Nutrient characteristics and adaptability of plant leaves in Tiankeng Complex of Dashiwei, Guangxi, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The ecological stoichiometric characteristics and variation of plant leaves can reflect the response of plants to their environment, serving as a key to understanding the interaction between plants and the environment. The unique Tiankeng environment creates favorable conditions for plant growth. By exploring the nutrient utilization characteristics and environmental adaptability differences of Tiankeng plants, this study aims to reveal the adaptive mechanism of Tiankeng forest plants, and basic data can be provided for nutrient cycling and community construction in Tiankeng forest.
Methods Our study compared the chemical stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) nutrients in the leaves of plants inside and outside the Tiankeng Complex in Dashiwei, Guangxi. Statistical methods such as correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to explore the intrinsic relationship between chemical stoichiometry and the influence of environment on these characteristics.
Important findings (1) The leaves of 64 plant species from 36 families and 55 genera in the study area have lower C content, higher N, P, K, Ca, Mg contents, and lower C:N, C:P compared to plants in other karst and terrestrial plants in China. This indicates that the plants in Tiankeng Complex are characterized by low C sequestration, high nutrient accumulation, high growth rate, and low nutrient utilization efficiency. (2) The N:P mean value of the plant leaves in the Dashiwei Tiankeng Complex was 16.65, the N:K mean value was 1.50, and the K:P mean value was 10.10, indicating that the Tiankeng plants generally have an abundance of K content but are limited by N and P contents. (3) There were significant differences in the nutrient content and stoichiometric ratios of plants in different locations and functional groups. Different environments and plant types adopt distinct nutrient absorption strategies. (4) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between most of the nutrient contents and stoichiometric ratios of plant leaves, indicating that the nutrient uptake by plant leaves had a certain proportional composition and coordinated relationship. (5) Redundancy analysis showed that soil is a key environmental factor influencing leaf nutrients. The results of our study revealed the characteristics of plant nutrient utilization, habitat nutrient differences, and plant adaptability to the environment in the Dashiwei Tiankeng Complex, providing basic data for exploring the nutrient cycling and community construction mechanism of Tiankeng forest ecosystems.

Key words: nutrient characteristics, stoichiometry, karst, Tiankeng forest

ZHENG Li-Li, YU Lin-Lan, DAI Ping, XUE Yue-Gui, LONG Ping. Nutrient characteristics and adaptability of plant leaves in Tiankeng Complex of Dashiwei, Guangxi, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2024, 48(7): 872-887.

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Figures/Tables 12

References 59

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生境 Habitat	编号 No.	地点 Site	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope (°)	pH	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%)	土壤碳含量 Soil carbon content (g·kg^-1)	土壤氮含量 Soil nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	土壤磷含量 Soil phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside	P1	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 216	26	7.090	61.240	352.700	23.633	1.001
	P2	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 247	35	6.690	38.079	68.600	5.867	1.155
	P3	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 280	40	6.700	26.369	70.200	5.900	1.130
	P4	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 081	34	6.980	36.788	126.640	12.700	1.450
	P5	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 078	31	6.625	40.564	84.225	9.400	1.980
坑外 Outside	P6	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 389	46	6.705	36.448	119.800	12.400	0.700
	P7	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 390	40	7.045	31.039	131.030	12.600	0.670
	P8	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 382	42	6.570	35.471	88.500	8.800	0.420
	P9	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 391	41	6.930	32.343	130.650	13.200	0.650
	P10	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 322	31	6.870	42.576	209.675	17.450	0.630
	P11	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 321	32	6.850	40.255	256.600	21.900	0.595
	P12	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.80	1 366	22	6.925	39.868	125.175	12.350	0.580
	P13	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 309	35	6.955	29.458	68.300	9.267	1.218
	P14	白洞天坑 Baidong Tiankeng	106.47	24.80	1 182	33	7.095	22.581	38.200	10.200	0.778

