Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 460-467.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00042
Special Issue: 青藏高原植物生态学:群落生态学
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LU Ning-Na1,ZHAO Zhi-Gang2,*()
Received:
2013-11-14
Accepted:
2013-12-26
Online:
2014-11-14
Published:
2014-05-13
Contact:
ZHAO Zhi-Gang
LU Ning-Na,ZHAO Zhi-Gang. Flower symmetry and flower size variability: an examination of Berg’s hypotheses in an alpine meadow[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(5): 460-467.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00042
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
---|---|---|---|
辐射对称物种 Radial species | |||
喉毛花 Comastoma pulmonarium4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.242 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.144 | ||
湿生扁蕾 Gentianopsis paludosa4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.355 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.134 | ||
瞿麦 Dianthus superbus6 | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.262 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.118 | ||
沼生柳叶菜 Epilobium palustre6 | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.280 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.136 | ||
柳兰 Chamerion angustifolium6 | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.200 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.055 | ||
花荵 Polemonium caeruleum6 | 花荵科 Polemoniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.239 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.082 | ||
莓叶委陵菜 Potentilla fragarioides2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.198 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.119 | ||
银露梅 Potentilla glabra2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.185 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.119 | ||
金露梅 Potentilla fruticosa2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.222 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.064 | ||
丝叶毛茛 Ranunculus tanguticus var. capillaceus1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.575 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.136 | ||
钝裂银莲花 Anemone obtusiloba1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.464 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.140 | ||
高山唐松草 Thalictrum alpinum1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.113 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.154 | ||
小花草玉梅 Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.143 | ||
毛茛状金莲花 Trollius ranunculoides1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.137 |
甘青老鹳草 Geranium pylzowianum6 | 牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.127 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.096 | ||
鼠掌老鹳草 Geranium sibiricum6 | 牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.281 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.155 | ||
水团花 Adina pilulifera3 | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.236 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.114 | ||
直立点地梅 Androsace erecta6 | 报春花科 Primulaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.067 |
黄帚橐吾 Ligularia virgaurea5 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.233 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.161 | ||
毛连菜 Picris hieracioides6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.153 | ||
沼生苦苣菜 Sonchus palustris6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.100 |
黑褐千里光 Senecio atrofuscus6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.127 |
缘毛紫菀 Aster souliei6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.132 |
高山紫菀 Aster alpinus6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.172 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.172 | ||
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
甘青微孔草 Microula pseudotrichocarpa3 | 紫草科 Boraginaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.105 |
刺芒龙胆 Gentiana aristata4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 花大小(花冠筒长、花冠直径、花冠裂片长、花冠裂片宽、花冠筒直径) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla diameter, corolla lobe length, corolla lobe width, corolla tube diameter) | 0.093 |
鳞叶龙胆 Gentiana squarrosa4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花冠筒长、花冠直径、花冠裂片长、花冠裂片宽、花冠筒直径) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla diameter, corolla lobe length, corolla lobe width, corolla tube diameter) | 0.240 | ||
狼毒 Stellera chamaejasme6 | 瑞香科 Thymelaeaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.128 |
夏河缬草 Valeriana xiaheensis5 | 败酱科 Valerianaceae | 花大小(花冠筒长、花冠筒直径、花直径、花瓣长、花瓣宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, corolla diameter, petal length and width) | 0.220 |
高山韭 Allium sikkimense | 百合科 Liliaceae | 花大小(花瓣长、宽) Flower size (length and width) | 0.115 |
高原鸢尾 Iris collettii | 鸢尾科 Iridaceae | 花大小(外花被直径、内花被直径、外花瓣长、外花瓣宽、内花瓣长、内花瓣宽) Flower size (outside perianth diameter, inside perianth diameter, outside petal length and width, inside petal length and width ) | 0.080 |
