |
Stol | 0.122 | -0.122 | 0.023 | |
林隙形成方式 Gap forming manners | DM | -0.135 | 0.226 | 0.142 |
KF | 0.297* | -0.168 | 0.046 | |
GB | -0.236 | 0.295* | 0.175 | |
ZG | -0.219 | -0.033 | 0.031 | |
KL | -0.011 | 0.153 | 0.186 |
表1 林隙干扰特征与地形因子的Pearson相关分析
Table 1 Pearson correlations between gap disturbance characteristics and topographic factors
林隙干扰特征 Gap disturbance characteristics | 海拔 Elevation | 坡度 Slope angle | 坡向 Aspect | |
---|---|---|---|---|
林隙大小特征 Gap size characteristics | EG | 0.094 | -0.192 | 0.111 |
CG | 0.050 | -0.083 | 0.167 | |
Dcg/H | 0.091 | -0.105 | 0.183 | |
形成木特征 Gap maker characteristics | GMn | -0.152 | 0.231 | 0.304* |
SPn | -0.115 | 0.197 | 0.144 | |
Smax | 0.156 | -0.153 | -0.182 | |
Stol | 0.122 | -0.122 | 0.023 | |
林隙形成方式 Gap forming manners | DM | -0.135 | 0.226 | 0.142 |
KF | 0.297* | -0.168 | 0.046 | |
GB | -0.236 | 0.295* | 0.175 | |
ZG | -0.219 | -0.033 | 0.031 | |
KL | -0.011 | 0.153 | 0.186 |
图1 林隙更新幼苗及形成木物种相对优势度比较
Fig.1 Relative predominance comparison between regenerative seedlings and gap makers 1. 岷江冷杉 Abies faxoniana 2. 桦木 Betula spp. 3. 铁杉 Tsuga chinensis 4. 杜鹃Rhododendron spp. 5. 麦吊杉Picea brachytyla 6. 西南樱桃Prunus pilosiuscula 7. 槭树Acer spp. 8. 华山松 Pinus armandi
岷江冷杉2) | 铁杉3) | 杜鹃4) | |
---|---|---|---|
桦木1) | 0.258 | -0.089 | -0.124 |
岷江冷杉2) | 0.292* | 0.056 | |
铁杉3) | 0.060 |
表2 林隙更新物种Spearman相关
Table 2 Spearman correlation between gap regenerative species
岷江冷杉2) | 铁杉3) | 杜鹃4) | |
---|---|---|---|
桦木1) | 0.258 | -0.089 | -0.124 |
岷江冷杉2) | 0.292* | 0.056 | |
铁杉3) | 0.060 |
更新物种 Regeneration species | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
桦木1) | -0.048 | -0.011 | -0.275* | 0.010 | -0.048 |
岷江冷杉2) | -0.111 | 0.563** | -0.143 | -0.079 | -0.210 |
铁杉3) | -0.024 | -0.056 | 0.093 | -0.020 | 0.121 |
杜鹃4) | -0.048 | 0.196 | 0.351** | 0.298* | 0.025 |
表4 乔木幼苗更新数量与环境因子主成分Pearson相关
Table 4 Pearson correlations between the abundance of regenerative species and principal components of environmental factors
更新物种 Regeneration species | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
桦木1) | -0.048 | -0.011 | -0.275* | 0.010 | -0.048 |
岷江冷杉2) | -0.111 | 0.563** | -0.143 | -0.079 | -0.210 |
铁杉3) | -0.024 | -0.056 | 0.093 | -0.020 | 0.121 |
杜鹃4) | -0.048 | 0.196 | 0.351** | 0.298* | 0.025 |
多样性指标 Biodiversity indexes | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H' | -0.075 | -0.271* | -0.071 | 0.002 | 0.173 |
MI | -0.101 | -0.055 | -0.077 | 0.089 | 0.329* |
J | 0.115 | -0.401* | -0.054 | -0.265 | -0.028 |
C | 0.004 | 0.328* | -0.076 | 0.054 | -0.112 |
TRS | 0.016 | 0.082 | 0.227 | 0.242 | 0.294* |
R | -0.188 | 0.054 | 0.172 | 0.176 | 0.290* |
表5 乔木幼苗更新多样性与环境因子主成分Pearson相关
Table 5 Pearson correlations between the biodiversity indexes of regenerative species and principal components of environmental factors
多样性指标 Biodiversity indexes | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | PC5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H' | -0.075 | -0.271* | -0.071 | 0.002 | 0.173 |
MI | -0.101 | -0.055 | -0.077 | 0.089 | 0.329* |
J | 0.115 | -0.401* | -0.054 | -0.265 | -0.028 |
C | 0.004 | 0.328* | -0.076 | 0.054 | -0.112 |
TRS | 0.016 | 0.082 | 0.227 | 0.242 | 0.294* |
R | -0.188 | 0.054 | 0.172 | 0.176 | 0.290* |
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