Chin J Plan Ecolo ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 140-150.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.1107
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Jiang-Hong ZHANG1, Fu-Tian PENG1,*(), Xiao-Mei JIANG1, Min-Ji LI1, Zhong-Tang WANG2
Online:
2016-02-10
Published:
2016-03-08
Contact:
Fu-Tian PENG
Jiang-Hong ZHANG, Fu-Tian PENG, Xiao-Mei JIANG, Min-Ji LI, Zhong-Tang WANG. Effects of peach branches returning on autotoxins and microbes in soil and tree growth of peaches[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2016, 40(2): 140-150.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.1107
物质种类 Material types | 平均含量 Mean content |
---|---|
没食子酸 Gallic acid (ng·g-1) | 110.46 |
儿茶素 Catechins (ng·g-1) | 2 359.61 |
丁香酸 Syringic acid (ng·g-1) | 5 084.21 |
绿原酸 Chlorogenic acid (ng·g-1) | 505.01 |
苯甲酸 Benzoic acid (ng·g-1) | 3 707.04 |
对羟基苯甲酸 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (ng·g-1) | 964.72 |
香豆素 Coumarin (ng·g-1) | 21.63 |
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid (ng·g-1) | 96.89 |
肉桂酸 Cinnamic acid (ng·g-1) | 142.94 |
香草醛 Vanillin (ng·g-1) | 1 274.60 |
香豆酸 Cumaric acid (ng·g-1) | 1 217.56 |
苦杏仁苷 Amygdalin (mg·g-1) | 17.24 |
Table 1 Phenolic acid and amygdalin content of peach tree branches
物质种类 Material types | 平均含量 Mean content |
---|---|
没食子酸 Gallic acid (ng·g-1) | 110.46 |
儿茶素 Catechins (ng·g-1) | 2 359.61 |
丁香酸 Syringic acid (ng·g-1) | 5 084.21 |
绿原酸 Chlorogenic acid (ng·g-1) | 505.01 |
苯甲酸 Benzoic acid (ng·g-1) | 3 707.04 |
对羟基苯甲酸 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (ng·g-1) | 964.72 |
香豆素 Coumarin (ng·g-1) | 21.63 |
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid (ng·g-1) | 96.89 |
肉桂酸 Cinnamic acid (ng·g-1) | 142.94 |
香草醛 Vanillin (ng·g-1) | 1 274.60 |
香豆酸 Cumaric acid (ng·g-1) | 1 217.56 |
苦杏仁苷 Amygdalin (mg·g-1) | 17.24 |
酚酸种类 Phenolic acids species (ng·g-1) | CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
没食子酸 Gallic acid | 960.28 ± 44.59c | 1 016.93 ± 1.43bc | 1 123.53 ± 7.01a | 1 083.38 ± 11.349ab | 1 160.95 ± 60.26a |
儿茶素 Catechins | 228.41 ± 18.42c | 298.88 ± 5.63b | 391.84 ± 21.52a | 258.61 ± 32.43bc | 352.44 ± 23.83a |
丁香酸 Syringic acid | 10.71 ± 1.60d | 17.13 ± 3.54c | 53.52 ± 3.12a | 13.85 ± 1.30cd | 32.62 ± 2.29b |
绿原酸 Syringic acid | 32.55 ± 3.36d | 37.35 ± 0.94c | 53.07 ± 1.26a | 34.02 ± 0.38cd | 45.03 ± 3.99b |
苯甲酸 Benzoic acid | 17.48 ± 0.91c | 20.54 ± 2.91bc | 29.56 ± 3.97a | 16.21 ± 3.12c | 24.44 ± 1.58b |
对羟基苯甲酸 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 13.62 ± 2.60ab | 13.93 ± 3.36ab | 10.68 ± 0.58b | 18.43 ± 2.02ab | 15.39 ± 4.84ab |
香豆素 Coumarin | 15.98 ± 1.71c | 24.60 ± 5.27b | 33.41 ± 3.31a | 16.38 ± 4.13c | 32.36 ± 3.77a |
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid | 15.40 ± 0.89a | 17.49 ± 1.63a | 16.30 ± 1.74a | 17.59 ± 1.58a | 16.29 ± 2.33a |
肉桂酸 Cinnamic acid | 4.88 ± 0.44b | 4.81 ± 0.70b | 5.83 ± 0.36a | 5.65 ± 0.58ab | 5.94 ± 0.18a |
香草醛 Vanillin | 14.04 ± 1.48c | 16.92 ± 0.71ab | 17.56 ± 0.66a | 15.78 ± 0.31b | 16.76 ± 0.64ab |
香豆酸 Cumaric acid | 8.17 ± 0.77a | 9.75 ± 1.00a | 9.30 ± 1.02a | 8.92 ± 0.87a | 8.10 ± 0.84a |
酚酸总量 Phenolic acid | 1 321.51 ± 58.43a | 1 478.30 ± 7.07b | 1 744.60 ± 94.27c | 1 492.68 ± 30.72b | 1 710.32 ± 50.30c |