两侧对称物种 Bilateral species | |||
碎米蕨叶马先蒿 Pedicularis cheilanthifolia5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.248 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.102 | ||
甘肃马先蒿 Pedicularis kansuensis5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.101 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.077 | ||
四川马先蒿 Pedicularis szetschuanica5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.286 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.124 | ||
露蕊乌头 Gymnaconitum gymnandrum1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.259 |
花大小(盔高、萼片直径、侧萼片宽、侧萼片高、侧萼片间距) Flower size (galea height, sepal diameter, Lateral sepal width and length, distance between lateral sepals) | 0.122 | ||
展毛翠雀花 Delphinium kamaonense1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.124 |
花大小(花冠直径、距长、上萼片宽、下萼片宽) Flower size (corolla diameter, spur length, upper sepal width, under sepal width) | 0.068 | ||
黄花棘豆 Oxytropis ochrocephala2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.247 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.158 | ||
甘肃米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia gansuensis2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.092 |
花大小(龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长、龙骨瓣宽、翼瓣长、旗瓣宽) Flower size (keel length and width, wing petal length, flag petal length and width) | 0.199 | ||
青海苜蓿 Medicago archiducis-nicolai2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.292 |
花大小(龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长、龙骨瓣宽、翼瓣长、旗瓣宽) Flower size (keel length and width, wing petal length and width, flag petal length and width) | 0.09 | ||
歪头菜 Vicia unijuga2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.198 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.208 | ||
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.064 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.05 | ||
山黧豆 Lathyrus quinquenervius2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.276 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长和宽、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length and width, flag petal length) | 0.124 | ||
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
救荒野豌豆 Vicia sativa2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.060 |
大叶鼠尾草 `Salvia grandifolia4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.181 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、上下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, lower lip length and width, distance between lips) | 0.099 | ||
藏荆芥 Nepeta angustifolia4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.187 |
花大小(花萼筒长、花萼筒直径、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.076 | ||
异色黄芩 Scutellaria discolor4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.225 |
花大小(花萼筒长、花萼筒直径、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.080 | ||
毛果婆婆纳 Veronica eriogyne3 | 玄参科 Scrophulariaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.111 |
花大小(花萼筒直径、上唇宽、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube diameter, upper lip width, lower lip width) | 0.129 | ||
短腺小米草 Euphrasia regelii3 | 玄参科 Scrophulariaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.204 |
花大小(上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽、上下唇间距) Flower size (upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width, distance between lips) | 0.151 | ||
灯笼草 Clinopodium polycephalum4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.167 |
花大小(花萼筒长、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.118 | ||
陕西紫堇 Corydalis shensiana6 | 罂粟科 Papaveraceae | 叶大小(长、宽)Leaf size (length and width) | 0.264 |
花大小(上花瓣长、距长、下花瓣长、下花瓣宽、上下瓣间距) Flower size (upper petal length, lower petal length and width, distance between petals, spur length) | 0.180 |
Table 1 Coefficients of variation (CV) in flower and leaf traits in 50 species*
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
---|---|---|---|
辐射对称物种 Radial species | |||
喉毛花 Comastoma pulmonarium4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.242 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.144 | ||
湿生扁蕾 Gentianopsis paludosa4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.355 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.134 | ||
瞿麦 Dianthus superbus6 | 石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.262 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.118 | ||
沼生柳叶菜 Epilobium palustre6 | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.280 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.136 | ||
柳兰 Chamerion angustifolium6 | 柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.200 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.055 | ||
花荵 Polemonium caeruleum6 | 花荵科 Polemoniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.239 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.082 | ||
