两种杨树对高硼胁迫的生理响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0040

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 407-415.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0040

两种杨树对高硼胁迫的生理响应

吴秀丽¹, 欧庸彬¹, 原改换¹, 陈永富¹, 王阳¹, 姚银安^1,^2,^*()

¹西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院, 四川绵阳 621000
²中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2014-10-27 接受日期:2015-03-17 出版日期:2015-04-01 发布日期:2015-04-21
通讯作者: 姚银安
作者简介:
*作者简介:E-mail:chengliu6542@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然基金(31270660)、四川省青年科技基金(2014JQ0016)、西南科技大学杰出青年基金(13zx9105)和西南科技大学博士启动资金(13zx7158)

Physiological responses of two poplar species to high boron stress

WU Xiu-Li¹, OU Yong-Bin¹, YUAN Gai-Huan¹, CHEN Yong-Fu¹, WANG Yang¹, YAO Yin-An^1,^2,^*()

¹Life Science and Engineering College, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
²Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China

Received:2014-10-27 Accepted:2015-03-17 Online:2015-04-01 Published:2015-04-21
Contact: Yin-An YAO
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来国外学者发现杨树(Populus spp.)对硼表现出很强的富集能力和极强的耐受能力, 但其耐硼胁迫的生理机制和种间差异仍不清楚。该研究通过两年的硼梯度控制试验, 探讨了硼胁迫对欧洲黑杨杂交种俄罗斯杨(Populus russkii)和银白杨变种新疆杨(P. bolleca)的生长和生理指标的影响。结果表明, 新疆杨的耐高硼能力高于俄罗斯杨, 其高硼伤害阈值(EC10)为35 mg·kg^-1, 俄罗斯杨为19 mg·kg^-1。两种杨树的过氧化氢酶(CAT)和愈创木酚过氧化物酶(Gu-POD)活性随硼浓度升高而升高, 超过EC10后显著下降。尽管两种杨树的叶绿素含量和光化学效率在硼胁迫下降低, 但抗硼胁迫能力较强的新疆杨仍然保持了较高的叶绿素a/b值和热耗散能力(非光化学淬灭升高), 因此有效地保护了该树种的光合能力。两种杨树的可溶性糖含量随硼胁迫加重而适应性升高, 以维持其抗渗透能力, 但其叶片可溶性蛋白含量仅在中低强度的硼胁迫条件下有所升高。该研究明确了两个富集硼的杨树种对高硼胁迫的生理响应及其种间差异。

关键词: 杨树, 硼胁迫, 生理生化指标

Abstract: Aims

In recent years, international studies have found that poplar species could accumulate high boron with hypertolerance ability. Our objective was to investigate the effect of growth and physiological indicators of Populus russkii and P. bolleca under different boron concentrations, and determine the interspecific difference on boron tolerance, to help explaining and providing certain theoretical basis of phytoremediation technology for boron pollution treatment.

Methods

Poplar cuttings were grown in potting soil and added boron after three months. Physiological properties tested included plant height, fresh biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content, activities of catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (Gu-POD), soluble protein (SP) content and soluble carbohydrate (SC) content.

Important findings

Boron stress seriously inhibited the growth and affected the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the two poplar species. Populus russkii was more sensitive than P. bolleca to boron stress, and P. bolleca could stand higher boron level than P. russkii. The boron damage threshold (10%) of P. russkii and P. bolleca were 19 and 35 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The plant height, fresh mass and chlorophyll decreased linearly with the increase of soil boron concentrations. For antioxidant parameters analysis, the activities of CAT and Gu-POD increased at first, and then decreased with increasing concentration of applied boron. Populus bolleca kept higher chlorophyll a/b and non-photochemical quenching than P. russkii under boron stress. Soluble protein and soluble carbohydrate increased with the increasing concentration of applied boron. These results demonstrated that the two poplar species eased the boron toxicity by strengthen the metabolism of protein synthesis but the capacity of clearing up the harmful peroxide was limited, and the CAT and Gu-POD activities were inhibited under high boron concentrations.

Key words: poplar, boron stress, physiological and biochemical parameter

吴秀丽, 欧庸彬, 原改换, 陈永富, 王阳, 姚银安. 两种杨树对高硼胁迫的生理响应. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(4): 407-415. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0040

WU Xiu-Li,OU Yong-Bin,YUAN Gai-Huan,CHEN Yong-Fu,WANG Yang,YAO Yin-An. Physiological responses of two poplar species to high boron stress. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(4): 407-415. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0040

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0040

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I4/407

图/表 7

表1 不同浓度硼处理对两种杨树株高、地上部鲜质量和地下部鲜质量的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)

Table 1 Effect of different concentrations of boron on plant height and fresh mass of two poplar species (mean ± SE, n = 5)

