Effect of Dicranopteris dichotoma on spectroscopic characteristic of dissolved organic matter in red soil erosion area

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0363

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the most active component of organic matters in soils, and plays an important role in carbon cycles. It is a mixed organic compound with varying molecular sizes and weights. We aimed to explore the impacts of Dicranopteris dichotoma coverage on quantity and structure of DOM after vegetation restoration in severely eroded red soil region. Methods A typical sequence of vegetation restoration (Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years) was selected as the research object in Hetian Town, Changting County, Fujian Province, China. At each experimental site, soils were subject to three treatments—NRd, not removed D. dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma; and CK, control, and the effects of D. dichotoma on the spectral characteristics of DOM were evaluated.Important findings The results indicated that the quantity of soil DOC under NRd treatment of the Y0, Y13 and Y31 was 7.61, 4.83, and 5.47 times higher than their CK treatment, respectively. The Rd treatment had significantly lower DOC than that under NRd treatments, and it was 1.84, 4.12, and 4.73 times higher than their CK treatments, respectively. Thus the D. dichotoma had exerted significant effects on the quantity of soil DOM. The Aromaticity index (AI), emission fluorescence spectrum humification index (HIX_em) and synchronous fluorescence spectrum humification index (HIX_syn) of DOM under the NRd treatment were significantly higher than those of the CK treatments in Y13 and Y31, respectively. However, the ratio of ultraviolet-visible light absorption photometric quantity at 250 nm wavelength to ultraviolet-visible light absorption photometric quantity at 365 nm wavelength (E₂:E₃) had an opposite trend. It showed that the DOM structure in soils covered by D. dichotoma contained more aromatic nucleus and had higher aromaticity and humification, and DOM molecular was larger. In addition, the AI and humification index (HIX) of DOM under the Rd treatment was significantly decreased compared with the NRd treatment. Similar results were observed by analysis of emission and synchronous fluorescence spectrum, and by the Fourier infrared transmission spectrum analysis. These results suggest that D. dichotoma had positive impacts on the complexity of DOM structure, but it was a long and slow process. The DOM spectral analysis showed that the soil DOM covered by D. dichotoma had a stable and complex structure and was easily adsorbed by soil colloid. As a result, Dicranopteris dichotoma had a positive effect on the accumulation of soil organic carbon.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201708005

Key words: vegetation restoration, dissolved organic matter, spectroscopic characteristic

Hao ZHANG, Mao-Kui Lyu, Jin-Sheng XIE. Effect of Dicranopteris dichotoma on spectroscopic characteristic of dissolved organic matter in red soil erosion area[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(8): 862-871.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0363

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2017/V41/I8/862

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 The basic background characteristics of sample plot (mean ± SD)

因子 Factor	林分类型 Stand type
	Y0			Y13			Y31
	NRd	Rd	CK	NRd	Rd	CK	NRd	Rd	CK
治理历史 Management process	土壤侵蚀严重 Suffer from serious soil erosion			从2002年开始治理 Ecological restoration since from 2002			从1984年开始治理 Ecological restoration since from 1984
优势种 Dominant species	马尾松, 芒萁 Pinus massoniana, Dicranopteris dichotoma			马尾松, 芒萁 Pinus massoniana, Dicranopteris dichotoma			马尾松, 芒萁 Pinus massoniana, Dicranopteris dichotoma
平均树高 Average height of trees (m)	2			7			13.7
平均胸径 Average diameter at breast height (cm)	3.1			7.4			14
植株密度 Plant density (stems·hm^-2)	1 741			3 341			1 433
芒萁覆盖度 Coverage of Dicranopteris dichotoma (%)	15			90			85
坡度 Slope (°)	19			8			11
土壤有机碳 Soil organic carbon (g·kg^-1)	6.37 ± 0.12	3.42 ± 0.01	1.60 ± 0.14	10.16 ± 1.47	11.30 ± 1.28	8.09 ± 0.52	14.33 ± 4.78	14.23 ± 1.94	5.32 ± 0.54
总氮Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	0.61 ± 0.02	0.52 ± 0.19	0.26 ± 0.07	0.74 ± 0.04	0.66 ± 0.01	0.48 ± 0.09	0.91 ± 0.25	0.81 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.16
pH	4.37 ± 0.07	4.58 ± 4.58	4.67 ± 0.07	4.19 ± 0.07	4.39 ± 0.07	4.50 ± 0.04	4.24 ± 0.06	4.44 ± 0.03	4.69 ± 0.14

Fig. 1 Variation of the quantity of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters stand for the significant difference between different experimental treatments in the same vegetation restoration years (p < 0.05). Different capitals stand for the significant difference between the different vegetation restoration years in the same experimental treatment (p < 0.05). CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years.

Fig. 2 Characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) ultraviolet spectrum (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters stand for the significant difference between different experimental treatments in the same vegetation restoration years (p < 0.05). CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years. E2:E3, the ratio of ultraviolet-visible light absorption photometric quantity at 250 nm wavelength to ultraviolet-visible light absorption photometric quantity at 365 nm wavelength.

Fig. 3 Characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) emission fluorescence spectrum. CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years. λem, emission fluorescence spectrum wavelength.

Fig. 4 Characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) synchronization fluorescence spectrum. CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed Dicranopteris dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years. λsyn, synchronous fluorescence spectrum wavelength.

Fig. 5 Characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) fluorescence spectrum (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters stand for the significant difference between different experimental treatments in the same vegetation restoration years (p < 0.05). CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years. HIXem, emission fluorescence spectrum humification index; HIXsyn, synchronous fluorescence spectrum humification index.

Fig. 6 Characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) fourier infrared transmission spectrum. CK, control; NRd, not removed Dicranopteris dichotoma; Rd, removed D. dichotoma. Y0, without ecological restoration; Y13, ecological restoration for 13 years; Y31, ecological restoration for 31 years.

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