莓叶委陵菜 Potentilla fragarioides2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.198 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.119 | ||
银露梅 Potentilla glabra2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.185 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.119 | ||
金露梅 Potentilla fruticosa2 | 蔷薇科 Rosaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.222 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.064 | ||
丝叶毛茛 Ranunculus tanguticus var. capillaceus1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.575 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.136 | ||
钝裂银莲花 Anemone obtusiloba1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.464 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.140 | ||
高山唐松草 Thalictrum alpinum1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.113 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.154 | ||
小花草玉梅 Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.143 | ||
毛茛状金莲花 Trollius ranunculoides1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.137 |
甘青老鹳草 Geranium pylzowianum6 | 牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.127 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.096 | ||
鼠掌老鹳草 Geranium sibiricum6 | 牻牛儿苗科 Geraniaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.281 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.155 | ||
水团花 Adina pilulifera3 | 茜草科 Rubiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.236 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.114 | ||
直立点地梅 Androsace erecta6 | 报春花科 Primulaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.067 |
黄帚橐吾 Ligularia virgaurea5 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.233 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.161 | ||
毛连菜 Picris hieracioides6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.153 | ||
沼生苦苣菜 Sonchus palustris6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.100 |
黑褐千里光 Senecio atrofuscus6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.127 |
缘毛紫菀 Aster souliei6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.132 |
高山紫菀 Aster alpinus6 | 菊科 Asteraceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.172 |
花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.172 | ||
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
甘青微孔草 Microula pseudotrichocarpa3 | 紫草科 Boraginaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.105 |
刺芒龙胆 Gentiana aristata4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 花大小(花冠筒长、花冠直径、花冠裂片长、花冠裂片宽、花冠筒直径) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla diameter, corolla lobe length, corolla lobe width, corolla tube diameter) | 0.093 |
鳞叶龙胆 Gentiana squarrosa4 | 龙胆科 Gentianaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length, width) | 0.223 |
花大小(花冠筒长、花冠直径、花冠裂片长、花冠裂片宽、花冠筒直径) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla diameter, corolla lobe length, corolla lobe width, corolla tube diameter) | 0.240 | ||
狼毒 Stellera chamaejasme6 | 瑞香科 Thymelaeaceae | 花大小(花直径、瓣长、瓣宽) Flower size (diameter, length, width) | 0.128 |
夏河缬草 Valeriana xiaheensis5 | 败酱科 Valerianaceae | 花大小(花冠筒长、花冠筒直径、花直径、花瓣长、花瓣宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, corolla diameter, petal length and width) | 0.220 |
高山韭 Allium sikkimense | 百合科 Liliaceae | 花大小(花瓣长、宽) Flower size (length and width) | 0.115 |
高原鸢尾 Iris collettii | 鸢尾科 Iridaceae | 花大小(外花被直径、内花被直径、外花瓣长、外花瓣宽、内花瓣长、内花瓣宽) Flower size (outside perianth diameter, inside perianth diameter, outside petal length and width, inside petal length and width ) | 0.080 |
两侧对称物种 Bilateral species | |||
碎米蕨叶马先蒿 Pedicularis cheilanthifolia5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.248 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.102 | ||
甘肃马先蒿 Pedicularis kansuensis5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.101 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.077 | ||
四川马先蒿 Pedicularis szetschuanica5 | 列当科 Orobanchaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.286 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、花冠与下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, Lower lip length and width, distance between corolla and lower lip) | 0.124 | ||
露蕊乌头 Gymnaconitum gymnandrum1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.259 |
花大小(盔高、萼片直径、侧萼片宽、侧萼片高、侧萼片间距) Flower size (galea height, sepal diameter, Lateral sepal width and length, distance between lateral sepals) | 0.122 | ||
展毛翠雀花 Delphinium kamaonense1 | 毛茛科 Ranunculaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.124 |
花大小(花冠直径、距长、上萼片宽、下萼片宽) Flower size (corolla diameter, spur length, upper sepal width, under sepal width) | 0.068 | ||
黄花棘豆 Oxytropis ochrocephala2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.247 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.158 | ||
甘肃米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia gansuensis2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.092 |
