Stoichiometric characteristics of plants, litter and soils in karst plant communities of Northwest Guangxi

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0065

Abstract

Abstract: Aims The objectives of this study were to characterize the C:N:P stoichiometry of the “plant-litter-soil” continuum and to better understand nutrient cycling and stability mechanisms in karst forest ecosystems in Southwest China. Methods Three representative forest sites were selected for each of the primary and secondary communities (28 years of natural restoration) in Northwest Guangxi, and measurements were made on carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents in plants, litter and soils. Important findings Compared with other regions, the plants in karst forest ecosystems had relatively lower C content and higher N content, with a lower C:N ratio in consistency with the characteristics of plants. After 28 years of natural recovery, N and P absorption in secondary forests were at a relatively stable state compared with the primary forest communities. The values of N:P ratio varied from a range of 16-19 in the primary forest communities to 17-19 in the secondary forest communities, without apparent difference in the mean vale between the two contrasting community types. Soil organic C, N and P in karst forests occurred primarily in the top 0-10 cm soil layer, at 92.0 mg·g^-1 C, 6.35 mg·g^-1 N, and 1.5 mg·g^-1 P, respectively. In contrast, the nutrient utilization efficiency and nutrient resorption rate were lower in karst forest plants than in other plant types, with karst forest plants exhibiting a relatively rapid nutrient turnover rate. The N resorption rate was lower, and the P resorption higher, in the primary forest communities than in the secondary forest communities, indicating that the higher N deficiency and lower P deficiency of the primary forest communities compared with the secondary forest communities. Determination of the C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics in the plant-litter-soil continuum in this study provides a scientific guidance for restoration of the vulnerable karst ecosystem in Southwest China.

Key words: ecological stoichiometry, karst, plant, litter, soil, primary forest, secondary forest

ZENG Zhao-Xia,WANG Ke-Lin,LIU Xiao-Li,ZENG Fu-Ping,SONG Tong-Qing,PENG Wan-Xia,ZHANG Hao,DU Hu. Stoichiometric characteristics of plants, litter and soils in karst plant communities of Northwest Guangxi[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2015, 39(7): 682-693.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0065

