磷饥饿下硅藻光系统II光化学反应及其对高光强的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0448

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海洋暖化导致海水上部混合层变浅, 使营养盐限制情况加剧, 也导致硅藻接收到的阳光辐射量增加。高光及营养盐限制的双重胁迫会影响硅藻的光合产量。该研究主要探索硅藻应对磷饥饿及高光胁迫的光合生理调控, 以进一步了解海洋环境变化对硅藻光合作用的影响。将体积不同的假微型海链藻(Thalassiosira pseudonana)和威氏海链藻(T. weissflogii)在磷饥饿条件下培养, 监测其光系统II (PSII)功能变化, 并将其置于高光强下, 研究其光合生理响应。结果表明: 磷饥饿条件下, 体积较小的假微型海链藻PSII活性逐渐下降, 从与D2蛋白结合的质体醌Q_A^-到与D1蛋白结合的质体醌Q_B的电子传递效率降低, 单位反应中心捕获的用于电子传递的能量下降, 并诱导产生非光化学淬灭, 而体积较大的威氏海链藻则能够维持较长时间的PSII活性; 假微型海链藻在磷充足条件下相比威氏海链藻具有较高的PSII光失活功能截面(σ_i)值, 易发生光抑制, 但同时也具有高的PSII修复速率, 磷饥饿对其光抑制敏感度无显著影响, 而威氏海链藻在磷饥饿条件下的σ_i显著升高, 其对高光强的耐受能力显著降低。在营养盐限制及辐射水平增强情况下, 体积较大的威氏海链藻可能倾向于分布在真光层的下部海域。该研究表明海洋环境变化可能会改变不同粒径硅藻的生态位, 并影响其初级生产力。

关键词: 硅藻, 磷饥饿, 光系统II功能, 光合作用

Abstract:

Aims As the ocean warms, the upper mixed layer becomes shallower, increasing nutrient limitation and sunlight exposure for diatoms. The photosynthetic yield of diatoms was affected by the dual stress of high light and nutrient limitation. This study mainly explored the photophysiological regulation of diatoms in response to phosphorus starvation and high light stress to further understand the effects of marine environmental changes on diatom photosynthesis.
Methods We cultured the two different-sized diatom species Thalassiosira pseudonana and T. weissflogii under the condition of phosphorus starvation to monitor the changes of photosystem II (PSII) function and to investigate their photophysiological responses to high light.
Important findings Under the condition of phosphorus starvation, the PSII activity of smaller T. pseudonana gradually declined, the electron transport efficiency from plastoquinone Q_A^-which binds to D2 protein to plastoquinone Q_Bwhich binds to D1 protein descended. Thus, the energy captured for electron transport per unit reaction center decreased, and the non-photoquenched was induced, while the PSII activity of larger T. weissflogii could be maintained for a longer time; T. pseudonana had higher value of PSII photoinactivation cross section (σ_i) under phosphorus sufficient condition than T. weissflogii, which was prone to photoinhibition and exhibited a higher repair rate for PSII. Phosphorus starvation had no significant effect on its sensitivity to photoinhibition, while T. weissflogii had significantly higher σ_i under phosphorus starvation condition, and its tolerance to high light intensity was significantly reduced. Under the condition of nutrient limitation and increased light exposure, the larger T. weissflogii may tend to distribute in the lower euphotic layer. In summary, this study suggests that marine environmental changes may change the niche of diatoms with different cell sizes and affect their contribution to primary production.

Key words: diatoms, phosphorus starvation, photosystem II function, photosynthesis

刘海燕, 臧纱纱, 张春霞, 左进城, 阮祚禧, 吴红艳. 磷饥饿下硅藻光系统II光化学反应及其对高光强的响应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(12): 1718-1727. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0448

LIU Hai-Yan, ZANG Sha-Sha, ZHANG Chun-Xia, ZUO Jin-Cheng, RUAN Zuo-Xi, WU Hong-Yan. Photochemical reaction of photosystem II in diatoms under phosphorus starvation and its response to high light intensity. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(12): 1718-1727. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0448

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0448

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I12/1718

图/表 7

图1 磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻光系统II最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm) (A)及非光化学淬灭(NPQ) (B)的变化(平均值±标准差)。

Fig. 1 Changes of PSII maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) (A) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) (B) in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana cultures under phosphorus starvation (mean ± SD).

图2 磷充足和磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻(A)和假微型海链藻(B)的叶绿素荧光诱导曲线(OJIP)。

Fig. 2 Chlorophyll a fluorescence transients (OJIP) in Thalassiosira weissflogii (A) and T. pseudonana (B) grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation conditions.

图3 磷充足和磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻的J点的相对可变荧光(VJ)、瞬时荧光开始时的初始斜率(Mo)和QA-到QB的电子传递效率(Ψ0) (平均值±标准差)。不同小写字母表示不同物种、处理之间的差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Relatively variable fluorescence at J-point (VJ), initial slope at the beginning of instantaneous fluorescence (Mo) and QA- electron transfer efficiency to QB (Ψ0) in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana cultures grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation conditions (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate differences between different species and treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 磷充足和磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻的单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABS/RC)、单位反应中心耗散掉的能量(DI0/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的用于还原QA的能量(TR0/RC)和单位反应中心捕获的用于电子传递的能量(ET0/RC)变化(平均值±标准差)。不同小写字母表示不同物种、处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Changes of the energy absorbed per unit reaction center (ABS/RC), energy dissipated from the reaction center (TR0/RC), energy captured by the unit reaction center for reducing QA (ET0/RC) and energy captured by the reaction center for electron transport (DI0/RC) in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation conditions (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between species and treatments (p < 0.05).

图5 磷充足及磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻响应高光强的光系统II (PSII)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)变化(平均值±标准差)。

Fig. 5 Response of photosystem II (PSII) maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) to high light in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation conditions (mean ± SD).

图6 磷充足及磷饥饿条件下威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻响应高光强的非光化学淬灭(NPQs)变化(平均值±标准差)。

Fig. 6 Response of non-photochemical quenching (NPQs) to high light in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation (mean ± SD).

图7 磷充足和磷饥饿条件下, 威氏海链藻和假微型海链藻的PSII光失活功能截面(σi)和光系统II (PSII)修复速率(RPSII)的变化(平均值±标准差)。不同小写字母表示不同物种、处理之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 7 Changes of PSII photo deactivation function cross section (σi) and photosystem II (PSII) repair rate (RPSII) in Thalassiosira weissflogii and T. pseudonana grown under phosphorus (P) repletion or starvation conditions (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between species and treatments (p < 0.05).

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