花大小(龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长、龙骨瓣宽、翼瓣长、旗瓣宽) Flower size (keel length and width, wing petal length, flag petal length and width) | 0.199 | ||
青海苜蓿 Medicago archiducis-nicolai2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.292 |
花大小(龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长、龙骨瓣宽、翼瓣长、旗瓣宽) Flower size (keel length and width, wing petal length and width, flag petal length and width) | 0.09 | ||
歪头菜 Vicia unijuga2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.198 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.208 | ||
苦马豆 Sphaerophysa salsula2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.064 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.05 | ||
山黧豆 Lathyrus quinquenervius2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.276 |
花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长和宽、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length and width, flag petal length) | 0.124 | ||
科 Family | 特征 Trait | 变异系数 Mean CV | |
救荒野豌豆 Vicia sativa2 | 豆科 Fabaceae | 花大小(翼瓣长、龙骨瓣长、旗瓣长) Flower size (wing petal length, keel length, flag petal length) | 0.060 |
大叶鼠尾草 `Salvia grandifolia4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.181 |
花大小(花冠筒长、下唇长、下唇宽、上下唇间距) Flower size (corolla tube length, lower lip length and width, distance between lips) | 0.099 | ||
藏荆芥 Nepeta angustifolia4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.187 |
花大小(花萼筒长、花萼筒直径、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.076 | ||
异色黄芩 Scutellaria discolor4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.225 |
花大小(花萼筒长、花萼筒直径、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, corolla tube diameter, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.080 | ||
毛果婆婆纳 Veronica eriogyne3 | 玄参科 Scrophulariaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.111 |
花大小(花萼筒直径、上唇宽、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube diameter, upper lip width, lower lip width) | 0.129 | ||
短腺小米草 Euphrasia regelii3 | 玄参科 Scrophulariaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.204 |
花大小(上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽、上下唇间距) Flower size (upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width, distance between lips) | 0.151 | ||
灯笼草 Clinopodium polycephalum4 | 唇形科 Lamiaceae | 叶大小(长、宽) Leaf size (length and width) | 0.167 |
花大小(花萼筒长、上唇长、上唇宽、下唇长、下唇宽) Flower size (corolla tube length, upper lip length and width, lower lip length and width) | 0.118 | ||
陕西紫堇 Corydalis shensiana6 | 罂粟科 Papaveraceae | 叶大小(长、宽)Leaf size (length and width) | 0.264 |
花大小(上花瓣长、距长、下花瓣长、下花瓣宽、上下瓣间距) Flower size (upper petal length, lower petal length and width, distance between petals, spur length) | 0.180 |
Fig. 1 Comparisons of the coefficient of variation (CV) in flower size and leaf size between species with radial and bilateral flowers (mean ± SE). *, there is a significant difference between the CV of flower size and that of leaf size (p < 0.05).
Fig. 2 Pairwise phylogenetic comparisons of flower size in bilaterally and radially symmetrical species. The paired points represent family means or means of higher taxonomic groups for six independent cases where the phylogeny branches dichotomously into a bilateral and radial pair. A non-parametric test was used to examine the differences in mean coefficient of variation (CV) of the six pairs, Mann-Whitney U, Z = - 0.964, p = 0.394.
[1] |
Armbruster WS, Stilio VSD, Tuxill JD, Flores TC, Runk JLV (1999). Covariance and decoupling of floral and vegetative traits in nine neotropical plants: a re-evaluation of Berg’s correlation-pleiades concept. American Journal of Botany, 86, 39-55.
URL PMID |
[2] | Berg RL (1960). The ecological significance of correlation pleiades. Evolution, 14, 171-180. |
[3] | Bradshaw AD (1965). Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Advances in Genetics, 13, 115-155. |
[4] |
Campbell DR, Waser NM, Price MV, Lynch EA, Mitchell RJ (1991). Components of phenotypic selection: pollen export and flower corrolla width in Ipomopsis aggregata. Evolution, 45, 1458-1467.
DOI URL PMID |
[5] | Chase MW, Soltis DE, Olmstead RG, Morgan D, Les Donald H, Mishler BD, Duvall MR, Price RA, Hills HG, Qiu YL, Kron KA, Rettig JH, Conti E, Palmer JD, Manhart JR, Sytsma KJ, Michaels HJ, Kress WJ, Karol KG, Clark WD, Hedren M, Gaut BS, Jansen RK, Kim KJ, Wimpee CF, Smith JF, Furnier GR, Strauss SH, Xiang QY, Plunkett GM, Soltis PS, Swensen SM, Williams SE, Gadek PA, Quinn CJ, Eguiarte LE, Golenberg E, Learn GH, Graham SW, Barrett SCH, Dayanandan S, Albert VA (1993). Phylogenetics of seed plants: an analysis of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene rbcL. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 80, 528-580. |
[6] |
Conner JK, Rush S (1996). Effects of flower size and number on pollinator visitation to wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum. Oecologia, 105, 509-516.