杨树种 Poplar species	浓度 Concentration (mg·kg^-1)	株高 Plant height (cm)	地上部鲜质量 Aboveground fresh mass (g)	地下部鲜质量 Underground fresh mass (g)	EC10 (mg·kg^-1)
俄罗斯杨 Populus russkii	CK	97.5 ± 4.9^a	143.5 ± 5.9^a	95.3 ± 4.2^a	19.5
俄罗斯杨 Populus russkii	10	94.5 ± 3.3^ab	131.8 ± 5.9^b	91.2 ± 4.3^ab
	20	93.5 ± 2.6^ab	129.4 ± 7.0^bc	87.3 ± 3.4^b
	30	90.8 ± 3.8^bc	127.1 ± 5.3^bc	80.3 ± 0.9^c
	40	85.5 ± 3.8^cd	119.8 ± 1.9^cd	68.1 ± 5.2^d
	50	80.0 ± 3.7^d	112.4 ± 4.5^d	60.5 ± 3.0^e
新疆杨 Populus bolleca	CK	108.3 ± 0.9^a	125.9 ± 7.4^b	158.5 ± 3.9^a	35.4
新疆杨 Populus bolleca	10	109.3 ± 3.2^a	138.8 ± 3.4^a	156.4 ± 6.6^a
	20	105.3 ± 2.5^a	117.2 ± 4.5^c	141.3 ± 3.5^b
	30	98.0 ± 2.9^b	116.0 ± 3.8^c	137.3 ± 4.3^b
	40	92.0 ± 5.2^c	114.9 ± 4.2^c	135.8 ± 4.3^b
	50	88.5 ± 2.6^c	101.1 ± 4.0^d	115.8 ± 4.5^c

表2 各指标交互效应的F值方差分析(杨树种、硼处理、杨树种×硼处理互作效应)

Table 2 Statistical significance of the F values (ANOVA) for the effects of poplar species, boron treatments and poplar species × boron treatments

指标 Indicator	杨树种 Poplar species	硼处理 Boron treatment	杨树种×硼处理 Poplar species × boron treatment
株高 Height	97.887^***	37.568^***	1.600^NS
地上部鲜质量 Aboveground fresh mass	24.684^***	27.477^***	4.255^**
地下部鲜质量 Underground fresh mass	1839.731^***	69.783^***	2.740^*
叶绿素a Chl a	16.434^***	160.187^***	14.542^***
叶绿素b Chl b	48.117^***	99.303^***	14.330^***
总叶绿素 Chl a+b	2.566^NS	196.331^***	19.477^***
叶绿素a/b Chl a/b	171.615^***	8.297^***	2.817^*
过氧化氢酶 CAT	3.360^NS	63.215^***	15.106^***
过氧化物酶 Gu-POD	1.382^NS	94.742^***	4.206^**
可溶性蛋白 SP	3.751^NS	51.696^***	1.952^NS
可溶性糖 SC	518.683^***	41.706^***	0.802^NS

图1 硼胁迫对俄罗斯杨和新疆杨最小荧光(Fo)、暗适应后最大荧光(Fm)、暗适应后PSII的最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)、非调节性能量耗散的量子产量(Y(NO))的影响。

Fig. 1 Effect of different concentrations of boron on minimal chlorophyll fluorescence (Fo) , maximal chlorophyll fluorescence (Fm) , maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) in Populus russkii and P. bolleca.

图2 不同浓度硼处理下俄罗斯杨(Pr)和新疆杨(Pb)叶绿素荧光的快速光响应曲线。PAR, 光合有效辐射; ETR, 电子传递速率; Y(II), PSII光化学能量转化的有效量子产量; NPQ, 非光化学猝灭系数; qP,光化学猝灭系数。

Fig. 2 Rapid-light-curve of Populus russkii (Pr) and P. bolleca (Pb) under different concentrations of boron. PAR, photosynthetic active radiation; ETR, photosynthetic electron transport rate; Y(II), effective quantum yield of photochemical energy; NPQ, no-photochemical quenching; qP, photochemical quenching.

图3 不同浓度硼处理对俄罗斯杨和新疆杨叶片绿素含量的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05) (Duncan多重比较), 正体表示俄罗斯杨, 斜体表示新疆杨。

Fig. 3 Effect of different boron concentration on chlorophyll (Chl) contents in Populus russkii and P. bolleca (mean ± SE, n = 5). Different lower-case letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) (Duncan’s multiple range test), standardized form represents P. russkii, inclined form represents P. bolleca.

图4 不同浓度硼处理对俄罗斯杨和新疆杨叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)和愈创木酚过氧化物酶(Gu-POD)活性的影响量(平均值±标准误差, n = 3)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05) (Duncan多重比较), 正体表示俄罗斯杨, 斜体表示新疆杨。

Fig. 4 Effect of different boron concentration on CAT and Gu-POD activity in leaves of Populus russkii and P. bolleca (mean ± SE, n = 3). Different lower-case letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) (Duncan’s multiple range test), standardized form represents P. russkii, inclined form represents P. bolleca.

图5 不同浓度硼处理对俄罗斯杨和新疆杨叶片可溶性蛋白(SP)和可溶性糖(SC)含量的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 3)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05) (Duncan多重比较), 正体表示俄罗斯杨, 斜体表示新疆杨。

Fig. 5 Effect of different boron concentration on contents of soluble protein (SP) and soluble carbohydrate (SC) in Populus russkii and P. bolleca (mean ± SE, n = 3). Different lower-case letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) (Duncan’s multiple range test), standardized form represents P. russkii, inclined form represents P. bolleca.

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两种杨树对高硼胁迫的生理响应

Physiological responses of two poplar species to high boron stress

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