Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 453-465.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0214
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Chao-Yang FENG,He-Song WANG*(),Jian-xin SUN
Online:
2018-04-20
Published:
2018-06-01
Chao-Yang FENG, He-Song WANG, Jian-xin SUN. Temporal changes of vegetation water use efficiency and its influencing factors in Northern China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2018, 42(4): 453-465.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0214
站点 Site | 纬度 Latitude (° N) | 经度 Longitude (°E ) | 数据时期 Data period | 年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 年平均气温 Mean annual Temperature (℃) | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 仪器高度 Height of Instrument (m) | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
长白山 Changbaishan | 42.40 | 128.09 | 2003-2005 | 695 | 3.6 | 738 | 40.0 | 针阔混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest |
密云 Miyun | 40.63 | 117.32 | 2008-2009 | 615 | 10.9 | 350 | 26.6 | 玉米、果树 Maize, fruit tree |
内蒙古 Nei Mongol | 43.54 | 116.67 | 2004-2005 | 350 | -0.4 | 1 252 | 4.0 | 温带草原 Temperate steppe |
大兴 Daxing | 39.62 | 116.43 | 2009-2010 | 590 | 11.6 | 20 | 3.0 | 玉米/小麦 Maize/wheat |
海北 Haibei | 37.67 | 101.33 | 2003-2005 | 560 | -1.6 | 3 358 | 2.2 | 灌丛 Shrubland |
大满 Daman | 38.86 | 100.37 | 2013-2014 | 122 | 7.3 | 1 556 | 4.5 | 玉米 Maize |
花寨子 Huazhaizi | 38.77 | 100.32 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 7.3 | 1 731 | 2.9 | 荒漠 Desert |
张掖 Zhangye | 38.98 | 100.30 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 6.0 | 1 460 | 5.2 | 湿地 Wetland |
巴吉滩 Bajitan | 38.92 | 100.30 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 7.3 | 1 562 | 4.6 | 荒漠 Desert |
Table 1 Information on geography and vegetation of the study sites
站点 Site | 纬度 Latitude (° N) | 经度 Longitude (°E ) | 数据时期 Data period | 年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 年平均气温 Mean annual Temperature (℃) | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 仪器高度 Height of Instrument (m) | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
长白山 Changbaishan | 42.40 | 128.09 | 2003-2005 | 695 | 3.6 | 738 | 40.0 | 针阔混交林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest |
密云 Miyun | 40.63 | 117.32 | 2008-2009 | 615 | 10.9 | 350 | 26.6 | 玉米、果树 Maize, fruit tree |
内蒙古 Nei Mongol | 43.54 | 116.67 | 2004-2005 | 350 | -0.4 | 1 252 | 4.0 | 温带草原 Temperate steppe |
大兴 Daxing | 39.62 | 116.43 | 2009-2010 | 590 | 11.6 | 20 | 3.0 | 玉米/小麦 Maize/wheat |
海北 Haibei | 37.67 | 101.33 | 2003-2005 | 560 | -1.6 | 3 358 | 2.2 | 灌丛 Shrubland |
大满 Daman | 38.86 | 100.37 | 2013-2014 | 122 | 7.3 | 1 556 | 4.5 | 玉米 Maize |
花寨子 Huazhaizi | 38.77 | 100.32 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 7.3 | 1 731 | 2.9 | 荒漠 Desert |
张掖 Zhangye | 38.98 | 100.30 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 6.0 | 1 460 | 5.2 | 湿地 Wetland |
巴吉滩 Bajitan | 38.92 | 100.30 | 2013-2014 | 130 | 7.3 | 1 562 | 4.6 | 荒漠 Desert |
Fig. 3 Seasonal changes of water use efficiency (WUE) for the study sites. Data of three years from Haibei and Changbaishan, and two years form others.
Fig. 4 Pearson’s correlations of different factors with water use efficiency (WUE). GPP (g C·m-2), gross primary production; ET (kg H2O·m-2), evapotranspiration; PAR (W·m-2), photosynthetically active radiation; RH (%), relative humidity; Ta (°C), temperature; VPD (kPa), vapor pressure deficit.