生境 Habitat	编号 No.	地点 Site	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope (°)	pH	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%)	土壤碳含量 Soil carbon content (g·kg^-1)	土壤氮含量 Soil nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	土壤磷含量 Soil phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside	P1	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 216	26	7.090	61.240	352.700	23.633	1.001
	P2	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 247	35	6.690	38.079	68.600	5.867	1.155
	P3	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 280	40	6.700	26.369	70.200	5.900	1.130
	P4	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 081	34	6.980	36.788	126.640	12.700	1.450
	P5	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 078	31	6.625	40.564	84.225	9.400	1.980
坑外 Outside	P6	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 389	46	6.705	36.448	119.800	12.400	0.700
	P7	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 390	40	7.045	31.039	131.030	12.600	0.670
	P8	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 382	42	6.570	35.471	88.500	8.800	0.420
	P9	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 391	41	6.930	32.343	130.650	13.200	0.650
	P10	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 322	31	6.870	42.576	209.675	17.450	0.630
	P11	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 321	32	6.850	40.255	256.600	21.900	0.595
	P12	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.80	1 366	22	6.925	39.868	125.175	12.350	0.580
	P13	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 309	35	6.955	29.458	68.300	9.267	1.218
	P14	白洞天坑 Baidong Tiankeng	106.47	24.80	1 182	33	7.095	22.581	38.200	10.200	0.778

序号 Number	植物种类 Plant species	科名 Family	生活型 Life form	系统发育 Phylogensis	生境 Habitat
1	白楠 Phoebe neurantha	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
2	粗柄槭 Acer tonkinense	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
3	粗叶榕 Ficus hirta	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
4	粉叶润楠 Machilus glaucifolia	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
5	构 Broussonetia papyrifera	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
6	华润楠 Machilus chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
7	近轮叶木姜子 Litsea elongata var. subverticillata	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
8	南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
9	绒毛山胡椒 Lindera nacusua	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
10	香木莲 Manglietia aromatica	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
11	云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens	桦木科 Betulaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
12	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
13	中华野独活 Miliusa sinensis	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
14	紫弹树 Celtis biondii	大麻科 Cannabaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
15	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
16	常春藤 Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
17	粗叶悬钩子 Rubus alceifolius	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
18	滇鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis	鼠刺科 Iteaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
19	短序鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum bodinieri	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
20	贵州鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum guizhouense	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
21	黑龙骨 Periploca forrestii	夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
22	假通草 Brassaiopsis ciliata	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
23	伞房荚蒾 Viburnum corymbiflorum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
24	喜花草 Eranthemum pulchellum	爵床科 Acanthaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
25	苎麻 Boehmeria nivea	荨麻科 Urticaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
26	清风藤 Sabia japonica	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
27	崖爬藤 Tetrastigma obtectum	葡萄科 Vitaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
28	板蓝 Strobilanthes cusia	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
29	赤车 Pellionia radicans	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
30	短叶赤车 Pellionia brevifolia	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
36	冷水花 Pilea notata	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
37	楼梯草 Elatostema involucratum	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
38	庐山楼梯草 Elatostema stewardii	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
39	球花马蓝 Strobilanthes dimorphotricha	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
40	天胡荽金腰 Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium	虎耳草科 Saxifragaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
41	野靛棵 Justicia patentiflora	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
42	篌竹 Phyllostachys nidularia	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
43	芒 Miscanthus sinensis	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
44	奇异南星 Arisaema decipiens	天南星科 Araceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
45	十字薹草 Carex cruciata	莎草科 Cyperaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
46	石山棕 Guihaia argyrata	棕榈科 Arecaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
47	万寿竹 Disporum cantoniense	秋水仙科 Colchicaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
48	显子草 Phaenosperma globosum	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
49	小果野蕉 Musa acuminata	芭蕉科 Musaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
50	半边旗 Pteris semipinnata	凤尾蕨科 Pteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
51	抱石莲 Lemmaphyllum drymoglossoides	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
52	变异鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris varia	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
53	大平鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris bodinieri	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
54	盾蕨 Lepisorus ovatus	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
55	光石韦 Pyrrosia calvata	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
56	红色新月蕨 Pronephrium lakhimpurense	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
57	华南毛蕨 Cyclosorus parasiticus	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
58	江南星蕨 Lepisorus fortunei	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
59	介蕨 Deparia boryana	蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
60	里白 Diplopterygium glaucum	里白科 Gleicheniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
61	肾蕨 Nephrolepis cordifolia	肾蕨科 Nephrolepidaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
62	狭翅巢蕨 Asplenium antrophyoides	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
63	狭翅铁角蕨 Asplenium wrightii	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
64	友水龙骨 Goniophlebium amoenum	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside

