地表臭氧浓度升高与干旱交互作用对杨树非结构性碳水化合物积累和叶根分配的短期影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 296-304.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

所属专题：全球变化与生态系统

地表臭氧浓度升高与干旱交互作用对杨树非结构性碳水化合物积累和叶根分配的短期影响

周慧敏^1,²,李品^2,³,冯兆忠^3,^4,^*(),张殷波^5,^*()

1 山西大学黄土高原研究所, 太原 030006
2 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
3 中国科学院大学资源环境学院, 北京 101408
4 南京信息工程大学生态研究院, 南京 210044
5 山西大学环境与资源学院, 太原 030006

收稿日期:2019-02-11 修回日期:2019-04-17 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-08-29
通讯作者: 冯兆忠,张殷波
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31870458);国家自然科学基金(41771034)

Short-term effects of combined elevated ozone and limited irrigation on accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves and roots of poplar sapling

ZHOU Hui-Min^1,²,LI Pin^2,³,FENG Zhao-Zhong^3,^4,^*(),ZHANG Yin-Bo^5,^*()

1 Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
3 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
4 Institute of Ecology, Nanjing University of Information Sciences & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
5 College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China

Received:2019-02-11 Revised:2019-04-17 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-08-29
Contact: FENG Zhao-Zhong,ZHANG Yin-Bo
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870458);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771034)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人类活动加剧和全球变化导致植物在生长季同时受到高浓度地表臭氧(O₃)和干旱的双重胁迫。为了探究两者对植物非结构性碳水化合物(TNC)积累和分配的影响, 该实验采用开顶式气室研究了2种O₃浓度(CF, 过滤空气; NF40, NF (未过滤空气) + 40 nmol·mol ^-1 O₃)和2个水分处理(对照, 充分灌溉; 干旱, 非充分灌溉)及其交互作用对杨树基因型‘546’ (Populus deltoides cv. ‘55/56’ × P. deltoides cv. ‘Imperial’)叶片和细根中TNC及其组分(葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、多糖、总可溶性糖和淀粉)含量的影响。结果表明: O₃浓度升高显著降低杨树叶片中淀粉和TNC的含量, 增加葡萄糖、果糖和总可溶性糖含量, 但对细根中淀粉和总可溶性糖含量的影响不显著。干旱胁迫显著增加细根中果糖和多糖含量, 降低蔗糖含量, 但对叶片中淀粉和总可溶性糖含量的影响不显著。充分灌溉下O₃浓度升高显著增加了杨树叶片多糖和总可溶性糖含量, 而干旱下O₃浓度升高显著增加了TNC含量的根叶比。该研究结果发现O₃主要影响叶片中TNC及各组分的含量, 而干旱主要影响细根中TNC及各组分的含量。从杨树叶片TNC的响应来看, 适度的水分限制有助于减缓O₃的负面伤害。

关键词: 臭氧, 干旱, 非结构性碳水化合物, 杨树, 细根, 叶片

Abstract:

AimsIntensified human activities has resulted in more extreme droughts and high ground-level ozone (O₃) concentration during plant growing seasons. To clarify the combined effects of elevated O₃ (E-O₃) and drought on plants, we investigated the effects of elevated O₃, drought and their interaction on the accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) in leaves and fine roots of poplar.
MethodsThe O₃-sensitive poplar ‘546’ (Populus deltoides cv. ‘55/56’ × P. deltoides cv. ‘Imperial’) saplings were exposed to two O₃ treatments (charcoal-filtered air (CF) and non-filtered ambient air (NF) + 40 nmol·mol^-1 O₃ (E-O₃)), and two watering treatments (control, well-watered and drought, reduced watering) using open-top chambers (OTC_S). The content of TNC and its components (glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharides, total soluble sugars and starch) in leaves and fine roots were measured.
Important findings E-O₃ significantly decreased the content of starch and TNC, but increased the content of fructose, glucose and total soluble sugar in leaves. However, E-O₃ did not have significant effects on starch and soluble sugars in fine roots. In addition, drought significantly increased the content of fructose and polysaccharide, but decreased the content of sucrose in fine roots, although drought had no significant impacts on the content of starch and soluble sugars in leaves. There was significant interaction of O₃ and drought on the content of polysaccharides and total soluble sugar in leaves, as indicated by the significant increase by E-O₃ under well-watered irrigation, but no effects under drought. E-O₃significantly increased the ratio of root to leaf in TNC content, but not under well water condition. In conclusion, E-O₃affected the content of TNC and its components in leaves, while drought affected them in fine roots. From the response of TNC, moderate drought mitigates the negative effects of O₃ pollution on plants.

