氮和磷浓度对中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻种间竞争的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00697

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用室内单养和混养方法, 设置不同的氮、磷营养条件, 研究了氮、磷对中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)种间竞争的影响。结果表明: 混养时各氮和磷浓度下均呈现培养初期中肋骨条藻为优势种、培养后期锥状斯氏藻为优势种的变化趋势, 但随着氮、磷浓度的升高, 中肋骨条藻作为优势种的时间延长; 与单养时相比, 混养中两种微藻的最大密度受到不同程度的抑制, 表现出氮、磷浓度越高, 受抑制的程度越大的特征, 且与锥状斯氏藻相比, 中肋骨条藻的最大密度受到抑制的程度更大。混养时两种微藻均是在氮、磷浓度最高时, 抑制起始点出现时间最长, 随着氮、磷浓度的降低, 抑制起始点出现时间缩短; 各氮、磷浓度条件下, 锥状斯氏藻对中肋骨条藻的竞争抑制参数明显高于中肋骨条藻对锥状斯氏藻的竞争抑制参数, 当氮浓度为512 μmol·L^-1、磷浓度为2 μmol·L ^-1时, 竞争结果是锥状斯氏藻获胜; 其余氮、磷浓度条件下为两种微藻不稳定共存。

关键词: 种间竞争, 氮, 磷, 锥状斯氏藻, 中肋骨条藻

Abstract:

Aims Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea are two algal species that can cause red tides together. Interspecific competition is thought to be a factor in development of algal blooms. Our objective is to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on interspecific competition between Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea.

Methods The experiments were carried out in mono-culture and co-culture. The nitrogen (nitrate) and phosphorus (phosphate) concentrations were 32, 32; 128, 32; 512, 32; 512, 8; 512, 2 μmol·L^-1, respectively.

Important findings With increased concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus, the time of Skeletonema costatum as the dominant species was prolonged. Compared with mono-culture, the maximum densities of two species were inhibited in co-culture, and the degree of inhibition increased with higher concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus. The maximum density of Skeletonema costatum was more inhibited than that of Scrippsiella trochoidea. When the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus was highest, the inhibitory starting point (t_p) of the two species was highest, and with the decline of nutrients, the t_p also decreased. Under various nutritional conditions, competitive inhibition parameters of Scrippsiella trochoidea to Skeletonema costatum (β) were higher than α. Scrippsiella trochoidea out-competed Skeletonema costatum when nitrogen was 512 μmol·L^-1 and phosphorus was 2 μmol·L ^-1. In other nutritional conditions, competition resulted in unstable coexistence of the species.

Key words: interspecific competition, nitrogen, phosphorus, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Skeletonema costatum

葛蔚, 汪芳, 柴超. 氮和磷浓度对中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻种间竞争的影响. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(7): 697-704. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00697

GE Wei, WANG Fang, CHAI Chao. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration on interspecific competition between Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(7): 697-704. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00697

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00697

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I7/697

图/表 6

图1 不同N、P浓度(单位: μmol·L-1)下中肋骨条藻(A)和锥状斯氏藻(B)单养时的生长曲线(平均值±标准偏差)。

Fig. 1 Growth curve of Skeletonema costatum (A) and Scrippsiella trochoidea (B) grown in mono-culture under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (unit: μmol·L-1) (mean ± SD).

表1 不同N、P浓度下中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻单养的Logistic模型拟合参数

Table 1 Parameters of Logistic equation of Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea grown in mono-culture under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations

微藻名称 Microalgae species	参数 Parameter	N、P浓度 Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration (μmol·L^-1)
微藻名称 Microalgae species	参数 Parameter	N: 32, P: 32	N: 128, P: 32	N: 512, P: 32	N: 512, P: 8	N: 512, P: 2
中肋骨条藻 Skeletonema costatum	K (×10⁴ cells·mL^-1)	26.1	40.0	42.2	17.6	6.3
	a	5.18	4.24	6.46	4.89	3.11
	r (d^-1)	1.407	0.857	1.806	1.583	1.391
	R²	0.946	0.885	0.858	0.997	1.000
	t_p (d)	3.2	4.1	3.2	2.6	1.7
锥状斯氏藻 Scrippsiella trochoidea	K (×10⁴ cells·mL^-1)	4.2	8.0	12.8	6.2	3.4
	a	2.59	1.64	2.81	2.58	0.90
	r (d^-1)	0.563	0.317	0.536	0.930	0.346
	R²	0.965	0.807	0.919	0.926	0.889
	t_p (d)	1.9	3.0	3.9	2.0	0.6

图2 不同N、P浓度下中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻混养时的生长曲线(平均值±标准偏差) (N、P浓度单位为μmol·L-1)

Fig. 2 Growth curve of Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea in co-culture under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (N, P concentration unit: μmol·L-1) (mean ± SD).

图3 不同N、P浓度下单养和混养时中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻微藻的最大密度(平均值±标准偏差) (N、P浓度单位为μmol·L-1)。SC, 中肋骨条藻; ST, 锥状斯氏藻。

Fig. 3 Maximum density of Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea in mono-culture and co-culture under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (N, P concentration unit: μmol·L-1) (mean ± SD). SC, Skeletonema costatum; ST, Scrippsiella trochoidea.

表2 不同N、P浓度下两种微藻混养的Logistic模型拟合参数

Table 2 Parameters of Logistic equation of two microalgae in co-culture under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations

微藻名称 Microalgae species	参数 Parameter	N、P浓度 Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration (μmol·L^-1)
微藻名称 Microalgae species	参数 Parameter	N: 32, P: 32	N: 128, P: 32	N: 512, P: 32	N: 512, P: 8	N: 512, P: 2
中肋骨条藻 Skeletonema costatum	K (×10⁴ cells·mL^-1)	5.3	5.9	8.5	5.0	3.9
	a	3.79	2.33	3.26	2.30	1.86
	r (d^-1)	1.280	0.514	0.786	0.654	0.510
	R²	0.923	0.898	0.958	0.890	1.000
	t_p(d)	2.4	3.2	3.3	2.5	2.3
锥状斯氏藻 Scrippsiella trochoidea	K (×10⁴ cells·mL^-1)	2.7	3.2	4.3	3.5	2.3
	a	1.49	1.76	2.08	2.06	1.39
	r (d^-1)	0.566	0.475	0.430	0.864	0.851
	R²	0.949	0.925	0.959	0.925	0.915
	t_p (d)	1.4	2.2	3.2	1.6	0.8

表3 不同N、P浓度下中肋骨条藻和锥状斯氏藻的竞争抑制参数和竞争结果

Table 3 Competitive inhibition parameters and results of Skeletonema costatum and Scrippsiella trochoidea under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations

竞争抑制参数 Competitive inhibition parameter	N、P浓度 Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration (μmol·L^-1)
竞争抑制参数 Competitive inhibition parameter	N: 32, P: 32	N: 128, P: 32	N: 512, P: 32	N: 512, P: 8	N: 512, P: 2
α	1.91	1.87	1.96	2.17	0.16
β	13.09	13.41	9.43	13.53	6.13
	K_sc > K_st/α	K_sc > K_st/α	K_sc > K_st/α	K_sc > K_st/α	K_sc < K_st/α
	K_st > K_sc/β	K_st > K_sc/β	K_st > K_sc/β	K_st > K_sc/β	K_st > K_sc/β

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