不同碱度条件下中华水韭昼夜CO2气体交换的特征

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.019

植物生态学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1184-1190.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.019

不同碱度条件下中华水韭昼夜CO₂气体交换的特征

顾舒平¹^,², 尹黎燕¹^,³, 李洁琳¹^,², 李伟¹^,⁴^,^*()

1 中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉 430074
2 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
3 中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室,武汉 430074
4 湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430074

收稿日期:2008-12-23 接受日期:2009-05-15 出版日期:2009-12-23 发布日期:2009-11-30
通讯作者: 李伟
作者简介:*(liwei@wbgcas.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30700083);国家自然科学基金(30870259);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-Z-050)

DIURNAL CO<sub>2</sub> EXCHANGE RATES OF THE AQUATIC CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM PLANT ISOETES SINENSIS PALMER AT DIFFERENT ALKALINITIES

GU Shu-Ping¹^,², YIN Li-Yan¹^,³, LI Jie-Lin¹^,², LI Wei¹^,⁴^,^*()

1 Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
4 Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2008-12-23 Accepted:2009-05-15 Online:2009-12-23 Published:2009-11-30
Contact: LI Wei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

运用pH-drift的方法研究了在不同碱度条件下中华水韭(Isoetes sinensis)的沉水叶片昼夜CO₂吸收的特征。结果表明中华水韭的沉水叶片具有昼夜吸收水中CO₂的能力, 而不具备利用水中的HCO- 3的能力, 进一步证明了水生植物中华水韭的光合碳同化途径具有景天酸代谢(CAM)的特征。中华水韭沉水叶片光照条件下对水中CO₂的吸收速率在一定的浓度范围内正相关于水中的CO₂浓度。光照条件下, 中华水韭的pH-drift实验的pH补偿点分别为(8.1±0.3)和(7.9±0.1) mmol·L^-1, 最终[C_T]/Alk值为(1.009±0.01)和(1.022±0.004)。碱度对中华水韭夜晚CO₂的吸收速率有显著的影响(F = 38.73, p< 0.000 1)。总碱度1.70 mmol·L^-1溶液中的中华水韭沉水叶片在相对较低的CO₂浓度(0.04±0.001 mmol·L^-1)水平下即表现出对CO₂的净吸收。调查了野外一处中华水韭沉水种群的生境pH值及CO₂浓度的昼夜变化, 发现水体碱度约为1.59 mmol·L^-1, 一昼夜的pH值波动不大, 平均为(6.1±0.04), 昼夜CO₂浓度存在波动, 午夜水中的CO₂浓度是午后的近3倍。

关键词: 中华水韭, 光合作用, 景天酸代谢, CO₂气体交换, 碱度

Abstract:

Aims Isoetes sinensis Palmer, an endangered aquatic plant in China, possesses a CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) photosynthetic pathway in its submerged leaves. Our objectives were to investigate diurnal CO₂ exchange characteristics of submerged leaves and to examine if I. sinensis was capable of net CO₂ uptake in the dark, which was considered evidence of the CAM pathway in aquatic plants by Keeley (1998), and determine if diurnal CO₂ exchange rates were influenced by alkalinity. Results may contribute to conservation of this endangered plant by determining if high alkalinity of water sources limited population sizes.
Methods We used the pH-drift technique to analyze C_T (total carbon) and CO₂ uptake at two alkalinities in light and dark conditions. Photosynthetic C_T/CO₂ response curves were measured at 25 °C and 210 μmol·m ^-2·s^-1 and in a solution designed by Smart and Barko (1985) in which concentrations of NaHCO₃and KHCO₃ were varied to supply different alkalinities. Leaves were placed in a small glass chamber, each containing a known volume of the solution which was stirred by a magnetic stirrer at the bottom. The pH/unit time was recorded by a pH electrode that had been calibrated at the beginning and the end of each experiment, the alkalinities of the solution was measured by Gran titration (Talling, 1973) to determine if alkalinity was constant during each experiment. Plant material was weighed after drying overnight at 80 °C. We calculated the concentration of free CO ₂ and total carbon based on alkalinity, pH, conductivity and temperature according to Mackereth et al. (1978). With the calculated concentration of C_T (or CO₂), unit time, chamber volume and amount of plant material present, a photosynthesis or net CO₂ exchange rate was obtained. For each alkalinity, the CO₂ exchange rate was then plotted against the mean concentration of CO₂. A covariance approach was used to check if the CO₂ exchange significantly differed at two alkalinities.
Important findings Submerged leaves were capable of net CO₂ uptake in both light and dark conditions. The CO₂ uptake rate was a function of the concentration of CO₂ in the medium. The CO₂ uptake in dark was significantly influenced by alkalinity of the medium. Alkalinity does not seem to be a significant factor in reducing the distribution and success of this aquatic species.