DOI URL PMID |
[7] |
Cronk Q, Möller M (1997). Genetics of floral symmetry revealed. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 12, 85-86.
DOI URL PMID |
[8] | Faegri K, van der Pijl L (1979). The Principles of Pollination Ecology. Pergamon Press, Oxford. |
[9] |
Fenster CB (1991). Selection on floral morphology by hummingbirds. Biotropica, 23, 98-101.
DOI URL |
[10] |
Gong YB, Huang SQ (2009). Floral symmetry: pollinator- mediated stabilizing selection on flower size in bilateral species. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 276, 4013-4020.
DOI URL PMID |
[11] | Harder LD, Barrett SCH (1993). Pollen removal from tristylous Pontederia cordata: effects of anther position and pollinator specialization. Ecology, 74, 1059-1072. |
[12] | Harvey PH, Pagel MD (1991). The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology. Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. |
[13] |
Healy S, Guilford T (1990). Olfactory-bulb size and nocturnality in birds. Evolution, 44, 339-346.
URL PMID |
[14] |
Herrera J, Arista M, Ortiz PL (2008). Perianth organization and intra-specific floral variability. Plant Biology, 10, 704-710.
DOI URL PMID |
[15] | Ingrouille M (1992). Diversity and Evolution of Land Plants. Chapman & Hall, London. |
[16] |
Lande R, Arnold SJ (1983). The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution, 37, 1210-1226.
DOI URL PMID |
[17] | Li JK, Tang LL (2012). Progress in the study of floral symmetry. Biodiversity Science, 20, 280-285. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 李交昆, 唐璐璐 (2012). 花对称性的研究进展. 生物多样性, 20, 280-285.] | |
[18] |
Luo D, Carpenter R, Vincent C, Copscy L, Coen ES (1996). Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum. Nature, 383, 794-799.
DOI URL PMID |
[19] |
Meng JL, Zhou XH, Zhao ZG, Du GZ (2008). Covariance of floral and vegetative traits in four species of Ranunculaceae: a comparison between specialized and generalized pollination systems. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 50, 1161-1170.
DOI URL PMID |
[20] | Møller AP, Birkhead TR (1992). A pairwise comparative method as illustrated by copulation frequency in birds. The American Naturalist, 139, 644-656. |
[21] | Møller AP, Eriksson M (1994). Patterns of fluctuating asymmetry in flowers: implications for sexual selection in plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 7, 97-113. |
[22] | Neal PR, Dafni A, Giurfa M (1998). Floral symmetry and its role in plant-pollinator systems: terminology, distribution, and hypotheses. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 29, 345-373. |
[23] |
Pélabon C, Osler NC, Diekmann M, Graae BJ (2013). Decoupled phenotypic variation between floral and vegetative traits: distinguishing between developmental and environmental correlations. Annals of Botany, 111, 935-944.
URL PMID |
[24] | Pérez-Barrales R, Arroyo J, Scott Armbruster W (2007). Differences in pollinator faunas may generate geographic differences in floral morphology and integration in Narcissus papyraceus(Amaryllidaceae). Oikos, 116, 1904-1918. |
[25] | Read AF (1991). Passerine polygyny: a role for parasites? The American Naturalist, 138, 434-459. |
[26] | Richards AJ (1997). Plant Breeding Systems. Chapman & Hall, London. |
[27] | Ridley M (1983). The Explanation of Organic Diversity: the Comparative Method and Adaptations for Mating. Oxford University Press, Oxford. |
[28] |
Schemske DW, Horvitz CC (1989). Temporal variation in selection on a floral character. Evolution, 43, 461-465.
