三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO2净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

植物生态学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 770-780.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

所属专题：碳水能量通量

三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO₂净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子

吴力博¹^,², 古松³^,¹^,^*(), 赵亮¹, 徐世晓¹, 周华坤¹, 冯超¹^,², 徐维新¹^,², 李英年¹, 赵新全¹, 唐艳鸿⁴

¹中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁 810008
²中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
³南开大学生命科学学院, 天津 300071
⁴日本国立环境研究所, 日本筑波 305-8506

收稿日期:2009-01-15 接受日期:2009-04-23 出版日期:2010-01-15 发布日期:2010-07-01
通讯作者: 古松
作者简介:* E-mail: gusong8397@hotmail.com

Variation in net CO₂ exchange, gross primary production and its affecting factors in the planted pasture ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

WU Li-Bo¹^,², GU Song³^,¹^,^*(), ZHAO Liang¹, XU Shi-Xiao¹, ZHOU Hua-Kun¹, FENG Chao¹^,², Xu Wei-Xin¹^,², LI Ying-Nian¹, ZHAO Xin-Quan¹, TANG Yan-Hong⁴

¹Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
²Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
⁴National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan

Received:2009-01-15 Accepted:2009-04-23 Online:2010-01-15 Published:2010-07-01
Contact: GU Song

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了揭示三江源区垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)人工草地生态系统(100°26′-100°41′ E, 34°17′-34°25′ N, 海拔3 980 m)的净生态系统CO₂交换(NEE), 该研究利用2006年涡度相关系统观测的数据分析了该人工草地的NEE, 总初级生产力(GPP)、生态系统呼吸(R_eco)以及R_eco/GPP的变化特征及其影响因子。CO₂日最大吸收值为6.56 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1, 最大排放值为4.87 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1。GPP年总量为1 761 g CO₂·m^-2, 其中约90%以上被生态系统呼吸所消耗, CO₂的年吸收量为111 g CO₂·m^-2。5月的R_eco/GPP略高于生长季的其他月份, 为90%; 6月R_eco/GPP比值最低, 为79%。生态系统的呼吸商(Q₁₀)为4.81, 显著高于其他生态系统。该研究表明: 生长季的NEE主要受光量子通量密度(PPFD)、温度和饱和水汽压差(VPD)的影响, 生态系统呼吸则主要受土壤温度的控制。

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to understand seasonal and diurnal variations in CO₂ exchange of a grassland ecosystem by clarifying the carbon cycle and its affecting factors for a planted pasture ecosystem in the Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Methods We used the eddy covariance method to measure net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE) and environmental factors in the planted pasture (Elymus nutans) ecosystem in 2006.

Important findings Daily maximum uptake and release of CO₂ were 6.56 and -4.87 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1, respectively. Maximum rates of NEE uptake and release were -0.35 and 0.22 mg CO₂·m^-2·s^-1, respectively. Annual gross primary production (GPP) was 1 761 g CO₂·m^-2·a^-1, of which more than 90% was consumed by ecosystem respiration (R_eco). Annual NEE was -111 g CO₂·m^-2. In the growing season, maximum and minimum R_eco/GPP values were 90% in May and 79% in June, respectively. The Q₁₀ was 4.81, which is higher than in other ecosystems. The NEE was mostly influenced by photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The R_eco was mainly affected by soil temperature at 5 cm depth (T_s).

Key words: eddy covariance, gross primary production (GPP), net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE), planting pasture, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

吴力博, 古松, 赵亮, 徐世晓, 周华坤, 冯超, 徐维新, 李英年, 赵新全, 唐艳鸿. 三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO₂净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(7): 770-780. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

WU Li-Bo, GU Song, ZHAO Liang, XU Shi-Xiao, ZHOU Hua-Kun, FENG Chao, Xu Wei-Xin, LI Ying-Nian, ZHAO Xin-Quan, TANG Yan-Hong. Variation in net CO₂ exchange, gross primary production and its affecting factors in the planted pasture ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(7): 770-780. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I7/770

图/表 8

图1 光量子通量密度(PPFD)、空气温度(Ta)、5 cm的土壤温度(Ts)、饱合水汽压差(VPD)、5 cm的土壤体积含水量(VWS)和日降雨量(PPT)的季节变化。

Fig. 1 Seasonal variation in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), air temperature (Ta), soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts), soil water content at 5 cm depth (VWS), precipitation (PPT), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD).

图2 生长季不同时期晴天的净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)的日变化。

Fig. 2 Diurnal variation of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) on the clear skies for each month in growing season.