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2015/V39/I7/682

Figures/Tables 7

References 49

[1]	Aerts R (1996). Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves of perennials: Are there general patterns?Journal of Ecology, 84, 597-608.
[2]	Aerts R, Chapin FS III (1999). The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: A re-evaluation of processes and patterns.Advances in Ecological Research, 30, 1-67.
[3]	Agren GI, Bosatta E (1998). Theoretical Ecosystem Ecology: Understanding Element Cycles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 234.
[4]	An Z, Niu DC, Wen HY, Yang Y, Zhang HR, Fu H (2011). Effects of N addition on nutrient resorption efficiency and C: N: P stoichiometric characteristics in Stipa bungeana of steppe grasslands in the Loess Plateau, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 801-807.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [安卓, 牛得草, 文海燕, 杨益, 张洪荣, 傅华 (2011). 氮素添加对黄土高原典型草原长芒草氮磷重吸收率及C:N:P化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 35, 801-807.]
[5]	Baldwin DS, Rees GN, Mitchell AM, Watson G, Williams J (2006). The short-term effects of salinization on anaerobic nutrient cycling and microbial community structure in sediment from a freshwater wetland.Wetlands, 26, 455-464.
[6]	Bin ZJ, Wang JJ, Zhang WP, Xu DH, Cheng XH, Li KJ, Cao DH (2014). Effects of N addition on ecological stoichiometric characteristics in six dominant plant species of alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 231-237.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [宾振钧, 王静静, 张文鹏, 徐当会, 程雪寒, 李柯杰, 曹德昊 (2014). 氮肥添加对青藏高原高寒草甸6个群落优势种生态化学计量学特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 38, 231-237.]
[7]	Elser JJ, Acharya K, Kyle M, Cotner J, Makino W, Markow T, Watts T, Hobbie S, Fagan W, Schade J, Hood J, Sterner RW (2003). Growth rate-stoichiometry couplings in diverse biota.Ecology Letters, 6, 936-943.
[8]	Elser JJ, Bracken MES, Cleland EE, Gruner DS, Harpole WS, Hillebrand H, Ngai JT, Seabloom EW, Shurin JB, Smith JE (2007). Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of primary producers in freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems.Ecology Letters, 10, 1135-1142.
[9]	Elser JJ, Fagan WF, Denno RF, Dobberfuhl DR, Folarin A, Huberty A, Interlandi S, Kilham SS, McCauley E, Schulz KL, Siemann EH, Sterner RW (2000a). Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs.Nature, 408, 578-580.
[10]	Elser JJ, Sterner RW, Gorokhova E, Fagan WF, Markow TA, Cotner JB, Harrison JF, Hobbie SE, Odell GM, Weider LJ (2000b). Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems.Ecology Letters, 3, 540-550.
[11]	Guo JF, Yang YS, Chen GS, Lin P, Xie JS (2006). A review on litter decomposition in forest ecosystem.Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 42(4), 93-100.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [郭剑芬, 杨玉盛, 陈光水, 林鹏, 谢锦升 (2006). 森林凋落物分解研究进展. 林业科学, 42(4), 93-100.]
[12]	Güsewell S (2004). N:P ratios in terrestrial plants: Variation and functional significance.New Phytologist, 164, 243-266.
[13]	Han WX, Fang JY, Guo DL, Zhang Y (2005). Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China.New Phytologist, 168, 377-385.
[14]	Han WX, Tang LY, Chen YH, Fang JY (2013). Relationship between the relative limitation and resorption efficiency of nitrogen vs phosphorus in woody plants.PLoS ONE, 8, e83366, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083366.
[15]	Han WX, Wu Y, Tang LY, Chen YH, Li LP, He JS, Fang JY (2009). Leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across plant species in Beijing and its periphery.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 45, 855-860.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [韩文轩, 吴漪, 汤璐瑛, 陈雅涵, 李利平, 贺金生, 方精云 (2009). 北京及周边地区植物叶的碳氮磷元素计量特征. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 45, 855-860.]
[16]	He JS, Han XG (2010). Ecological stoichiometry: Searching for unifying principles from individuals to ecosystems.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 2-6.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [贺金生, 韩兴国 (2010). 生态化学计量学: 探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论. 植物生态学报, 34, 2-6.]
[17]	He JS, Wang L, Flynn DFB, Wang XP, Ma WH, Fang JY (2008). Leaf nitrogen: Phosphorus stoichiometry across Chinese grassland biomes.Oecologia, 155, 301-310.
[18]	Hedin LO (2004). Global organization of terrestrial plant-nutrient interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101, 10849-10850.
[19]	Kang HZ, Xin ZJ, Breg B, Burgess PJ, Liu QL, Liu ZC, Li ZH, Liu CJ (2010). Global pattern of leaf litter nitrogen and phosphorus in woody plants.Annals of Forest Science, 67, 811.