DOI URL PMID |
[29] | Stebbins GL (1950). Variation and Evolution in Plants. Columbia University Press, Cambridge, USA. |
[30] | Stebbins GL (1974). Flowering Plants: Evolution Above the Species Level. Belknap Press, Cambridge, USA. |
[31] | The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161, 105-121. |
[32] | Ushimaru A, Hyodo F (2005). Why do bilaterally symmetrical flowers orient vertically? Flower orientation influences pollinator landing behaviour. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 7, 151-160. |
[33] | van Kleunen M, Meier A, Saxenhofer M, Fischer M (2008). Support for the predictions of the pollinator-mediated stabilizing selection hypothesis. Journal of Plant Ecology, 1, 173-178. |
[34] | Wolfe LM (1992). Why does the size of reproductive structures decline through time in Hydrophyllum appendiculatum(Hydrophyllaceae)? Developmental constraints vs. resource limitation. American Journal of Botany, 79, 1286-1290. |
[35] | Wolfe LM, Barrett SCH (1989). Patterns of pollen removal and deposition in tristylous Pontederia cordata L.(Pontederiaceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 36, 317-329. |
[36] |
Wolfe LM, Kristolic JL (1999). Floral symmetry and its influence on variance in flower size. The American Naturalist, 154, 484-488.
URL PMID |
[1] | XIANG Wei, HUANG Dong-Liu, ZHU Shi-Dan. Absorptive root anatomical traits of 26 tropical and subtropical fern species [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(5): 593-601. |
[2] | WANG Chun-Cheng, ZHANG Yun-Ling, MA Song-Mei, HUANG Gang, ZHANG Dan, YAN Han. Phylogeny and species differentiation of four wild almond species of subgen. Amygdalus in China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(9): 987-995. |
[3] | YANG Ke-Tong, CHANG Hai-Long, CHEN Guo-Peng, YU Xiao-Ya, XIAN Jun-Ren. Stomatal traits of main greening plant species in Lanzhou [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(2): 187-196. |
[4] | TANG Li-Li, ZHANG Mei, ZHAO Xiang-Lin, KANG Mu-Yi, LIU Hong-Yan, GAO Xian-Ming, YANG Tong, ZHENG Pu-Fan, SHI Fu-Chen. Species distribution and community assembly rules of Juglans mandshurica in North China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(9): 753-761. |
[5] | WANG Xue, CHEN Guang-Shui, YAN Xiao-Jun, CHEN Ting-Ting, JIANG Qi, CHEN Yu-Hui, FAN Ai-Lian, JIA Lin-Qiao, XIONG De-Cheng, HUANG Jin-Xue. Variations in the first-order root diameter in 89 woody species in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(11): 969-978. |
[6] | YANG Lei, SUN Han, FAN Yan-Wen, HAN Wei, ZENG Ling-Bing, LIU Chao, WANG Xiang-Ping. Changes in leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of woody plants along an altitudinal gradient in Changbai Mountain, China [J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2017, 41(12): 1228-1238. |
[7] | Jannathan MAMUT, TAN Dun-Yan. Gynomonoecy in angiosperms: phylogeny, sex expression and evolutionary significance [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(1): 76-90. |
[8] | WANG Lu,LEI Yun,ZHANG Ming-Li. A preliminary study of molecular phylogeny and biogeography distribution pattern of Zelkova inferred from trnL-trnF and nrITS sequences [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2013, 37(5): 407-414. |
[9] | CHEN Yan-Song, ZHOU Shou-Biao, OU Zu-Lan, XU Zhong-Dong, HONG Xin. Seed mass variation in common plant species in Wanfoshan Natural Reservation Region, Anhui, China [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(8): 739-746. |
[10] | TAN Dun-Yan, ZHANG Yang, WANG Ai-Bo. A review of geocarpy and amphicarpy in angiosperms, with special reference to their ecological adaptive significance [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(1): 72-88. |
[11] | HE Ya-Ping, LIU Jian-Quan. A Review on Recent Advances in the Studies of Plant Breeding System [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2003, 27(2): 151-163. |
Viewed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full text 3146
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abstract 1988
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copyright © 2022 Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
Tel: 010-62836134, 62836138, E-mail: apes@ibcas.ac.cn, cjpe@ibcas.ac.cn