图3 2006年人工草地生态系统净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)的季节变化。

Fig. 3 Seasonal variation of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图4 2006年人工草地生态系统各月净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)、总初级生产力(GPP)和生态系统呼吸(Reco)的季节变化。

Fig. 4 Seasonal variation of monthly net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图5 生长季人工草地生态系统净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)和总初级生产力(GPP)对光量子通量密度(PPFD)的响应。

Fig. 5 Relationship between net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) during the growing season in planting pasture ecosystem.

图6 2006年人工草地生态系统呼吸(Reco)与5 cm土壤温度(Ts)的关系。

Fig. 6 Relationship between ecosystem respiration (Reco) and soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图7 2006年5-9月各月生态系统呼吸与总初级生产力比值的变化。 A, 全月。B, 上午和下午。

Fig. 7 Variation of ecosystem respiration (Reco)/gross primary production (GPP) for each month from May to September in 2006. A, Monthly value. B, AM and PM.

图8 2006年生长季各月土壤温度(Ts), 空气温度(Ta)和饱合水汽压差(VPD)的日变化。

Fig. 8 Diurnal variations of soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts), air temperature (Ta) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in growing season in 2006.

参考文献 40

[1]	Chen GM (陈国明) (2005). The status of the degraded pasture and its strategies of management in black beach of the headwater region of the three river. Sichuan Caoyuan (四川草原), (10), 37-44. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Du ZC (杜占池), Yang ZG (杨宗贵) (1989). The reason of midday photosynthetic depression in Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis under sufficient moisture in soil. Acta Phytoecologica et Geobotanica Sinica (植物生态学与地植物学学报), 13, 106-113. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Falge E, Baldocchi D, Tenhunen J, Aubinet M, Bakwin P, Berbigier P, Bernhofer C, Burba G, Clement R, Davis KJ, Elbers JA, Goldstein AH, Grelle A, Granier A, Gudmundsson J, Hollinger D, Kowalski AS, Katul G, Law BE, Malhi Y, Meyers T, Monson RK, Munger JW, Oechel W, Pawu KT, Pilegaard K, Rannik U, Rebmann C, Suyker A, Valentini R, Wilson K, Wofsy S (2002). Seasonality ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113, 53-74.
[4]	Gu S, Tang YH, Du MY, Kato T, Li YN, Cui XY, Zhao XQ (2003). Short-term variation of CO₂ flux in relation to environmental controls in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108(D21), 4670.doi: 10.1029/2003JD003584.
[5]	Gu S, Tang Y, Du M, Cui X, Kato T, Li Y, Zhao X (2005). Effects of temperature on CO₂ exchange between the atmosphere and an alpine meadow. Phyton, 45, 361-370.
[6]	Kato T, Tang YH, Gu S, Cui XY, Hirota M, Du MY, Li YN, Zhao XQ, Oikawa T (2004a). Carbon dioxide exchange between the atmosphere and an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 124, 121-134.
[7]	Kato T, Tang Y, Gu S, Cui X, Hirota M, Li Y, Zhao X, Oikawa T (2004b). Seasonal patterns of gross primary production and ecosystem respiration in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D12109, doi: 10.1209/2003JD003591.
[8]	Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Wang QX (王勤学), Gu S (古松), Du MY (杜明远), Kato T (加藤知道), Wang QL (王启兰), Zhao L (赵亮) (2003). The comparison of community biomass and environmental condition of five vegetational types in alpine meadow of Haibei, Qinghai Province. Journal of Mountain Science (山地学报), 21, 257-264. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Cao GM (曹广民), Zhao L (赵亮), Wang QX (王勤学) (2004a). Analyses on climates and vegetation productivity background at Haibei alpine meadow ecosystem research station. Plateau Meteorology (高原气象), 23, 558-567. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Li YN (李英年), Wang QX (王勤学), Gu S (古松), Fu YL (伏玉玲), Du MY (杜明远), Zhao L (赵亮), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Yu GR (于贵瑞) (2004b). Integrated monitoring of alpine vegetation types and its primary production. Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报), 59, 40-48. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Zhou HK (周华坤), Wang SP (汪诗平) (2007). The dynamic features of ecosystem environment and plant productivity in the source regions of the Changjiang River and Yellow River. Journal of Mountain Science (山地学报), 26, 678-683. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	Lin D (林栋), Lü SH (吕世海), Feng CY (冯朝阳), Ma HL (马晖玲), Liu LC (刘立成), Zhao XQ (赵小强) (2008). Grass-shrub vegetation response to change of CO₂ concentration and temperature in the mountains of north China. Pratacultural Science (草业科学), 25, 135-140. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Liu GH (刘国华), Fu BJ (傅伯杰), Chen LD (陈利顶), Guo XD (郭旭东) (2000). Characteristics and distributions of degraded ecological types in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 20, 13-19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	Lloyd J, Taylor JA (1994). On the temperature dependence of soil respiration. Functional Ecology, 8, 315-323.
[15]	Lu Q (卢琦), Zhou SW (周士威) (1997). Global progress of combating desertification and its future development. World Forestry Research (世界林业研究), 3, 35-44. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Ma YS (马玉寿), Lang BN (郎百宁), Li QY (李青云), Shi JJ (施建军), Dong QM (董全民) (2002). Study on rehabilitating and rebuilding technologies for degenerated alpine meadow in the Changjiang and Yellow River source region. Pratacultural Science (草业科学), 19, 1-4. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	Ni J (2001). Carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystem of China: estimates at different spatial resolutions and their responses to climate change. Climatic Change, 49, 339-358.