Table 2 Effects of branch returning on the content of soil phenolic acids under peach tree (means ± SD)
酚酸种类 Phenolic acids species (ng·g-1) | CK | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
没食子酸 Gallic acid | 960.28 ± 44.59c | 1 016.93 ± 1.43bc | 1 123.53 ± 7.01a | 1 083.38 ± 11.349ab | 1 160.95 ± 60.26a |
儿茶素 Catechins | 228.41 ± 18.42c | 298.88 ± 5.63b | 391.84 ± 21.52a | 258.61 ± 32.43bc | 352.44 ± 23.83a |
丁香酸 Syringic acid | 10.71 ± 1.60d | 17.13 ± 3.54c | 53.52 ± 3.12a | 13.85 ± 1.30cd | 32.62 ± 2.29b |
绿原酸 Syringic acid | 32.55 ± 3.36d | 37.35 ± 0.94c | 53.07 ± 1.26a | 34.02 ± 0.38cd | 45.03 ± 3.99b |
苯甲酸 Benzoic acid | 17.48 ± 0.91c | 20.54 ± 2.91bc | 29.56 ± 3.97a | 16.21 ± 3.12c | 24.44 ± 1.58b |
对羟基苯甲酸 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid | 13.62 ± 2.60ab | 13.93 ± 3.36ab | 10.68 ± 0.58b | 18.43 ± 2.02ab | 15.39 ± 4.84ab |
香豆素 Coumarin | 15.98 ± 1.71c | 24.60 ± 5.27b | 33.41 ± 3.31a | 16.38 ± 4.13c | 32.36 ± 3.77a |
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid | 15.40 ± 0.89a | 17.49 ± 1.63a | 16.30 ± 1.74a | 17.59 ± 1.58a | 16.29 ± 2.33a |
肉桂酸 Cinnamic acid | 4.88 ± 0.44b | 4.81 ± 0.70b | 5.83 ± 0.36a | 5.65 ± 0.58ab | 5.94 ± 0.18a |
香草醛 Vanillin | 14.04 ± 1.48c | 16.92 ± 0.71ab | 17.56 ± 0.66a | 15.78 ± 0.31b | 16.76 ± 0.64ab |
香豆酸 Cumaric acid | 8.17 ± 0.77a | 9.75 ± 1.00a | 9.30 ± 1.02a | 8.92 ± 0.87a | 8.10 ± 0.84a |
酚酸总量 Phenolic acid | 1 321.51 ± 58.43a | 1 478.30 ± 7.07b | 1 744.60 ± 94.27c | 1 492.68 ± 30.72b | 1 710.32 ± 50.30c |
Fig. 1 Effects of branch returning on the amygdalin content of soils under peach tree (means ± SD). CK, no branch addition as control; T1, T2, T3 and T4 represent treatment of coverage by fragmented peach tree branches in 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, and treatment of peach tree branch leachate application of 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, respectively. Different letters in the figure denote significant difference at a level of p < 0.05.
Fig. 2 Effects of high-quantity returning treatment on soil fungi (A), bacteria (B) and the fungi:bacteria ratio (C). CK, no branches addition as control; T2 and T4 represent branch fragment application and branch leachate application in 22.5 g·kg-1, respectively.
Fig. 3 Effects of branch returning on the soil invertase (A), catalase (B) and urease (C) activity (means ± SD). CK, no branches addition as control; T1, T2, T3 and T4 represent treatment of coverage by fragmented peach tree branches in 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, and treatment of peach tree branch leachate application of 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, respectively. Different letters in the figure denote significant difference at a level of p < 0.05.
Fig. 4 Effects of branch returning on the net photosynthesis rate of peach trees (means ± SD). CK, no branches addition as control; T1, T2, T3 and T4 represent treatment of coverage by fragmented peach tree branches in 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, and treatment of peach tree branch leachate application of 1.5 g·kg-1 and 22.5 g·kg-1, respectively. Different letters in the figure denote significant difference at a level of p < 0.05.