Key words: Isoetes sinensisPalmer, photosynthesis, crassulacean acid metabolism, CO₂ exchange, alkalinity

顾舒平, 尹黎燕, 李洁琳, 李伟. 不同碱度条件下中华水韭昼夜CO₂气体交换的特征. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(6): 1184-1190. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.019

GU Shu-Ping, YIN Li-Yan, LI Jie-Lin, LI Wei. DIURNAL CO<sub>2</sub> EXCHANGE RATES OF THE AQUATIC CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM PLANT ISOETES SINENSIS PALMER AT DIFFERENT ALKALINITIES. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(6): 1184-1190. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.019

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I6/1184

图/表 6

图1 pH-drift实验的反应容器及配件 1: 恒温水浴系统 Constant temperature water bath 2: 磁力搅拌器 Magnetic stirring apparatus 3: 搅拌子(位于容器底部, 用一带空的圆片与植物隔开) Magnetic stirrer located beneath a perforated disc 4: pH电极(与data-logger连接) pH electrode (connected to the data-logger) 5: 恒温水进口 Inflow port 6: 恒温水出口 Outflow port

Fig. 1 Chamber with various components for the pH-drift experiment

表1 反应介质的总碱度、各成分的浓度和总离子强度

Table 1 Alkalinity, chemical composition and ionic strength of the solution

	碱度 Alkalinity (mmol·L^-1)	氯化钙 CaCl₂ (mmol·L^-1)	硫酸镁 MgSO₄ (mmol·L^-1)	碳酸氢钠NaHCO₃ (mmol·L^-1)	碳酸氢钾KHCO₃ (mmol·L^-1)	总离子强度 Ionic strength (mmol·L^-1)
低碱度 Low alkalinity	0.85	0.63	0.28	0.70	0.15	3.85
高碱度 High alkalinity	1.75	0.45	0.20	1.39	0.31	3.86

表2 中华水韭pH-drift实验最终的pH值及计算出的无机碳浓度

Table 2 Conditions and calculated carbon concentrations at the end of pH-drift experiments for Isoetes sinensis

总碱度 Alk (mmol·L^-1)	最终pH Final pH	[C_T] (mmol·L^-1)	[CO₂] (mmol·L^-1)	[HCO- 3] (mmol·L^-1)	C_T/Alk
0.85	8.1 (0.3)	0.858 (0.009)	0.016 (0.006)	0.834 (0.006)	1.009 (0.01)
1.70	7.9 (0.1)	1.737 (0.007)	0.045 (0.006)	1.683 (0.002)	1.022 (0.004)

图2 中华水韭两种碱度条件下的光合作用速率和[CT]、[CO2]关系图线性回归的显著性检验Significance test of the linear regression: ○ R = 0.99, p < 0.000 1; ▼ R = 0.98, p < 0.000 1 Alk: Total alkalinity

Fig. 2 Photosynthetic rates of Isoetes sinensis as a function of total carbon (CT) and CO2 concentration at two different alkalinities

图3 中华水韭两种碱度条件下黑暗中CO2气体交换曲线线性回归的显著性检验Significance test of the linear regression: ■ R = 0.88, p < 0.001; ▲ R = 0.78, p < 0.01) Alk: Total alkalinity

Fig. 3 CO2 response curve of Isoetes sinensis at two alkalinities in the dark

表3 中华水韭生境水体温度、pH值、碱度以及CO2浓度的昼夜变化

Table 3 Diel changes in water temperature, pH, alkalinity and concentration of free CO2 in a habitat of Isoetes sinensis

时间 Time	温度 Temperature (℃)	pH	总碱度Alk (mmol·L^-1)	[CO₂] (mmol·L^-1)
13:43	29.9 (1.5)	6.1 (0)	1.16	0.86 (0.14)
17:42	26.4 (0.2)	6.2 (0)	1.59	0.81 (0.06)
0:35	25.2 (0.1)	5.9 (0)	1.90	2.21 (0.42)
6:00	25.7 (0.1)	6.1 (0)	1.69	1.28 (0)

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不同碱度条件下中华水韭昼夜CO₂气体交换的特征

DIURNAL CO<sub>2</sub> EXCHANGE RATES OF THE AQUATIC CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM PLANT ISOETES SINENSIS PALMER AT DIFFERENT ALKALINITIES

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