[18]	Niu SL (牛书丽), Jiang GM (蒋高明) (2004). Function of artificial grassland in restoration of degraded natural grassland and its research advance. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 15, 1662-1666. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Piao SL (朴世龙), Fang JY (方精云), He JS (贺金生), Xiao Y (肖玉) (2004). Spatial distribution of grassland biomass in China. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 28, 491-498. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	Scurlock JMO, Hall DO (1998). The globe carbon sink: a grassland perspective. Globe Change Biology, 4, 229-233.
[21]	Shang ZH (尚占环), Long RJ (龙瑞军), Ma YS (马玉寿) (2006). Discussion on restoration and rebuilding of “Blackion Soil Patch” degraded meadow in the headwater area of Yangtze and Yellow rivers. Chinese Journal of Grassland (中国草地学报), 28, 69-74. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	Shi PL (石培礼), Sun XM (孙晓敏), Xu LL (徐玲玲), Zhang XZ (张宪洲), He YT (何永涛), Zhang DQ (张东秋), Yu GR (于贵瑞) (2006). Experimental study on net ecosystem CO₂ exchange in the alpine grassland ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau. Science in China (Series D) (中国科学(D辑)), 36(Suppl.I), 194-203. (in Chinese)
[23]	Shi SB (师生波), Han F (韩发), Ben GY (贲桂英) (1997). Midday depression in net photosynthesis of plant community in alpine Kobresia humilis meadow. Acta Phytophysiologica Sinica (植物生理学报), 23, 405-409. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	Shi SB (师生波), Han F (韩发), Li HY (李红彦) (2001). Midday depression of photosynthesis of Gentiana straminea and Saus-surea superba in Alpine Kobresia humilis Meadow. Acta Phytophysiologica Sinica (植物生理学报), 27, 123-128. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]	Sun HL (孙鸿烈) (1996). Recent advance in studies on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Advance in Earth Sciences (地球科学进展), 11, 536-542. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[26]	Suyker AE, Verma SB (2001). Year-round observations of the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide in a native tallgrass prairie. Global Change Biology, 7, 279-289.
[27]	Whittaker RH, Niering WA (1975). Vegetation of the Santa Catalina mountains, Arizona. V. biomass, production, and diversity along the elevation gradient. Ecology, 56, 771-790.
[28]	Xu LH (徐丽华), Chen HL (陈怀录), Xu JH (徐建华) (2004). Spatio-temporal feature of grassland degradation in Min Xian based on RS & GIS method. Ecologic Science (生态科学), 28, 128-133.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]	Xu SX (徐世晓), Zhao L (赵亮), Li YN (李英年), Gu S (古松), Zhao XQ (赵新全) (2007a). Effect of precipitation on cold season CO₂ flux of alpine shrub on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 21, 93-195. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[30]	Xu SX (徐世晓), Zhao L (赵亮), Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Gu S (古松) (2007b). The correlation between CO₂ flux and temperature of the alpine shrub meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology (冰川冻土), 29, 717-721. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]	Yao RF (姚润丰) (2003). 90% Grassland in China are deteriorating in different level. Pratacultural Science (草业科学), 20(12), 83. (in Chinese)
[32]	Yu GR (于贵瑞) (2003). Global Change, Carbon Cycle and Storage in Terrestrial Ecosystem (全球变化与陆地生态系统碳循环和碳蓄积). Meteorological Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[33]	Zhang FW (张法伟), Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Gu S (古松), Wang QX (王勤学), Du MY (杜明远), Tang YH (唐艳鸿) (2008). Effects of one precipitation process on CO₂ flux and thermal transportation in alpine meadow of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 27, 1685-1691. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]	Zhao L (赵亮), Li YN (李英年), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Xu SX (徐世晓), Tang YH (唐艳鸿), Yu GR (于贵瑞), Gu S (古松), Du MY (杜明远), Wang QX (王勤学) (2005). Comparative study of the net exchange of CO₂ in 3 types of vegetation ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Chinese Science Bulletin (科学通报), 50, 926-932. (in Chinese)
[35]	Zhao L, Li YN, Xu SX, Zhou HK, Gu S, Yu GR, Zhao XQ (2006). Diurnal, seasonal and annual variation in net ecosystem CO₂ exchange of an alpine shrubland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Global Change Biology, 12, 1940-1953.
[36]	Zhao L (赵亮), Gu S (古松), Zhou HK (周华坤), Xu SX (徐世晓), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Li YN (李英年) (2008). CO₂ fluxes of artificial grassland in the source region of the three rivers on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version) (植物生态学报), 32, 544-554. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[37]	Zhou HK (周华坤), Zhao XQ (赵新全), Zhao L (赵亮), Han F (韩发), Gu S (古松) (2007). The community characteristics and stability of the Elymus nutans artificial grassland in alpine meadow. Chinese Journal of Grassland (中国草地学报), 29(2), 13-29. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[38]	Zhou GS (周广胜), Wang YH (王玉辉) (2003). Global Ecology (全球生态学). Meteorological Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[39]	Zhou XM (周兴民) (2001). The Kobresia Meadow of China (中国嵩草草甸). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[40]	Zhu ZL (朱治林), Sun XM (孙晓敏), Wen XF (温学发), Zhou YL (周艳莲), Tian J (田静), Yuan GF (袁国富) (2006). Research on the method of dealing eddy covariance data in night in China FLUX. Science in China (Series D) (中国科学(D辑)), 36(Suppl.I), 33-44. (in Chinese)