序号 Number	植物种类 Plant species	科名 Family	生活型 Life form	系统发育 Phylogensis	生境 Habitat
1	白楠 Phoebe neurantha	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
2	粗柄槭 Acer tonkinense	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
3	粗叶榕 Ficus hirta	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
4	粉叶润楠 Machilus glaucifolia	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
5	构 Broussonetia papyrifera	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
6	华润楠 Machilus chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
7	近轮叶木姜子 Litsea elongata var. subverticillata	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
8	南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
9	绒毛山胡椒 Lindera nacusua	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
10	香木莲 Manglietia aromatica	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
11	云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens	桦木科 Betulaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
12	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
13	中华野独活 Miliusa sinensis	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
14	紫弹树 Celtis biondii	大麻科 Cannabaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
15	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
16	常春藤 Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
17	粗叶悬钩子 Rubus alceifolius	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
18	滇鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis	鼠刺科 Iteaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
19	短序鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum bodinieri	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
20	贵州鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum guizhouense	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
21	黑龙骨 Periploca forrestii	夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
22	假通草 Brassaiopsis ciliata	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
23	伞房荚蒾 Viburnum corymbiflorum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
24	喜花草 Eranthemum pulchellum	爵床科 Acanthaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
25	苎麻 Boehmeria nivea	荨麻科 Urticaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
26	清风藤 Sabia japonica	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
27	崖爬藤 Tetrastigma obtectum	葡萄科 Vitaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
28	板蓝 Strobilanthes cusia	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
29	赤车 Pellionia radicans	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
30	短叶赤车 Pellionia brevifolia	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
36	冷水花 Pilea notata	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
37	楼梯草 Elatostema involucratum	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
38	庐山楼梯草 Elatostema stewardii	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
39	球花马蓝 Strobilanthes dimorphotricha	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
40	天胡荽金腰 Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium	虎耳草科 Saxifragaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
41	野靛棵 Justicia patentiflora	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
42	篌竹 Phyllostachys nidularia	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
43	芒 Miscanthus sinensis	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
44	奇异南星 Arisaema decipiens	天南星科 Araceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
45	十字薹草 Carex cruciata	莎草科 Cyperaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
46	石山棕 Guihaia argyrata	棕榈科 Arecaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
47	万寿竹 Disporum cantoniense	秋水仙科 Colchicaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
48	显子草 Phaenosperma globosum	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
49	小果野蕉 Musa acuminata	芭蕉科 Musaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
50	半边旗 Pteris semipinnata	凤尾蕨科 Pteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
51	抱石莲 Lemmaphyllum drymoglossoides	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
52	变异鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris varia	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
53	大平鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris bodinieri	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
54	盾蕨 Lepisorus ovatus	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
55	光石韦 Pyrrosia calvata	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
56	红色新月蕨 Pronephrium lakhimpurense	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
57	华南毛蕨 Cyclosorus parasiticus	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
58	江南星蕨 Lepisorus fortunei	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
59	介蕨 Deparia boryana	蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
60	里白 Diplopterygium glaucum	里白科 Gleicheniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
61	肾蕨 Nephrolepis cordifolia	肾蕨科 Nephrolepidaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
62	狭翅巢蕨 Asplenium antrophyoides	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
63	狭翅铁角蕨 Asplenium wrightii	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
64	友水龙骨 Goniophlebium amoenum	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside

位置 Position (n)	LCC (g·kg^-1)	LNC (g·kg^-1)	LPC (g·kg^-1)	LKC (g·kg^-1)	LCaC (g·kg^-1)	LMgC (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside the Tiankeng (89)	419.303 ± 69.705^b	28.790 ± 10.728^a	1.845 ± 0.974^a	19.476 ± 8.211^a	20.006 ± 9.755^a	5.673 ± 4.380^a
坑外 Outside the Tiankeng (52)	445.907 ± 30.621^a	16.073 ± 4.999^b	1.104 ± 0.262^b	15.806 ± 5.451^b	17.297 ± 8.775^a	4.632 ± 2.195^a
p	0.006	0.000	0.000	0.010	0.096	0.378
位置 Position (n)	C:N	C:P	C:K	N:P	N:K	P:K
坑内 Inside the Tiankeng (89)	18.470 ± 10.129^b	294.927 ± 129.124^b	28.327 ± 22.515^b	17.829 ± 6.978^a	1.656 ± 0.893^a	0.101 ± 0.060^a
坑外 Outside the Tiankeng (52)	29.326 ± 12.998^a	394.417 ± 132.481^a	31.819 ± 13.053^a	14.643 ± 5.722^b	1.244 ± 0.642^b	0.094 ± 0.061^a
p	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.010	0.002	0.293