西双版纳热带季节雨林晴天CO2交换的日变化和季节变化特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

应用2003年11月~2004年10月晴好天气涡度相关通量观测资料,对西双版纳热带季节雨林CO₂交换的日变化和季节变化进行分析。结果表明:雾凉季、干热季和雨季的净生态系统CO₂交换(NEE)均呈现出单峰型曲线的日变化趋势,昼间其变化规律较强,夜间呈波动状态。昼间NEE(取绝对值)雾凉季和雨季均显著大于干热季;夜间NEE雨季显著大于干热季,而干热季显著大于雾凉季。光合有效辐射是影响NEE日变化的主要因素,但不是造成季节差异的主要因素;饱和水汽压差和气温对NEE的季节差异有较大贡献。另外,应用Michaelis_Menten模型对昼间不同饱和水汽压差和气温下NEE对光合有效辐射的响应进行分析,结果表明:各季节较高饱和水汽压差下的表观最大光合速率(P_max)、表观暗呼吸速率(R_e)比较低饱和水汽压差下的P_max、R_e大,而表观光量子产额(α)则相反。各季节较高气温下的R_e比较低气温下的R_e大;雾凉季气温的差异对P_max和α的影响较小;干热季和雨季较高气温下的α较小。

关键词: 净生态系统CO₂交换, 涡度相关, 日变化和季节变化, 热带季节雨林, 西双版纳

Abstract:

Tropical forests play an important role in altering the carbon budgets of terrestrial ecosystems. We examined patterns of diurnal and seasonal net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE) in a tropical seasonal rainforest of Xishuangbanna on clear days between November 2003 and October 2004. We found that the diurnal dynamics of NEE showed a single_peaked curve. During daytime throughout the year, NEE increased with solar radiation after sunrise, but fluctuated after sunset. Values of NEE (absolute values) in the foggy_cool and wet seasons were greater than those in the dry_hot season during daytime. During the night, NEE values were dominated by soil temperature and soil water content and were highest in the wet season, followed by those in the dry_hot season and lowest in the foggy_cool season. NEE, water vapor deficit (VPD) and air temperature (T_a) curves all showed pronounced seasonal variation, but photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) did not vary significantly. Maximum photosynthesis rates (P_max) and dark respiration rates (R_e) were greater when VPD≥16 hPa than whenVPD<16 hPa, whereas photon density (α) was the opposite. R_e was also greater when T_a≥25 ℃ than whenT_a<25 ℃ in the three seasons.α was reduced when T_a≥25 ℃ in the dry_hot and wet seasons. TheP_max increased in the dry_hot season and decreased in the wet season when T_a≥25 ℃. Our data suggested thatPAR is the main factor influencing NEE diurnal dynamics, whereas both VPD and T_a play a major role in regulating NEE seasonal dynamics.

Key words: Xishuangbanna tropical seasonal rainforest, Net ecosystem CO₂ exchange, Eddy covariance, Diurnal and seasonal variation

赵双菊, 张一平, 于贵瑞, 宋清海, 孙晓敏. 西双版纳热带季节雨林晴天CO₂交换的日变化和季节变化特征. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(2): 295-301. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0039

ZHAO Shuang_Ju, ZHANG Yi_Ping, YU Gui_Rui, SONG Qing_Hai, SUN Xiao_Min. DIURNAL AND SEASONAL CO<sub>2</sub> EXCHANGE ON CLEAR DAYS IN A TROPICAL SEASONAL RAINFOREST OF XISHUANGBANNA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(2): 295-301. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0039

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0039

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I2/295

图/表 7

图1 林冠上各季节CO2通量(Fc)、林冠内CO2储存量(Fs)及净CO2交换(NEE)的日动态 a. 雾凉季 Fog_cool season b. 干热季 Dry_hot season c. 雨季 Wet season

Fig.1 Diurnal dynamics in the CO2 flux above the canopy (Fc), CO2storage flux (Fs) and the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) in different seasons

图2 各季节涡动相关测量高度(48.8 m)净CO2交换(NEE)、光合有效辐射(PAR)、空气温度(Ta)、饱和水汽压差(VPD)的日变化特征

Fig.2 Diurnal variations of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), air temperature (Ta) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD)

表1 昼间NEE与PAR、VPD、Ta的偏相关分析

Table 1 The partial correlations between NEE and PAR, VPD and Ta

	雾凉季 Fog_cool season			干热季 Dry_hot season			雨季 Wet season
	r	p	n	r	p	n	r	p	n
NEE & PAR	-0.604 0	0.000^***	503	-0.557 4	0.000^***	260	-0.602 0	0.000^***	301
NEE & VPD	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.123 7	0.031^*	301
NEE & T_a	-	-	-	0.152 0	0.014^*	260	0.119 7	0.037^*	301

图3 昼间不同饱和水汽压差下净CO2交换对光合有效辐射的响应 a. 雾凉季 Fog_cool season b. 干热季 Dry_hot season c. 雨季 Wet season VPD: 同图2 See Fig. 2

Fig.3 The relationships between net CO2 exchange (NEE) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) in different vapor pressure deficits during day time

表2 昼间不同饱和水汽压差下NEE对PAR的响应

Table 2 The relationships between NEE)and PAR at different VPD during day time

季节 Season	雾凉季 Fog_cool season		干热季 Dry_hot season		雨季 Wet season
季节 Season	VPD≥16 hPa	VPD<16 hPa	VPD≥16 hPa	VPD<16 hPa	VPD≥16 hPa	VPD<16 hPa
表观最大光合速率Maximum photosynthesis rates (P_max)	24.05	19.66	25.56	12.92	23.04	20.72
表观光量子产额Photon density (α)	0.025 8	0.076 6	0.043 3	0.098 2	0.084 6	0.086 4
表观暗呼吸速率 Dark respiration rates (R_e)	4.27	4.16	9.64	3.70	13.05	4.81
决定系数 Determination coefficient (R²)	0.77^*	0.49^**	0.54^**	0.60^*	0.40^*	0.49^**
个数 Number (n)	50	455	124	145	81	222

图4 昼间不同气温下净CO2交换对光合有效辐射的响应 a. 雾凉季 Fog_cool season b. 干热季 Dry_hot season c. 雨季 Wet season

Fig.4 The relationships between net CO2 exchange (NEE) and photosynth_etically available radiation (PAR)at different air temperatures during day time

表3 昼间不同气温下NEE对PAR的响应

Table 3 The relationships between NEE and PAR at different Ta during day time

季节 Season	雾凉季 Fog_cool season		干热季 Dry_hot season		雨季 Wet season
季节 Season	T_a≥25 ℃	T_a<25 ℃	T_a≥25 ℃	T_a<25 ℃	T_a≥25 ℃	T_a<25 ℃
表观最大光合速率(P_max)	19.74	19.75	23.52	12.15	20.00	24.60
表观光量子产额(α)	0.085 1	0.072 7	0.053 1	0.072 2	0.053 6	0.085 5
表观暗呼吸速率(R_e)	9.66	4.910	9.17	2.32	7.61	4.70
决定系数 Determination coefficient(R²)	0.67^*	0.50^**	0.54^**	0.54^*	0.34^*	0.55^**
个数 Number (n)	30	475	177	89	148	156

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西双版纳热带季节雨林晴天CO₂交换的日变化和季节变化特征

DIURNAL AND SEASONAL CO<sub>2</sub> EXCHANGE ON CLEAR DAYS IN A TROPICAL SEASONAL RAINFOREST OF XISHUANGBANNA

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