[20]	Koerselman W, Meuleman AFM (1996). The vegetation N:P ratio: A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation.Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 1441-1450.
[21]	Ma WJ, Zhao YT, Zhang QQ, Arshad A, Shi QR, Yan ER (2014). C:N:P stoichiometry in forest floor litter of evergreen broad-leaved forests at different successional stages in Tiantong, Zhejiang, eastern China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 833-842.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [马文济, 赵延涛, 张晴晴, Arshad A, 史青茹, 阎恩荣 (2014). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段地表凋落物的C:N:P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 38, 833-842.]
[22]	McGroddy ME, Daufresne T, Hedin LO (2004). Scaling of C: N:P stoichiometry in forests worldwide: Implications of terrestrial Redfield-type ratios.Ecology, 85, 2390-2401.
[23]	Melillo JM, Aber JD, Muratore JF (1982). Nitrogen and lignin control of hardwood leaf litter decomposition dynamics.Ecology, 63, 621-626.
[24]	Ping C, Wang CK, Quan XK (2014). Influence of environmental changes on stoichiometric traits of nitrogen and phosphorus for Larix gmelinii trees.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 34, 1965-1974.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [平川, 王传宽, 全先奎 (2014). 环境变化对兴安落叶松氮磷化学计量特征的影响. 生态学报, 34, 1965-1974.]
[25]	Reich PB, Oleksyn J (2004). Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101, 11001-11006.
[26]	Ren SJ, Yu GR, Tao B, Wang SQ (2007). Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 654 terrestrial plant species in NSTEC.Environmental Science, 28, 2665-2673.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [任书杰, 于贵瑞, 陶波, 王绍强 (2007). 中国东部南北样带654种植物叶片氮和磷的化学计量学特征研究. 环境科学, 28, 2665-2673.]
[27]	Song TQ, Peng WX, Zeng FP, Wang KL, Cao HL, Li XK, Qin WG, Tan WN, Liu L (2010). Community composition and biodiversity characteristics of forests in karst cluster-peak- depression region.Biodiversity Science, 18, 355-364.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [宋同清, 彭晚霞, 曾馥平, 王克林, 曹洪麟, 李先琨, 覃文更, 谭卫宁, 刘璐 (2010). 喀斯特峰丛洼地不同类型森林群落的组成与生物多样性特征. 生物多样性, 18, 355-364.]
[28]	Sterner RW, Elser JJ (2002). Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
[29]	Sun SC, Chen LZ (2001). Leaf nutrient dynamics and resorption efficiency of Quercus liaotungensis in the Dongling Mountain region.Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 25, 76-82.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [孙书存, 陈灵芝 (2001). 东灵山地区辽东栎叶养分的季节动态与回收效率. 植物生态学报, 25, 76-82.]
[30]	Tang LY, Han WX, Chen YH, Fang JY (2013). Resorption proficiency and efficiency of leaf nutrients in woody plants in eastern China.Journal of Plant Ecology, 6, 408-417.
[31]	Tessier JT, Raynal DJ (2003). Use of nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in plant tissue as an indicator of nutrient limitation and nitrogen saturation.Journal of Applied Ecology, 40, 523-534.
[32]	Wang J, Huang JH (2001). Comparison of major nutrient release patterns in leaf litter decomposition in warm temperate zone of China.Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 25, 375-380.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王瑾, 黄建辉 (2001). 暖温带地区主要树种叶片凋落物分解过程中主要元素释放的比较. 植物生态学报, 25, 375-380.]
[33]	Wang JY, Wang SQ, Li RL, Yan JH, Sha LQ, Han SJ (2011). C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics of four forest types’ dominant tree species in China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 587-595.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王晶苑, 王绍强, 李纫兰, 闫俊华, 沙丽清, 韩士杰 (2011). 中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征. 植物生态学报, 35, 587-595.]
[34]	Wang KL (2001). Coordinated development tactics of agriculture and environment in ecological vulnerable region.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 9(3), 86-88.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王克林 (2001). 生态脆弱区域农业与环境协调发展策略. 中国生态农业学报, 9(3), 86-88.]
[35]	Wang SQ, Yu GR (2008). Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of ecosystem carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus elements.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 28, 3937-3947.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王绍强, 于贵瑞 (2008). 生态系统碳氮磷元素的生态化学计量学特征. 生态学报, 28, 3937-3947.]
[36]	Wang WQ, Tong C, Zeng CS (2010). Stoichiometry characteristics of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and anaerobic carbon decomposition of wetland soil of different texture.China Environmental Science, 30, 1369-1374.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王维奇, 仝川, 曾从盛 (2010). 不同质地湿地土壤碳、氮、磷计量学及厌氧碳分解特征. 中国环境科学, 30, 1369-1374.]