处理 Treatment | 新梢生长量 Fresh treetop growth (cm) | 地径 Ground diameter (mm) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013/06/22 | 2013/07/07 | 2013/07/23 | 2013/08/08 | 2013/06/18 | 2014/06/15 | |
CK | 8.33 ± 1.76a | 4.67 ± 0.58a | 5.17 ± 1.04a | 2.5 ± 0.87a | 11.50 ± 1.62a | 17.70 ± 0.69a |
T1 | 8.83 ± 1.04a | 3.67 ± 1.53a | 4.50 ± 1.50a | 1.67 ± 0.58abc | 11.24 ± 0.12a | 17.40 ± 0.74a |
T2 | 9.33 ± 0.58a | 1.67 ± 0.76c | 1.00 ± 1.00b | 0.33 ± 0.29c | 11.86 ± 1.06a | 15.86 ± 0.66b |
T3 | 9.17 ± 1.04a | 4.00 ± 1.00a | 4.50 ± 1.32a | 2.00 ± 1.00abc | 11.40 ± 0.23a | 17.18 ± 0.57ab |
T4 | 9.00 ± 1.50a | 1.67 ± 1.53bc | 1.83 ± 0.76b | 0.83 ± 1.04bc | 11.29 ± 0.60a | 15.98 ± 0.88b |
Table 3 Effects of branch returning on the fresh treetop growth and ground diameter of peach tree (mean ± SD)
处理 Treatment | 新梢生长量 Fresh treetop growth (cm) | 地径 Ground diameter (mm) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013/06/22 | 2013/07/07 | 2013/07/23 | 2013/08/08 | 2013/06/18 | 2014/06/15 | |
CK | 8.33 ± 1.76a | 4.67 ± 0.58a | 5.17 ± 1.04a | 2.5 ± 0.87a | 11.50 ± 1.62a | 17.70 ± 0.69a |
T1 | 8.83 ± 1.04a | 3.67 ± 1.53a | 4.50 ± 1.50a | 1.67 ± 0.58abc | 11.24 ± 0.12a | 17.40 ± 0.74a |
T2 | 9.33 ± 0.58a | 1.67 ± 0.76c | 1.00 ± 1.00b | 0.33 ± 0.29c | 11.86 ± 1.06a | 15.86 ± 0.66b |
T3 | 9.17 ± 1.04a | 4.00 ± 1.00a | 4.50 ± 1.32a | 2.00 ± 1.00abc | 11.40 ± 0.23a | 17.18 ± 0.57ab |
T4 | 9.00 ± 1.50a | 1.67 ± 1.53bc | 1.83 ± 0.76b | 0.83 ± 1.04bc | 11.29 ± 0.60a | 15.98 ± 0.88b |
处理 Treatment | 叶片SPAD值 Chlorophyll meter readings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013/06/22 | 2013/07/22 | 2013/08/22 | 2014/05/15 | 2014/06/15 | |
CK | 40.37 ± 0.15b | 41.63 ± 0.50ab | 41.90 ± 2.17a | 40.40 ± 0.76a | 41.20 ± 0.89a |
T1 | 40.10 ± 1.32b | 42.27 ± 1.31a | 42.60 ± 1.31a | 39.97 ± 1.93ab | 41.77 ± 1.26a |
T2 | 39.53 ± 0.61b | 40.17 ± 0.35b | 41.27 ± 1.19a | 36.97 ± 0.21c | 37.87 ± 0.35c |
T3 | 40.37 ± 1.30b | 41.27 ± 0.40ab | 40.43 ± 1.88a | 41.13 ± 1.29a | 40.53 ± 1.12ab |
T4 | 42.47 ± 0.95a | 42.73 ± 1.05a | 41.83 ± 1.02a | 38.00 ± 0.36bc | 39.00 ± 1.09bc |
Table 4 Effects of branch returning on the Chlorophyll meter readings of peach tree (mean ± SD)
处理 Treatment | 叶片SPAD值 Chlorophyll meter readings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013/06/22 | 2013/07/22 | 2013/08/22 | 2014/05/15 | 2014/06/15 | |
CK | 40.37 ± 0.15b | 41.63 ± 0.50ab | 41.90 ± 2.17a | 40.40 ± 0.76a | 41.20 ± 0.89a |
T1 | 40.10 ± 1.32b | 42.27 ± 1.31a | 42.60 ± 1.31a | 39.97 ± 1.93ab | 41.77 ± 1.26a |
T2 | 39.53 ± 0.61b | 40.17 ± 0.35b | 41.27 ± 1.19a | 36.97 ± 0.21c | 37.87 ± 0.35c |
T3 | 40.37 ± 1.30b | 41.27 ± 0.40ab | 40.43 ± 1.88a | 41.13 ± 1.29a | 40.53 ± 1.12ab |
T4 | 42.47 ± 0.95a | 42.73 ± 1.05a | 41.83 ± 1.02a | 38.00 ± 0.36bc | 39.00 ± 1.09bc |
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