Key words: O₃, drought, non-structural carbohydrate, poplar, fine root, leaf

周慧敏, 李品, 冯兆忠, 张殷波. 地表臭氧浓度升高与干旱交互作用对杨树非结构性碳水化合物积累和叶根分配的短期影响. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(4): 296-304. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

ZHOU Hui-Min, LI Pin, FENG Zhao-Zhong, ZHANG Yin-Bo. Short-term effects of combined elevated ozone and limited irrigation on accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves and roots of poplar sapling. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(4): 296-304. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0032

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图/表 5

表1 O3和干旱对杨树叶片和细根中非结构性碳水化合物(TNC)组分的方差分析结果

Table 1 Analysis of variance analysis of non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) components in leaves and fine roots of poplar by O3 and drought

		臭氧 O₃	干旱 Drought	臭氧×干旱 O₃ × Drought
叶片 Leaf	葡萄糖 Glucose	0.047	0.239	0.685
	果糖 Fructose	0.004	0.563	0.394
	蔗糖 Sucrose	0.217	0.384	0.995
	多糖 Polysaccharide	0.128	0.227	0.039
	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.003	0.449	0.009
	淀粉 Starch	0.002	0.130	0.885
	TNC	0.027	0.257	0.231
细根 Root	葡萄糖 Glucose	0.546	0.282	0.980
	果糖 Fructose	0.768	<0.001	0.459
	蔗糖 Sucrose	0.970	0.002	0.455
	多糖 Polysaccharide	0.575	0.025	0.245
	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.494	0.168	0.157
	淀粉 Starch	0.291	0.946	0.661
	TNC	0.294	0.244	0.177
细根/叶片 Fine root/ Leaf	总可溶性糖 Total soluble sugar	0.193	0.427	0.013
	淀粉 Starch	0.005	0.237	0.372
	TNC	0.005	0.03	0.022

图1 臭氧浓度升高和干旱处理对杨树叶片(A)和细根(B)中非结构性碳水化合物(TNC)含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。图中相同小写字母表示差异不显著(p > 0.05)。CF, 过滤空气; NF40, 未过滤空气+ 40 nmol·mol-1 O3。

Fig. 1 Effects of elevated ozone and drought on the total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) content in leaves (A) and fine roots (B) of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). The same lowercase letter in the figures stands for non-significant difference between treatments (p > 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

图2 臭氧浓度升高和干旱处理对叶片中葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、多糖、总可溶性糖和淀粉含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。图中不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。CF, 过滤空气; NF40, 未过滤空气+ 40 nmol·mol-1 O3。

Fig. 2 Effects of ozone and drought on glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharide, total soluble sugar and starch in leaves of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

图3 臭氧浓度升高和干旱处理对细根中蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、多糖、总可溶性糖和淀粉含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。图中不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。CF, 过滤空气; NF40, 未过滤空气+ 40 nmol·mol-1 O3。

Fig. 3 Effect of elevated ozone and drought on the glucose, fructose, sucrose, polysaccharide, total soluble sugar and starch in fine roots (mean ± SE). Different letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal- filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

图4 臭氧浓度升高和干旱处理对杨树叶片和细根总可溶性糖、淀粉和TNC含量的比值的影响(平均值±标准误差)。图中不同小写字母差异显著(p < 0.05)。CF, 过滤空气; NF40, 未过滤空气+ 40 nmol·mol-1 O3。

Fig. 4 Effects of elevated ozone and drought on the ratio of fine roots to leaves in total soluble sugar, starch and total non-structural carbohydrates of poplar saplings (mean ± SE). Different letters in the figures stand for the significant difference between treatments (p < 0.05). CF, charcoal-filtered air; NF40, non-filtered air + 40 nmol·mol-1 O3.

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地表臭氧浓度升高与干旱交互作用对杨树非结构性碳水化合物积累和叶根分配的短期影响

Short-term effects of combined elevated ozone and limited irrigation on accumulation and allocation of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves and roots of poplar sapling

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