[37]	Wang WQ, Xu LL, Zeng CS, Tong C, Zhang LH (2011). Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus ecological stoichiometric ratios among live plant-litter-soil systems in estuarine wetland.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31, 7119-7124.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [王维奇, 徐玲琳, 曾从盛, 仝川, 张林海 (2011). 河口湿地植物活体-枯落物-土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征. 生态学报, 31, 7119-7124.]
[38]	Xiang WH, Huang ZH, Yan WD, Tian DL, Lei PF (2006). Review on coupling of interactive functions between carbon and nitrogen cycles in forest ecosystems.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 26, 2365-2372.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [项文化, 黄志宏, 闫文德, 田大伦, 雷丕锋 (2006). 森林生态系统碳氮循环功能耦合研究综述. 生态学报, 26, 2365-2372.]
[39]	Xing XR, Han XG, Chen LZ (2000). A review on research of plant nutrient use efficiency.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 785-790.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [邢雪荣, 韩兴国, 陈灵芝 (2000). 植物养分利用效率研究综述. 应用生态学报, 11, 785-790.]
[40]	Yan ER, Wang XH, Guo M, Zhong Q, Zhou W (2010). C:N:P stoichiometry across evergreen broad-leaved forests, evergreen coniferous forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province, eastern China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 48-57.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [阎恩荣, 王希华, 郭明, 仲强, 周武 (2010). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林、常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C:N:P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 34, 48-57.]
[41]	Yang X, Li Q, Wang SM, Hou BL, Zhang JQ, Wang G (2011). Stoichiometric analysis of leaves of two types of Nitraria and the sited Nebkhas soil.Journal of Desert Research, 31, 1156-1161.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [杨雪, 李奇, 王绍美, 侯宝林, 张杰琦, 王刚 (2011). 两种白刺叶片及沙堆土壤化学计量学特征的比较. 中国沙漠, 31, 1156-1161.]
[42]	Yang YS, Guo JF, Lin P, He ZM, Xie JS, Chen GS (2004). Carbon and nutrient pools of forest floor in native forest and monoculture plantations in subtropical China.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 24, 359-367.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [杨玉盛, 郭剑芬, 林鹏, 何宗明, 谢锦升, 陈光水 (2004). 格氏栲天然林与人工林枯枝落叶层碳库及养分库. 生态学报, 24, 359-367.]
[43]	Yin XR, Liang CZ, Wang LX, Wang W, Liu ZL, Liu XP (2010). Ecological stoichiometry of plant nutrients at different restoration succession stages in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 39-47.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [银晓瑞, 梁存柱, 王立新, 王炜, 刘钟龄, 刘小平 (2010). 内蒙古典型草原不同恢复演替阶段植物养分化学计量学. 植物生态学报, 34, 39-47.]
[44]	Yu YF, Peng WX, Song TQ, Zeng FP, Wang KL, Wen L, Fan FJ (2014). Stoichiometric characteristics of plant and soil C, N and P in different forest types in depressions between karst hills, southwest China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 25, 947-954.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [俞月凤, 彭晚霞, 宋同清, 曾馥平, 王克林, 文丽, 范夫静 (2014). 喀斯特峰丛洼地不同森林类型植物和土壤C、N、P化学计量特征. 应用生态学报, 25, 947-954.]
[45]	Zeng DH, Chen GS (2005). Ecological stoichiometry: A science to explore the complexity of living systems.Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 29, 1007-1019.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [曾德慧, 陈广生 (2005). 生态化学计量学: 复杂生命系统奥秘的探索. 植物生态学报, 29, 1007-1019.]
[46]	Zeng FP, Peng WX, Song TQ, Wang KL, Wu HY, Song XJ, Zeng ZX (2007). Changes in vegetation after 22 years’ natural restoration in the karst disturbed area in Northwest Guangxi.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27, 5110-5119.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [曾馥平, 彭晚霞, 宋同清, 王克林, 吴海勇, 宋希娟, 曾昭霞 (2007). 桂西北喀斯特人为干扰区植被自然恢复22年后群落特征. 生态学报, 27, 5110-5119.]
[47]	Zeng ZX, Wang KL, Zeng FP, Song TQ, Liu XL, Song XJ (2012). Litter decomposition and nutrient release in typical secondary and primary forests in karst region, Northwest of Guangxi.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 32, 2720-2728.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [曾昭霞, 王克林, 曾馥平, 宋同清, 刘孝利, 宋希娟 (2012). 桂西北喀斯特地区原生林与次生林凋落叶降解和养分释放. 生态学报, 32, 2720-2728.]
[48]	Zhang LX, Bai YF, Han XG (2004). Differential responses of N:P stoichiometry of Leymus chinensis and Carex korshinskyi to N additions in a steppe ecosystem in Nei Mongol.Acta Botanica Sinica, 46, 259-270.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [张丽霞, 白永飞, 韩兴国 (2004). 内蒙古典型草原生态系统中N素添加对羊草和黄囊苔草N:P化学计量学特征的影响. 植物学报, 46, 259-270.]
[49]	Zhao QG, Wang MZ, He YQ (1991). Forest litter fall and its effect on the soil in Chinese tropic and subtropical regions.Soils, (1), 8-15.
	(in Chinese with English abstract) [赵其国, 王明珠, 何园球 (1991). 我国热带亚热带森林凋落物及其对土壤的影响. 土壤, (1), 8-15.]

