Community composition and structure in a 25.2 hm2 subalpine dark coniferous forest dynamics plot in Wanglang, Sichuan, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0094

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Subalpine dark coniferous forests are an important representative of the cold-temperate coniferous forests in China. Dark coniferous forests dominated by spruce (Piceaspp.) and fir (Abies spp.) are the main body of subalpine forests on the eastern edge of the Qingzang Plateau and an important ecological defense in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. In this study, we examined the community composition and structure of such a dark coniferous forest based on the first census data of the 25.2 hm² Wanglang forest dynamics plot in western Sichuan.

Methods The plot was established following the standard protocol of Forest Global Earth Observation Network (ForestGEO) and all free-standing stems with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm were tagged, mapped, measured and identified to species.

Important findings A total of 56 574 individuals belonging to 46 species, 27 genera and 15 families are tagged, including 4 coniferous species, 6 evergreen broad-leaved species and 36 deciduous broad-leaved species. There are 13 rare species (≤1 individuals per hm²), accounting for 28.26% of the total number of species and 0.16% of the total number of individuals in the plot. Abies fargesiivar. faxoniana(9 440 individuals) and P. purpurea (1 645 individuals) are the dominant and constructive species in canopy, accounting for 26.03% and 10.69% of the total importance value, and 55.22% and 24.84% of the total basal area (37.87 m²·hm^-2), respectively. The number of individuals of deciduous broad-leaved species accounted for 78.48% of the total individuals. Among them, Philadelphus purpurascens, Lonicera nervosaand Euonymus frigidusare the dominant species in shrub layer. The number of individuals of evergreen broad-leaved species is 268, and all these species belong to genus Rhododendron. The composition of the size distribution shows typical characteristics of old-growth forests. Picea purpurea is the largest tree species (max DBH = 127.07 cm) and the mean basal area (0.14 ± 0.18) m² is much higher than that of A. fargesiivar. faxoniana(0.056 ± 0.11) m². The size class distribution of all woody species shows an inverse J-shaped distribution, indicating that the community is in a stable and healthy recruitment state. Results of the point pattern analysis reveal that the five dominant tree species (important values ≥5) all show aggregated distribution patterns. However, as the spatial scale increases, all five species tend to be randomly distributed. The results of this study provide basic information for future studies on the diversity maintenance and regeneration mechanisms of subalpine dark coniferous forests in western Sichuan, and the conservation and management of this unique forest ecosystem.

Key words: CForBio network, subalpine dark coniferous forest, Minshan Mountains, species composition, community structure, point pattern analysis

FAN Fan, ZHAO Lian-Jun, MA Tian-Yi, XIONG Xin-Yu, ZHANG Yuan-Bin, SHEN Xiao-Li, LI Sheng. Community composition and structure in a 25.2 hm² subalpine dark coniferous forest dynamics plot in Wanglang, Sichuan, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2022, 46(9): 1005-1017.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0094

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2022/V46/I9/1005

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Location of Wanglang plot. AM, alpine meadow; BR, bare rock; CBF, conifer broad-leaved mixed forest; CF, conifer forest; DF, deciduous broad-leaved forest; ND, no data; SL, shrubland.

Fig. 2 Altitude (A) and distribution of all tagged individual woody plants (B) in Wanglang plot. Blank values in A are due to the inaccessibility caused by the dense bamboo understory during the backpack radar scanning. Each dot represents an individual tagged woody plant in B.

Table 1 Comparison of the major characteristics of Wanglang 25.2hm2 forest dynamics plot with seven other plots of different latitudes and vegetation types

Fig. 3 Species accumulation curve of woody plants in Wanglang plot (20 m × 20 m quadrat number = 630)。Grey shadow areas represent the 95% confidence intervals.

Fig. 4 Diameter at breast height (DBH) distributions of all tagged woody plants, coniferous trees, deciduous trees, and shrubs and vines in Wanglang plot.

Fig. 5 Diameter at breast height (DBH) distributions of the top five woody species according to the rank of important value in Wanglang plot.

Fig. 6 Spatial distributions and the results of point pattern analysis of the five dominant woody species in Wanglang plot. A1-E1, Spatial distributions of individual woody plants. A2-E2, Results of G-function analysis compared with complete spatial random distribution model. gobs(r), observed value; gtheo(r), theoretical values from simulated null model; grey area is 95% confidence interval.

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Community composition and structure in a 25.2 hm² subalpine dark coniferous forest dynamics plot in Wanglang, Sichuan, China

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