三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO₂净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子

Variation in net CO₂ exchange, gross primary production and its affecting factors in the planted pasture ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

全文

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 40

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	杨宇萌来全刘心怡. 气候变化和人类活动对内蒙古植被总初级生产力的定量影响分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(预发表): 0-0.
[2]	赵艳超, 陈立同. 土壤养分对青藏高原高寒草地生物量响应增温的调节作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(8): 1071-1081.
[3]	师生波, 周党卫, 李天才, 德科加, 杲秀珍, 马家麟, 孙涛, 王方琳. 青藏高原高山嵩草光合功能对模拟夜间低温的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(3): 361-373.
[4]	师生波, 师瑞, 周党卫, 张雯. 低温对高山嵩草叶片光化学和非光化学能量耗散特征的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(10): 1441-1452.
[5]	林马震, 黄勇, 李洋, 孙建. 高寒草地植物生存策略地理分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(1): 41-50.
[6]	朱玉英, 张华敏, 丁明军, 余紫萍. 青藏高原植被绿度变化及其对干湿变化的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(1): 51-64.
[7]	魏瑶, 马志远, 周佳颖, 张振华. 模拟增温改变青藏高原植物繁殖物候及植株高度[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(9): 995-1004.
[8]	冯印成, 王云琦, 王玉杰, 王凯, 王松年, 王杰帅. 重庆缙云山针阔混交林水汽通量特征及其影响因子[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(8): 890-903.
[9]	刘沛荣, 同小娟, 孟平, 张劲松, 张静茹, 于裴洋, 周宇. 散射辐射对中国东部典型人工林总初级生产力的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(8): 904-918.
[10]	金伊丽, 王皓言, 魏临风, 侯颖, 胡景, 吴铠, 夏昊钧, 夏洁, 周伯睿, 李凯, 倪健. 青藏高原植物群落样方数据集[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(7): 846-854.
[11]	卢晶, 马宗祺, 高鹏斐, 樊宝丽, 孙坤. 祁连山区演替先锋物种西藏沙棘的种群结构及动态对海拔梯度的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(5): 569-579.
[12]	胡潇飞, 魏临风, 程琦, 吴星麒, 倪健. 青藏高原地区气候图解数据集[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(4): 484-492.
[13]	吴赞, 彭云峰, 杨贵彪, 李秦鲁, 刘洋, 马黎华, 杨元合, 蒋先军. 青藏高原高寒草地退化对土壤及微生物化学计量特征的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(4): 461-472.
[14]	黄樱, 陈挚, 石喆, 熊博文, 鄢春华, 邱国玉. 蒸散发广义互补原理中关键参数α_e的时空变化特征及计算方法分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(3): 300-310.
[15]	原媛, 母艳梅, 邓钰洁, 李鑫豪, 姜晓燕, 高圣杰, 查天山, 贾昕. 植被覆盖度和物候变化对典型黑沙蒿灌丛生态系统总初级生产力的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(2): 162-175.