建群种 Constructive species	原生林 Primary forest			次生林 Secondary forest
建群种 Constructive species	圆果化香树 Platycarya longipes	伞花木 Eurycorymbus cavaleriei	青檀 Pteroceltis tatarinowii	圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	八角枫 Alangium chinense	黄荆 Vitex negundo
裸岩率 Bare rock (%)	48	55	70	15	35	12
建群种高 (m) (平均值±标准误差) Height of constructive species (m) (mean ± SE)	4.92 ± 0.56	7.67 ± 0.63	8.88 ± 0.71	4.74 ± 0.45	3.56 ± 0.38	1.86 ± 0.23
郁闭度 Canopy closure	0.55	0.61	0.48	0.67	0.82	0.74
物种数 Species number	13	17	9	38	33	42
香农-威尔指数 Shannon-Winner index	3.22	3.14	3.48	1.67	1.91	1.54
均匀度 Evenness	0.83	0.77	0.89	0.58	0.62	0.55
辛普森指数 Simpson’s index	0.81	0.78	0.95	0.55	0.64	0.52

建群种 Constructive species	原生林 Primary forest			次生林 Secondary forest
建群种 Constructive species	圆果化香树 Platycarya longipes	伞花木 Eurycorymbus cavaleriei	青檀 Pteroceltis tatarinowii	圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	八角枫 Alangium chinense	黄荆 Vitex negundo
裸岩率 Bare rock (%)	48	55	70	15	35	12
建群种高 (m) (平均值±标准误差) Height of constructive species (m) (mean ± SE)	4.92 ± 0.56	7.67 ± 0.63	8.88 ± 0.71	4.74 ± 0.45	3.56 ± 0.38	1.86 ± 0.23
郁闭度 Canopy closure	0.55	0.61	0.48	0.67	0.82	0.74
物种数 Species number	13	17	9	38	33	42
香农-威尔指数 Shannon-Winner index	3.22	3.14	3.48	1.67	1.91	1.54
均匀度 Evenness	0.83	0.77	0.89	0.58	0.62	0.55
辛普森指数 Simpson’s index	0.81	0.78	0.95	0.55	0.64	0.52

含量 Content	项目 Item	原生林 Primary forest			次生林 Secondary forest
含量 Content	项目 Item	圆果化香树 Platycarya longipes	伞花木 Eurycorymbus cavaleriei	青檀 Pteroceltis tatarinowii	圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	八角枫 Alangium chinense	黄荆 Vitex negundo
碳 C (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	429.3 ± 9.7^aA	438.8 ± 10.3^aA	432.3 ± 9.3^aA	422.3 ± 11.3^abA	416.6 ± 12.0^bA	425.9 ± 12.4^abA
	凋落物 Litter	395.1 ± 8.9^B	412.9 ± 9.0^A	399.4 ± 10.5^B	392.8 ± 10.6^B	385.2 ± 11.1^B	391.5 ± 12.5^B
	土壤 Soil	106.4 ± 6.2^abC	112.4 ± 7.1^aB	100.0 ± 6.6^bC	83.5 ± 7.4^cC	76.9 ± 6.0^cdC	72.9 ± 5.2^dC
氮 N (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	22.6 ± 4.4^aA	23.0 ± 4.1^aA	22.1 ± 3.7^aA	18.7 ±3.1^cA	19.9 ± 2.7^bcA	20.7 ± 2.7^bA
	凋落物 Litter	13.1 ± 2.3^B	12.5 ± 1.8^B	13.2 ± 2.1^B	12.7 ± 2.0^B	12.1 ± 3.1^B	12.8 ± 2.4^B
	土壤 Soil	6.4 ± 1.2^abC	5.7 ± 0.8^bC	5.9 ± 1.1^abC	7.2 ± 1.2^aC	6.8 ± 1.0^abC	6.1 ± 1.4^abC
磷 P (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	1.3 ± 0.4^A	1.4 ± 0.4^B	1.2 ± 0.4^B	1.1 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.4^A	1.2 ± 0.5
	凋落物 Litter	1.0 ± 0.1^B	1.1 ± 0.3^C	1.0 ± 0.3^C	0.8 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.4^B	0.8 ± 0.4
	土壤 Soil	1.4 ± 0.5^abA	1.7 ± 0.6^aA	1.6 ± 0.6^abA	1.2 ± 0.4^b	1.5 ± 0.5^abA	1.3 ± 0.4^b

