Long-term (1992-2015) dynamics of community composition and structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2017.0171

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (MEBF) is the dominant vegetation type in the subtropics of Eurasian continent. It provides vital ecosystem services and supports the socioeconomic development of the societies. Recent literature indicated that the MEBF had been greatly affected by the changing climate and other disturbances such as outbreaks of insects and, consequently, shifted its species composition and structure. In this study, we aim at the long-term changes of plant species and community structure in the MEBF.

Methods Species names, diameters at breast height (DBH), and tree heights of all trees with DBH ≥ 1.0 cm were recorded in 1992, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2015 in a 1-hm ² monitoring plot in the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve. We quantified the long-term changes over this 24-year study period by species composition, biological diversity, aboveground biomass, DBH frequency table, and stand density by species.

Important findings Important findings From 1992 to 2015, the stand density increased by 42.7% while the total biomass decreased by 5.1%. The β diversity based on biomass and stand density indicated that the diversity increased by 37.4% and 65.6%, respectively, from 1992 to 2015. More importantly, the number of small arbor and shrubs, and smaller trees (DBH < 15 cm) also increased sharply, with major contributions from Aidia canthioides, Macaranga sampsonii and Blastus cochinchinensis. In contrast, the change in stand biomass was more from biomass decrease of Castanopsis chinensis, Schima superba and Cryptocarya concinna, but increase of Gironniera subaequalis and Pterospermum lanceifolium. We conclude that the changes on community composition and structure in the MEBF were significant, which was resulted from a combined influence of succession, changes in climate, and insect outbreaks.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201804004

Key words: stand density, biomass, diversity, long term, monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest

Shun ZOU, Guo-Yi ZHOU, Qian-Mei ZHANG, Shan XU, Xin XIONG, Yan-Ju XIA, Shi-Zhong LIU, Ze MENG, Guo-Wei CHU. Long-term (1992-2015) dynamics of community composition and structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2018, 42(4): 442-452.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0171

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2018/V42/I4/442

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Main species (IV ≥ 1.0) in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest

序号 Order	物种 Species	生活型 Life form	物种代码 Species code	序号 Order	物种 Species	生活型 Life form	物种代码 Species code
1	锥 Castanopsis chinensis	I	Cch	16	笔罗子 Meliosma rigida	I	Mr
2	白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis	I	Gs	17	广东金叶子 Craibiodendron scleranthum	I	Cs
3	肖蒲桃 Syzygium acuminatissimum	I	Sa	18	香楠 Aidia canthioides	II	Ac
4	木荷 Schima superba	I	Ss	19	鼎湖血桐 Macaranga sampsonii	II	Ms
5	窄叶半枫荷 Pterospermum lanceifolium	I	Pl	20	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	II	Bc
6	厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	I	Crc	21	云南银柴 Aporosa yunnanensis	II	Ay
7	橄榄 Canarium album	I	Ca	22	褐叶柄果木 Mischocarpus pentapetalus	II	Mip
8	白楸 Mallotus paniculatus	I	Map	23	红枝蒲桃 Syzygium rehderianum	II	Sr
9	黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna	I	Cco	24	光叶红豆 Ormosia glaberrima	II	Og
10	臀果木 Pygeum topengii	I	Pt	25	黄叶树 Xanthophyllum hainanense	II	Xh
11	肉实树 Sarcosperma laurinum	I	Sl	26	罗伞树 Ardisia quinquegona	II	Aq
12	观光木 Michelia odora	I	Mo	27	黄毛榕 Ficus esquiroliana	II	Fe
13	华润楠 Machilus chinensis	I	Mc	28	鼎湖钓樟 Lindera chunii	II	Lc
14	鹅掌柴 Schefflera heptaphylla	I	Sh	29	九节 Psychotria asiatica	II	Pa
15	黄杞 Engelhardia roxburghiana	I	Er

Fig. 1 Changes in stand density (A) and biomass (B) of community (All), middle and big arbor (Life form I) and small arbor and shrub (Life form II) in the 1 hm2 monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest sample plot between 1992 and 2015 (linear fitting).

Table 2 Changes of species richness and Shannon-Wiener indices based on the individual and biomass from 1992 to 2015 in the 1 hm2 monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest sample plot. All trees with diameters at breast height ≥ 1.0 cm were monitored during the study period

年 Year	物种数 Species richness	基于个体数 Individual based			基于生物量 Biomass based
年 Year	物种数 Species richness	群落 Population	生活型I Life form I	生活型II Life form II	群落 Population	生活型I Life form I	生活型II Life form II
1992	86	2.90	2.39	2.30	2.16	1.86	2.17
1994	86	2.90	2.40	2.29	2.19	1.88	2.20
1999	90	2.99	2.52	2.39	2.27	1.97	2.21
2004	94	3.07	2.63	2.53	2.16	1.82	2.29
2008	90	2.98	2.62	2.42	2.22	1.88	2.50
2010	90	2.91	2.64	2.34	2.30	1.93	2.49
2015	80	2.71	2.62	2.15	2.38	2.01	2.41
p	>0.05	>0.05	<0.05	>0.05	=0.05	>0.05	<0.05

Fig. 2 Changes in species-abundance and species-biomass relationships in the 1 hm2 monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest sample plot. A, species-abundance distribution. B, accumulative species-abundance. C, species-biomass distribution. D, species-biomass accumulation.

Fig. 3 Changes in the replacement index (RI), difference index (DI) and β diversity index (BI) with year from 1992 to 2015. A, Abundance-based logistic fitting. B, Biomass-based linear fitting.

Fig. 4 Dynamics of size class(diameters at breast height) distributions of individuals (A) and biomass (B) from 1992 to 2015 (linear fitting) in the 1 hm2 monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest sample plot. D, diameters at breast height; ↑, significant (p < 0.05) increase; ↓, significant (p < 0.05) decrease.

Fig. 5 The changes in the abundance (A) and biomass (B) of 29 common species in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (MEBF) sample plot during 1992-2015 in the 1 hm2 MEBF sample plot. Dashed lines in plot A and B represent 1.0% of the total individuals (36.4) and biomass (2.93 t) in 1992, respectively. The one-to-one relationship between codes and species is provided in Table 1.

Fig. 6 Population sizes of Castanopsis chinensis (A) and Schima superba (B) between 1992 and 2015 in the 1 hm2 monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest sample plot. Total, total number of individuals.

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