三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO2净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了揭示三江源区垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)人工草地生态系统(100°26′-100°41′ E, 34°17′-34°25′ N, 海拔3 980 m)的净生态系统CO₂交换(NEE), 该研究利用2006年涡度相关系统观测的数据分析了该人工草地的NEE, 总初级生产力(GPP)、生态系统呼吸(R_eco)以及R_eco/GPP的变化特征及其影响因子。CO₂日最大吸收值为6.56 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1, 最大排放值为4.87 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1。GPP年总量为1 761 g CO₂·m^-2, 其中约90%以上被生态系统呼吸所消耗, CO₂的年吸收量为111 g CO₂·m^-2。5月的R_eco/GPP略高于生长季的其他月份, 为90%; 6月R_eco/GPP比值最低, 为79%。生态系统的呼吸商(Q₁₀)为4.81, 显著高于其他生态系统。该研究表明: 生长季的NEE主要受光量子通量密度(PPFD)、温度和饱和水汽压差(VPD)的影响, 生态系统呼吸则主要受土壤温度的控制。

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to understand seasonal and diurnal variations in CO₂ exchange of a grassland ecosystem by clarifying the carbon cycle and its affecting factors for a planted pasture ecosystem in the Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Methods We used the eddy covariance method to measure net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE) and environmental factors in the planted pasture (Elymus nutans) ecosystem in 2006.

Important findings Daily maximum uptake and release of CO₂ were 6.56 and -4.87 g CO₂·m^-2·d^-1, respectively. Maximum rates of NEE uptake and release were -0.35 and 0.22 mg CO₂·m^-2·s^-1, respectively. Annual gross primary production (GPP) was 1 761 g CO₂·m^-2·a^-1, of which more than 90% was consumed by ecosystem respiration (R_eco). Annual NEE was -111 g CO₂·m^-2. In the growing season, maximum and minimum R_eco/GPP values were 90% in May and 79% in June, respectively. The Q₁₀ was 4.81, which is higher than in other ecosystems. The NEE was mostly influenced by photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The R_eco was mainly affected by soil temperature at 5 cm depth (T_s).

Key words: eddy covariance, gross primary production (GPP), net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE), planting pasture, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

吴力博, 古松, 赵亮, 徐世晓, 周华坤, 冯超, 徐维新, 李英年, 赵新全, 唐艳鸿. 三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO₂净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(7): 770-780. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

WU Li-Bo, GU Song, ZHAO Liang, XU Shi-Xiao, ZHOU Hua-Kun, FENG Chao, Xu Wei-Xin, LI Ying-Nian, ZHAO Xin-Quan, TANG Yan-Hong. Variation in net CO₂ exchange, gross primary production and its affecting factors in the planted pasture ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(7): 770-780. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.07.002

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I7/770

图/表 8

图1 光量子通量密度(PPFD)、空气温度(Ta)、5 cm的土壤温度(Ts)、饱合水汽压差(VPD)、5 cm的土壤体积含水量(VWS)和日降雨量(PPT)的季节变化。

Fig. 1 Seasonal variation in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), air temperature (Ta), soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts), soil water content at 5 cm depth (VWS), precipitation (PPT), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD).

图2 生长季不同时期晴天的净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)的日变化。

Fig. 2 Diurnal variation of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) on the clear skies for each month in growing season.

图3 2006年人工草地生态系统净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)的季节变化。

Fig. 3 Seasonal variation of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图4 2006年人工草地生态系统各月净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)、总初级生产力(GPP)和生态系统呼吸(Reco)的季节变化。

Fig. 4 Seasonal variation of monthly net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图5 生长季人工草地生态系统净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)和总初级生产力(GPP)对光量子通量密度(PPFD)的响应。

Fig. 5 Relationship between net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) during the growing season in planting pasture ecosystem.

图6 2006年人工草地生态系统呼吸(Reco)与5 cm土壤温度(Ts)的关系。

Fig. 6 Relationship between ecosystem respiration (Reco) and soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts) in planting pasture ecosystem in 2006.

图7 2006年5-9月各月生态系统呼吸与总初级生产力比值的变化。 A, 全月。B, 上午和下午。

Fig. 7 Variation of ecosystem respiration (Reco)/gross primary production (GPP) for each month from May to September in 2006. A, Monthly value. B, AM and PM.

图8 2006年生长季各月土壤温度(Ts), 空气温度(Ta)和饱合水汽压差(VPD)的日变化。

Fig. 8 Diurnal variations of soil temperature at 5 cm depth (Ts), air temperature (Ta) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in growing season in 2006.

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三江源地区人工草地的生态系统CO₂净交换、总初级生产力及其影响因子

Variation in net CO₂ exchange, gross primary production and its affecting factors in the planted pasture ecosystem in Sanjiangyuan Region of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

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