含量 Content	项目 Item	原生林 Primary forest			次生林 Secondary forest
含量 Content	项目 Item	圆果化香树 Platycarya longipes	伞花木 Eurycorymbus cavaleriei	青檀 Pteroceltis tatarinowii	圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	八角枫 Alangium chinense	黄荆 Vitex negundo
碳 C (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	429.3 ± 9.7^aA	438.8 ± 10.3^aA	432.3 ± 9.3^aA	422.3 ± 11.3^abA	416.6 ± 12.0^bA	425.9 ± 12.4^abA
	凋落物 Litter	395.1 ± 8.9^B	412.9 ± 9.0^A	399.4 ± 10.5^B	392.8 ± 10.6^B	385.2 ± 11.1^B	391.5 ± 12.5^B
	土壤 Soil	106.4 ± 6.2^abC	112.4 ± 7.1^aB	100.0 ± 6.6^bC	83.5 ± 7.4^cC	76.9 ± 6.0^cdC	72.9 ± 5.2^dC
氮 N (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	22.6 ± 4.4^aA	23.0 ± 4.1^aA	22.1 ± 3.7^aA	18.7 ±3.1^cA	19.9 ± 2.7^bcA	20.7 ± 2.7^bA
	凋落物 Litter	13.1 ± 2.3^B	12.5 ± 1.8^B	13.2 ± 2.1^B	12.7 ± 2.0^B	12.1 ± 3.1^B	12.8 ± 2.4^B
	土壤 Soil	6.4 ± 1.2^abC	5.7 ± 0.8^bC	5.9 ± 1.1^abC	7.2 ± 1.2^aC	6.8 ± 1.0^abC	6.1 ± 1.4^abC
磷 P (mg·g^-1)	植物 Plant	1.3 ± 0.4^A	1.4 ± 0.4^B	1.2 ± 0.4^B	1.1 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.4^A	1.2 ± 0.5
	凋落物 Litter	1.0 ± 0.1^B	1.1 ± 0.3^C	1.0 ± 0.3^C	0.8 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.4^B	0.8 ± 0.4
	土壤 Soil	1.4 ± 0.5^abA	1.7 ± 0.6^aA	1.6 ± 0.6^abA	1.2 ± 0.4^b	1.5 ± 0.5^abA	1.3 ± 0.4^b

对象 Item	研究区域 Region	C (mg·g^-1)	N (mg·g^-1)	P (mg·g^-1)	C:N	C:P	N:P	文献 References
植物 Plant	广西喀斯特地区 Karst region, Guangxi	427.5	21.2	1.2	19.8	356	18	This study
	北京及其周边 Beijing and it’s periphery	451.0	26.1	2.0	17.4	226	13	Han et al., 2009
	吉林长白山 Changbaishan, Jilin	481.5	19.5	1.5	24.7	321	13	王晶苑等, 2011 Wang et al., 2011
	广东鼎湖山 Dinghushan, Guangdong	504.9	19.8	0.9	25.5	561	22	王晶苑等, 2011 Wang et al., 2011
	中国 China	-	18.6	1.2	-	-	16	Han et al., 2005
凋落物 Litter	广西喀斯特地区 Karst region, Guangxi	396.2	12.7	0.9	31.4	440	14	This study
	北京东灵山 Donglingshan, Beijing	447.3	8.0	0.4	55.9	1 118	20	Wang & Huang, 2001
	吉林长白山 Changbaishan, Jilin	496.8	12.9	0.9	39.4	552	14	王晶苑等, 2011 Wang et al., 2011
	广东鼎湖山 Dinghushan, Guangdong	522.1	14.2	0.4	37.3	1 305	35	王晶苑等, 2011 Wang et al., 2011
	全球 Global	-	10.9	0.9	-	-	12	Kang et al., 2010
土壤 Soil	广西喀斯特地区 Karst region, Guangxi (0-10 cm)	92.0	6.4	1.5	15.3	61	4	This study
	广西喀斯特地区 Karst region, Guangxi (0-20 cm)	48.4	5.4	0.5	8.8	97	11	Yu et al., 2014
	内蒙古草原 Steppe in Inner Mongolia (0-10 cm)	25.3	1.7	0.1	14.9	253	17	Yin et al., 2010
	闽江河口湿地 Wetlands in Minjiang river estuary (0-15 cm)	18.8	2.1	0.8	8.9	24	3	王维奇等, 2011 Wang et al., 2011
	甘肃民勤绿洲 Minqin oasis, Gansu (0-20 cm)	3.0	0.3	0.3	10.0	10	1	Yang et al., 2011