Post-fire time impacts on nonstructural carbohydrates in leaves-branches-roots of Vaccinium vitis-idaea in Da Hinggan Mountains

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0372

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims In recent years, fires triggered by extreme weather have caused severe damage to forest ecosystems, leading to a sharp increase in tree mortality. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) can reflect the response of plants to post-fire environmental changes and their adaptive strategies. However, few studies have explored the changing patterns and response mechanisms of NSC concentrations in different plant organs with time post fire.

Methods In the Huzhong area of the Da Hinggan Mountains, four severely burned plots at different burn times and one adjacent unburned plot were selected using the “space for time” method. The local dominant shrub species, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, was chosen, and the leaves and branches of different ages (current year and perennial), fine roots and rhizosphere soil samples were collected, further determining organ soluble sugar and starch concentrations, functional traits of leaves and fine roots, and the soil properties.

Important findings The order of NSC concentrations in different organs of V. vitis-idaea was leaves > branches > fine roots. The soluble sugar concentration of current year leaves increased significantly after fire, whereas the starch concentration of perennial leaves increased remarkably. The starch concentration of current year branches was significantly higher than that of perennial branches from 2 to 10 years post fire. The NSC concentrations of branches and fine roots 18 years post fire differed substantially from those at unburned plot. In addition, leaf NSC concentration was negatively correlated with soil pH, leaf specific area and leaf nitrogen content. Furthermore, branch NSC concentration was positively correlated with time post fire and soil available phosphorus content, but negatively correlated with fine root nitrogen content. Fine root NSC concentration was positively correlated with time post fire while negatively correlated with fine root nitrogen content. In conclusion, the responses of V. vitis-idaea NSC concentrations to time post fire varied among organs, which is of great significance to accurately understanding the physiological and ecological changes of plants during post fire recovery.

Key words: forest fire disturbance, leaf age, soluble sugar, soil properties, plant trait

LU Lei-Qin, SUN Long, SONG Yu-Xuan, YANG Guang, CAI Hui-Ying. Post-fire time impacts on nonstructural carbohydrates in leaves-branches-roots of Vaccinium vitis-idaea in Da Hinggan Mountains[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(12): 2105-2118.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0372

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I12/2105

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Distribution map of study plots for post-fire restoration of Larix gmelinii forests in Da Hinggan Mountains.

Fig. 2 Basic characteristics of branches and leaves of different ages of Vaccinium vitis-idaea

Fig. 3 Changes in concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and its components in Vaccinium vitis-idaea leaves-branches-roots with time post fire (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different time in the same organ and component (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between organs in the same time and component (p < 0.05). CK indicates unburned control.

Fig. 4 Changes in concentration of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) source-sink in Vaccinium vitis-idaea with time post fire (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different time in the same component (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between source and sink in the same time (p < 0.05). CK indicates unburned control. The dotted line indicates that the concentrations of non-structural carbohydrate sources and sinks are equal.

Fig. 5 Allocation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and its components within leaves-branches-roots of Vaccinium vitis-idaea with time post fire. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the same component of the same organ among the time post fire (p < 0.05). CK indicates unburned control.

Fig. 6 Changes in concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and its components in different leaf ages of Vaccinium vitis-idaea with time post fire (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among time in the same organ and component (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between leaf ages in the same time and component (p < 0.05). CK indicates unburned control.

Fig. 7 Changes in concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and its components in different age branches of Vaccinium vitis-idaea with time post fire (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among time in the same organ and component (p < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between branch ages in the same time and component (p < 0.05). CK indicates unburned control.

Fig. 8 Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the relationship among time, soil properties, plant traits and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and its components of leaves (A), branches (B) and roots (C) of Vaccinium vitis-idaea. 0, 2, 5, 10, 18 denote the time since fire. The black arrow represents NSC components: NSC, non-structural carbohydrates concentration; SS, soluble sugar concentration; ST, starch concentration. The gray arrow represents environmental variables: AP, soil acid phosphatase activity; AvP, soil available phosphorus; BG, soil β-glucosidase activity; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LeafN, leaf nitrogen content; LeafP, leaf phosphorus content; NAG, soil N-acetyl-β-glucosidase activity; NH4+-N, Soil ammonium nitrogen; NO3--N, Soil nitrate nitrogen; pH, Soil acidity and alkalinity; RootN, fine root nitrogen content; RootP, fine root phosphorus content. SLA, specific leaf area; Time since fire, time post fire.

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