台站名 Site | 0.5 h | R2 | 1 d | R2 | 8 d | R2 | 逐月 Monthly | R2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
长白山 Changbaishan | Ta (0.97), RH (-0.54), VPD (-0.91), PAR (-0.17) | 0.49 | Ta (0.83), VPD (-0.27) | 0.68 | Ta (0.82) | 0.67 | |||
内蒙古 Nei Mongol | Ta (0.29), RH (0.14), PAR (-0.19) | 0.14 | RH (0.45) | 0.20 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) | ||||
海北 Haibei | Ta (0.90), VPD (-0.42), PAR (-0.27) | 0.71 | Ta (1.05), VPD (-0.36), PAR (-0.12) | 0.93 | Ta (0.89), PAR (-0.33) | 0.94 | |||
大兴 Daxing | Ta (0.51), VPD (-0.57), PAR (-0.34) | 0.36 | Ta (0.80), RH (-0.27), VPD (-0.80), PAR (-0.37) | 0.46 | RH (0.61) | 0.40 | PAR (-0.85) | 0.73 | |
密云 Miyun | Ta (0.18), RH (0.26), VPD (-0.13), PAR (-0.18) | 0.20 | Ta (0.71), VPD (-0.57), PAR (-0.33) | 0.49 | RH (0.51), Ta (0.57) | 0.69 | RH (0.80) | 0.65 | |
张掖 Zhangye | Ta (0.30), RH (0.50), PAR (-0.39) | 0.45 | Ta (0.32), RH (0.70), PAR (-0.14) | 0.61 | Ta (0.36), RH (0.58), PAR (-0.44) | 0.69 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) | ||
大满 Daman | Ta (0.68), RH (0.37), VPD (-0.52), PAR (-0.21) | 0.57 | Ta (0.54), RH (0.53), PAR (-0.31) | 0.63 | Ta (0.94), VPD (-0.46) | 0.70 | Ta (0.84) | 0.71 | |
巴吉滩 Bajitan | Ta (-0.36), RH (-0.48), PAR (-0.24) | 0.20 | Ta (-0.33), RH (-0.58), PAR (-0.12) | 0.30 | RH (-0.77), VPD (-0.46) | 0.70 | RH (-0.87) | 0.70 | |
花寨子 Huazhaizi | RH (-0.27), PAR (-0.27) | 0.12 | RH (-0.65), PAR (-0.50) | 0.31 | RH (-0.66) | 0.40 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) |
Table 2 Standardized regression coefficients of meteorological factors and coefficient of determination (R2) in stepwise regression equations in different time scales (p < 0.05)
台站名 Site | 0.5 h | R2 | 1 d | R2 | 8 d | R2 | 逐月 Monthly | R2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
长白山 Changbaishan | Ta (0.97), RH (-0.54), VPD (-0.91), PAR (-0.17) | 0.49 | Ta (0.83), VPD (-0.27) | 0.68 | Ta (0.82) | 0.67 | |||
内蒙古 Nei Mongol | Ta (0.29), RH (0.14), PAR (-0.19) | 0.14 | RH (0.45) | 0.20 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) | ||||
海北 Haibei | Ta (0.90), VPD (-0.42), PAR (-0.27) | 0.71 | Ta (1.05), VPD (-0.36), PAR (-0.12) | 0.93 | Ta (0.89), PAR (-0.33) | 0.94 | |||
大兴 Daxing | Ta (0.51), VPD (-0.57), PAR (-0.34) | 0.36 | Ta (0.80), RH (-0.27), VPD (-0.80), PAR (-0.37) | 0.46 | RH (0.61) | 0.40 | PAR (-0.85) | 0.73 | |
密云 Miyun | Ta (0.18), RH (0.26), VPD (-0.13), PAR (-0.18) | 0.20 | Ta (0.71), VPD (-0.57), PAR (-0.33) | 0.49 | RH (0.51), Ta (0.57) | 0.69 | RH (0.80) | 0.65 | |
张掖 Zhangye | Ta (0.30), RH (0.50), PAR (-0.39) | 0.45 | Ta (0.32), RH (0.70), PAR (-0.14) | 0.61 | Ta (0.36), RH (0.58), PAR (-0.44) | 0.69 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) | ||
大满 Daman | Ta (0.68), RH (0.37), VPD (-0.52), PAR (-0.21) | 0.57 | Ta (0.54), RH (0.53), PAR (-0.31) | 0.63 | Ta (0.94), VPD (-0.46) | 0.70 | Ta (0.84) | 0.71 | |
巴吉滩 Bajitan | Ta (-0.36), RH (-0.48), PAR (-0.24) | 0.20 | Ta (-0.33), RH (-0.58), PAR (-0.12) | 0.30 | RH (-0.77), VPD (-0.46) | 0.70 | RH (-0.87) | 0.70 | |
花寨子 Huazhaizi | RH (-0.27), PAR (-0.27) | 0.12 | RH (-0.65), PAR (-0.50) | 0.31 | RH (-0.66) | 0.40 | (无显著因子) (No significant factor) |
Fig. 9 The average daily gross primary production (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) for the study sites. The sites were arranged in the order of increasing WUE.
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